Core Viewpoint - The diversification of payment systems and currencies is an irreversible trend in the context of increasing globalization and diversification of global trade, with a focus on enhancing trade volume and settlement in Renminbi among China and developing countries [2][3][4]. Group 1: Payment System Diversification - Following the exclusion of Russia from the SWIFT system, many countries have recognized the risks of over-reliance on the dollar and are seeking alternative payment systems [2][3]. - China has actively promoted the internationalization of the Renminbi since the launch of cross-border trade Renminbi settlement pilot in 2009, with significant milestones including the inclusion of Renminbi in the IMF's Special Drawing Rights (SDR) basket in 2015 [2][3]. - As of November 2025, China has signed bilateral currency swap agreements with 32 countries and regions, with a total scale exceeding 4.5 trillion Renminbi [2]. Group 2: Technological Advancements - The introduction of the digital Renminbi and the establishment of the Cross-Border Interbank Payment System (CIPS) in 2015 have provided technological support for the transformation of settlement systems [3]. - By 2024, CIPS is expected to account for 3.8% of global payments, with projections to exceed 10% by 2027 [3]. - CIPS has already covered 189 countries and regions, processing business amounts reaching 90.19 trillion Renminbi [3]. Group 3: International Cooperation and Trade - China and Russia have nearly completely transitioned to using their own currencies for trade settlements, reducing dependence on the dollar [3]. - In BRICS countries, 30% of trade transactions are now conducted using Renminbi, while Saudi Arabia's Renminbi settlement for oil exports is projected to reach 45% by September 2025 [3][4]. - Argentina has announced plans to use Renminbi for imports from China, and BHP has agreed to settle 30% of iron ore transactions in Renminbi by October 2025 [4]. Group 4: Strategic Recommendations - Increasing trade volume among countries is essential for enhancing the credibility of payment systems, as the establishment of any payment system relies on substantial trade volume [5]. - Emphasizing the use of Renminbi in international settlements is a rational arrangement aimed at reducing financial risks, rather than a direct move towards "de-dollarization" [5]. - Ensuring adherence to international law and transparency in the settlement process is crucial for building trust in the Renminbi and non-dollar payment systems [5][6]. Group 5: Global Trends - Other countries are also taking steps to mitigate dollar risks, such as the BRICS New Development Bank's introduction of a "local currency financing toolbox" and Russia's development of an alternative to SWIFT [6]. - The trend towards diversification in payment systems and currencies is seen as an irreversible development in global trade [6]. - Establishing an equitable trade and payment system is essential to address the root causes of international conflicts [6].

金砖国家内部贸易中，已有30%的交易绕开美元直接使用人民币结算。在中东，沙特对华原油出口的人民币结算比例在2025年9月达到45%，动摇了"石油 美元"根基。阿联酋2023年完成首笔液化天然气人民币结算后，将30%的外汇储备转换为人民币债券。巴西2023年与中国达成协议，摆脱美元，直接使用 本币进行贸易结算。 此外，2023年4月，阿根廷政府宣布，在从中国进口商品时将开始使用人民币而非美元进行支付。2025年10月，澳大利亚矿业巨头必和必拓与中国企业达 成协议，铁矿石现货交易中30%将使用人民币结算。 【中国人民大学重阳金融研究院高级研究员刘志勤接受俄罗斯卫星通讯社采访时表示，在全球贸易日益全球化、多元化的背景下，支付系统的多元化与支 付货币的多元化已成为不可逆转的趋势。中国与发展中国家应增加相互贸易量，增加以人民币为主的结算方式，遵循公正透明的国际规则，共建平等的非 美元结算体系。】 俄罗斯在乌克兰开启特别军事行动后，美国及其盟友将俄罗斯踢出SWIFT系统并冻结其外汇储备，让许多国家意识到过度依赖美元体系的巨大风险，纷纷 寻求建立替代性支付体系。作为世界第二大经济体、全球最大外贸国的中国也不例外，积极推进人 ...