构建全域资源循环利用体系。整合乡村农业生产与旅游发展的资源需求，鼓励农业生产废弃物多元化利 用，实现农业与旅游业之间的资源互通。搭建以乡镇或者村为单位，整合环卫、旅游、农业等部门的全 域化资源循环利用体系，聚焦旅游服务以及乡村生产生活所产生的各类废弃物，建立就地分类、集中处 理、资源化利用的全流程机制，推动各类废弃物从末端处理转变为源头减量和循环利用。 推行节能低碳服务运营标准。制定并落地系统化的节能低碳服务标准，使其覆盖住宿、餐饮、交通等核 心服务场景。明确节能节水技术要求与实施规范，鼓励旅游服务主体主动采用节能设备，并优化服务流 程；引导旅游服务端与消费端共同践行低碳理念，积极使用清洁能源交通工具以减少碳排放；推广低碳 化的旅游体验活动，在旅游预订、讲解、消费等环节鼓励全面应用数字化、无纸化服务，从服务供给与 消费体验两方面来减少旅游运营资源消耗，实现旅游产业发展与资源环境的协调适配。 （来源：新华日报） □ 杨 锟 马克思主义生态观为生态文化的形成提供了科学理论渊源，其核心要义在于倡导人与自然和谐共生。将 这一理念贯彻于乡村旅游发展实践，要求我们在发展乡村旅游时既要保护乡村自然生态与乡土文化根 脉，又要 ...

Group 1 - The relationship between humans and nature is fundamental to human society, as emphasized by Marx and Engels, who argue that nature is an objective existence that precedes humanity and is essential for human life and development [1][2] - Engels highlights that labor and nature together are the source of all wealth, with nature providing materials that labor transforms into wealth, stressing the importance of maintaining a balance in this interaction [1][2] - Marx warns that ignoring the principles of equality in the material transformation between humans and nature can lead to irreversible damage to the land and its fertility [1][2] Group 2 - Marx and Engels criticized the disregard for natural laws during industrialization, warning that such actions could lead to ecological degradation and the impoverishment of land [2][3] - Engels illustrated the consequences of industrial pollution, describing the polluted state of the Wupper Valley, which serves as a cautionary example of the environmental impact of industrial activities [2][3] - The writings of Marx and Engels provide a theoretical basis for ecological civilization, emphasizing the need to reconstruct the relationship between humans and nature, advocating for a respectful and sustainable approach to nature [3][4] Group 3 - The construction of ecological civilization is positioned as a priority by the Chinese Communist Party, with leaders like Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping advocating for environmental restoration and sustainable resource use [4] - Since the 18th National Congress, Xi Jinping has placed significant emphasis on ecological civilization, promoting the idea of harmonious coexistence between humans and nature as a fundamental strategy for modern socialism [4] - The concept of "green mountains and clear waters are as valuable as mountains of gold and silver" is highlighted as a guiding principle for development, aiming for sustainable progress and environmental protection [4]