高龄化

Search documents
90年代的日本医疗真的崩坏了吗?
Hu Xiu· 2025-07-18 08:13
去年年末的时候,一篇关于日本90年代医疗崩坏的文章关注度颇高,后来甚至一度被制作成视频在各大社交媒体传播。作为曾经的日本医疗行业从业者,后 来又在研究医学新闻,看到文章的第一感觉是熟悉又陌生。不是说医疗崩坏这个话题在日本不存在,而是那篇文章对于日本医疗体制的表述存在着许多常识 性错误和文字上的误导,并且对于不熟悉整个日本的医疗制度的人来说,日本的医疗制度本身就存在着很多不同于中国的制度设计,完全按照中国的制度逻 辑去理解日本的医疗体制的话,并无多少益处。 这篇文章将对所谓的"九十年代日本医疗崩溃"进行事实核查。在此基础上我还发现所谓的高龄化导致医疗费暴涨的叙事其实从数据上就可以反驳,只可惜到 目前为止,整体舆论都还是对这一论调深信不疑。 一、90年代日本的公共卫生现状 文章开篇,作者提到"仅5年时间,全国65岁以上病患数就从不足200万暴涨至360万。" 或许有这个可能,但"暴涨"这个表述非常具有误导性。疾病本身也分慢性病和急性病。人随着年龄的增长,患病的概率也会增加。而高龄者罹患的疾病大多 是慢性病,除非传染性极强的疾病,不然病患数量一般都会在一个可预测的范围内,不可能会出现所谓的"暴涨"的情况。也就是说, ...
首次跌破1.2,日本彻底躺平了
虎嗅APP· 2025-06-07 13:52
以下文章来源于环行星球 ,作者环行星球 环行星球 . 旅行+多元文化+人生体验,看遍这个五彩斑斓的世界。合作请联系:xiaobaibai_9999(注明品牌和需 求) 本文来自微信公众号: 环行星球 ,作者:环行星球,题图来自:视觉中国 6月4日,日本厚生省公布了一项最新统计数据,显示2024年,日本新生婴儿的数量约68.6万人,整 体生育率为1.15,创历史新低。 这消息引发了不小的震动。毕竟此前,日本政府预估,"出生人口跌破70w万大关"的预估时间大约是 在2039年。没想到,提前了15年就"达标"了。 大和民族要绝后? 一般情况下,要维持正常的人口稳定,国家生育率应该维持在2.1这个水平。 中国因为人口基数大,且尚处于人口下降初期,刚刚拉响警报。 放在区域来看,东亚地区的中、日、韩,三国,均已无法达到这个标准。根据世界银行2022年生育 率数据显示,其中,日本是1.26,是全球倒数,中国的生育率为1.18,排名也很不理想。倒数第一名 的韩国只有0.78。 东亚单独一条线的话,下降的会更明显了 生育率低下对社会最直接的冲击,就是人口老龄化,以及劳动力不足。 日本的总人口不到中国的十分之一,一年只有70万新 ...
首次跌破1.2,日本彻底躺平了
Hu Xiu· 2025-06-06 12:34
Core Viewpoint - Japan's birth rate has fallen below 700,000, reaching this milestone 15 years earlier than previously expected, raising concerns about the country's demographic future [3][5]. Demographic Trends - To maintain population stability, a birth rate of 2.1 is necessary, but Japan's current rate is only 1.26, with China at 1.18 and South Korea at 0.78, indicating a significant decline in East Asia [4][5]. - Japan's total population is less than one-tenth of China's, with only 700,000 newborns annually, highlighting the severity of the situation [9]. Historical Context - Japan has been aware of its declining birth rate since around 1990, with no significant recovery since then [10][11]. - The population structure has shifted since 2005, with the death rate exceeding the birth rate, leading to an aging population that now constitutes 27% of the total [27][28]. Government Response - The Japanese government has implemented various policies since the 1990s, including the "Angel Plan" in 1994 and the "Basic Law on Measures for a Declining Birthrate" in 2003, aimed at encouraging childbirth and supporting families [23][25]. - Despite these efforts, the effectiveness of these policies has been questioned, as the birth rate continues to decline [26]. Societal Changes - There is a growing trend of individuals choosing not to have children, with 33.4% of women and an increasing number of men opting for lifelong singlehood [32][33]. - The rise of "one-person economies" reflects a societal shift where individuals find fulfillment in single lifestyles rather than traditional family structures [15][17]. Future Outlook - Experts suggest that Japan may need to adapt its perspective on population decline, focusing on the potential benefits of a smaller population, such as higher employment rates and changes in work culture [41][47]. - The introduction of foreign labor could help mitigate workforce shortages, as Japan remains relatively open to foreign workers despite limited immigration policies [45][46]. Conclusion - Japan faces a critical demographic challenge with low birth rates and an aging population, prompting a reevaluation of societal norms and government strategies to address these issues [42][51].