Core Insights - The article discusses the impact of the U.S. imposing tariffs on India, which has unexpectedly strengthened the unity among BRICS nations, particularly with India aligning more closely with Russia and China [1][10]. Group 1: U.S. Tariff Impact - In August 2025, the U.S. announced a 25% additional tariff on Indian exports, raising the total tariff rate to 50%, significantly affecting India's textile, chip, and pharmaceutical industries [1][3]. - The Indian government responded by continuing to import oil from Russia and signaling its willingness to engage with China through participation in various initiatives [1][3]. Group 2: India's Diplomatic Shift - India's Ministry of External Affairs criticized the U.S. actions as "unfair" and indicated a shift towards a more independent foreign policy, distancing itself from the U.S. [3][12]. - India has shown a willingness to cooperate within the BRICS framework, participating actively in discussions and initiatives led by Brazil and China [5][6]. Group 3: China’s Response - China adopted a dual strategy of cooperation and control, signaling its willingness to support India while maintaining its own interests through actions like terminating anti-dumping investigations against Indian products [3][5]. - The Chinese government emphasized the importance of sincerity in cooperation, indicating that while collaboration is welcome, there are non-negotiable boundaries [8][10]. Group 4: BRICS Cooperation - The BRICS nations are moving towards a more coordinated economic alliance, with India transitioning from a passive participant to an active collaborator [6][12]. - Brazil's President Lula played a crucial role in initiating collective actions against U.S. tariffs, fostering a sense of unity among BRICS members [5][10]. Group 5: Future Prospects - The BRICS alliance is evolving into a platform for effective cooperation, with India no longer seen as a disruptive force but as a constructive participant [12]. - The dynamics of global south countries are shifting, as they redefine their roles and assert their interests in the face of U.S. policies [12].