撰文丨王聪 编辑丨王多鱼 排版丨水成文 淋巴结 （ Lymph Node， LN） 既能启动先天免疫防御以限制病原体扩散，又能驱动适应性免疫。然而，某些先天免疫反应可能抑制适应性免疫进程，这表明这 两者需要被精准调控。 近日，华盛顿大学医学院的研究人员在国际顶尖学术期刊 Cell 上发表了题为： Dendritic cells regulate the innate-adaptive balance in lymph nodes for optimal host defense 的研究论文。 该研究表明 ， 树突状细胞 （DC） 在炎症过程中协调先天免疫细胞的动态组织，充当着淋巴结 先天免疫 与 适应性免疫 功能的调控中枢，从而实现最佳宿主防 御。 在这项新研究中，研究团队发现，在感染或免疫接种后，淋巴结结构会发生快速重塑：中性粒细胞和单核细胞从炎症血管大规模极性化募集至淋巴结，同时自然 杀伤 （NK） 细胞在淋巴结内发生空间重排。 从机制上来说，树突状细胞 （DC） 通过表达炎症趋化因子和整合素配体来驱动这一过程。虽然这些树突状细胞驱动的先天免疫反应对于有效控制病原体是必需 的，但它们反而会限制早期适应性免 ...

Core Viewpoint - The study highlights the impact of gut microbiota dysbiosis induced by brain tumors on the efficacy of immunotherapy, suggesting that dietary supplementation with tryptophan can restore gut microbiota and significantly enhance the immune response through T cell circulation [2][11][14]. Group 1: Research Background - The influence of gut microbiota on various tumors, particularly gastrointestinal tumors, is recognized, but its effects on brain tumors remain largely unexplored [2][6]. - Glioblastoma (GBM) is known for its poor prognosis and limited survival rate improvements despite various treatments, attributed to unique characteristics of the tumor microenvironment [4][5]. Group 2: Research Findings - The research utilized a GBM mouse model and employed 16S rRNA sequencing to analyze changes in gut microbiota during tumor progression, finding that tryptophan supplementation could reverse these changes [9]. - Tryptophan supplementation not only restored gut microbiota balance but also significantly improved survival rates in mouse models and enhanced the effectiveness of immunotherapy [9][13]. Group 3: Key Microbial Insights - Among the gut bacteria responding positively to tryptophan, Duncaniella dubosii emerged as a key contributor to the immune modulation effects of tryptophan [10][13]. - The study emphasizes the potential of targeting gut microbiota modulation to improve cancer immunotherapy outcomes, particularly through mechanisms involving T cell regulation [14].