Summary of Conference Call Records Industry Overview - The conference call primarily discusses the optical module industry and advancements in related technologies, particularly focusing on the trends of "skill up" and "liquid cooling" in the AI and telecommunications sectors [1][2][4][21]. Key Points and Arguments 1. **Optical Module Demand Growth** - Continuous growth in optical module demand, with core suppliers like Zhongji Xuchuang and Xinyi Sheng actively increasing upstream material orders. The optimistic booking situation for Marvell's DSP260 is highlighted, indicating a tight supply of optical chips leading to price increases from upstream suppliers, which collectively enhance the market outlook for 2026 [1][2]. 2. **Increased GPU Interconnect Bandwidth Demand** - The demand for GPU interconnect bandwidth has significantly increased, with Nvidia's NVLink and Broadcom's Ethernet solutions competing fiercely. The single-card bandwidth has reached 7.2T and 6.4T respectively, resulting in an approximately 8-fold increase in fiber demand per card, tightly linking market capacity to GPU shipment volumes [1][4]. 3. **Domestic Progress in Switch Solutions and FPGA Chips** - Domestic manufacturers have made progress in switch solutions and self-developed FPGA chips, gradually moving towards domestic alternatives for Ethernet and PCIe technologies. Huawei showcased its AI Cloud cluster 384, while Tencent, Alibaba, and ByteDance launched solutions targeting the Sky network protocol [1][6][7]. 4. **Advancements in PCIe Technology** - Significant advancements in PCIe technology have been noted, with Broadcom and Extra Lab's PCIe 7.0 products expected to enter mass production between the second half of 2025 and the first half of 2026, achieving a single-channel rate of 128GT and doubling transmission efficiency through PAM-4 modulation [1][8]. 5. **Market Capacity Linked to GPU Shipments** - The market capacity for optical products is projected to be closely tied to GPU shipments, with an estimated annual demand of tens of millions of related products, potentially reaching a market scale of several billion dollars [1][5]. 6. **Impact of UA Link Alliance** - The establishment of the UA Link Alliance by major companies like AMD, Amazon, Google, Meta, and Microsoft aims to develop new interconnect technologies based on Ethernet, indicating a shift in networking protocols to support AI accelerators [3][11]. 7. **Performance of Major Telecom Operators** - Major telecom operators reported over 5% profit growth in the first half of the year, driven by AI developments that significantly boosted IDC business and AI-related revenues. The transition to cloud-based AI deployment is expected to further enhance growth [14][15]. 8. **Satellite Communication Developments** - The National Grid's plan to launch approximately 50 satellites has doubled its satellite count to around 100, improving market expectations for launch progress. Despite setbacks, such as the recent rocket explosion, the long-term outlook remains positive with continued support for satellite deployment [16][17]. 9. **Liquid Cooling Technology in AI** - Liquid cooling technology is gaining attention in the AI industry, with recent deployments of GB200, CB300, and NL72 cabinets catalyzing demand. Companies like Invec are expected to benefit significantly, as the cost of CDU components constitutes about 50% of the overall system cost [21]. Other Important Insights - The rapid advancements in optical and electrical interconnect technologies are crucial for meeting the increasing demands of AI and high-performance computing [4][5]. - The domestic industry's shift towards self-developed technologies and solutions reflects a strategic response to global trends and competitive pressures [6][10]. - The financial performance of telecom operators indicates a robust market environment, with AI-related services emerging as a new growth driver [14][15].