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什么是第四代住宅?能够满足人们哪些需求?一文读懂
Yang Shi Xin Wen· 2025-03-30 05:18
Core Concept - The concept of "Fourth Generation Housing" is gaining popularity, characterized by innovative designs and features that enhance living experiences, such as large terraces and flexible layouts [1][11]. Design Features - Fourth Generation Housing includes significant design innovations, such as large terraces (up to 25 square meters) that allow for outdoor gardening and recreational activities, enhancing the living environment [1][3]. - The layout typically features three-sided lighting, maximizing natural light and achieving a high usable area (approximately 90% usable space) [3][11]. - Flexible designs allow for the creation of independent guest suites, improving space utilization and privacy [5][13]. Community and Environment - Many Fourth Generation Housing projects incorporate extensive public green spaces, such as "forest gardens" and artificial lakes, providing residents with natural landscapes without needing to visit parks [7][11]. - The integration of outdoor spaces and community areas caters to diverse resident needs, promoting a sense of community and well-being [13][27]. Technological Innovations - New construction technologies, such as steel truss structures, enhance space efficiency and comfort, allowing for larger open areas compared to traditional designs [15][18]. - Features like large floor-to-ceiling windows improve natural light and outdoor views while maintaining privacy through specialized glass [16][19]. - The use of energy-efficient materials and green building technologies contributes to a more sustainable living environment [21][31]. Market Trends - Research indicates that over 70 new Fourth Generation Housing projects are expected to launch in key cities this year, reflecting a significant increase in demand [9][27]. - Local governments are actively supporting the development of Fourth Generation Housing through policy adjustments, such as changes in floor area ratio calculations and design incentives [26][29]. Challenges and Considerations - The design of Fourth Generation Housing must balance innovative features with practical living conditions, addressing potential issues like light obstruction from large terraces and noise transmission [23][25]. - Ongoing efforts are needed to establish standardized regulations for Fourth Generation Housing to ensure quality and safety across different regions [25][31].
中国的家务劳动者,困在4平米的厨房
36氪· 2025-03-22 15:49
Core Viewpoint - The design of kitchens in residential properties in China is lagging behind the evolving lifestyles of residents, leading to dissatisfaction with kitchen sizes and functionality [2][8][19]. Group 1: Kitchen Size and Design Issues - Many new residential properties feature kitchens that are disproportionately small compared to the overall living space, with over 70% of households having kitchens smaller than 7 square meters [8][10]. - The average kitchen size in new homes often fails to meet the needs of modern cooking practices, resulting in cramped and inefficient workspaces [6][11][16]. - Developers prioritize larger living areas over kitchen space, often adhering to minimum size regulations that do not reflect the actual needs of families [10][15][22]. Group 2: Changing Consumer Preferences - There is a shift in consumer demand from merely having a home to wanting a well-designed living space that accommodates modern cooking and social interactions [19][22]. - The concept of "good housing" is evolving, with an emphasis on human-centered design that enhances the functionality of kitchens and other essential spaces [17][19]. - The trend towards open kitchens is gaining traction, as consumers seek to create more interactive and social cooking environments [36][42]. Group 3: Cultural and Historical Context - The design of kitchens reflects broader societal attitudes towards domestic labor, often relegating kitchen users to less important roles compared to those in living areas [24][32]. - Historical perspectives on kitchen design, such as the evolution of open kitchens in the U.S., highlight the changing status of kitchen users and the importance of visibility and interaction in modern homes [27][30]. - Comparisons with Japanese residential design reveal a more balanced allocation of space for functional areas, suggesting potential pathways for improvement in Chinese kitchen design [32][33]. Group 4: Future Directions - The ongoing discussions about housing standards and design guidelines indicate a potential shift towards more thoughtful and user-friendly kitchen designs in future developments [17][19]. - As consumer preferences evolve, developers may need to adapt their designs to meet the demand for larger, more functional kitchens that facilitate family interaction and cooking as a social activity [19][36].