继国务院指导地方规范存量政府和社会资本合作（PPP）项目后，部分省份也根据本地实际情况出台具 体解决方案，这将有助于解决当前存量PPP项目遇到的诸多难题。 12月9日，云南省人民政府办公厅公开了《规范政府和社会资本合作存量项目建设和运营实施方案》 （下称《方案》），将在2026年6月底完成对全省PPP存量项目全面摸底排查，并建立"一项目一策"台 账和分类处理方案。到2027年底，基本解决PPP存量项目突出问题。目前云南省存量PPP项目投资额全 国领先。 PPP模式被认为有利于充分发挥市场机制作用，提升公共服务的供给质量和效率，实现公共利益最大 化。中国早在2014年大力推广PPP模式，各地PPP项目数量和投资额快速增长，虽改善了民生但野蛮生 长也带来不少问题。 因此2023年国务院出手规范了PPP模式，构建PPP新机制，将PPP模式范围缩窄至基于使用者付费特许 经营模式等。在这一PPP新机制下，原先PPP制度相继被废止，海量的存量PPP项目一度陷入困境。比 如银行等金融机构"不敢贷、不愿贷"，存量在建PPP项目融资困难。 为解决总投资额超10万亿元的存量PPP项目诸多问题，今年8月20日，国务院办公厅转发财政 ...

Core Viewpoint - The State Council's recent guidance aims to standardize the construction and operation of existing government and social capital cooperation (PPP) projects, enhancing project quality and public service levels while addressing issues arising from the previous enthusiasm for PPP models since 2014 [1][2]. Group 1: Government's Role and Responsibilities - Local governments must prioritize projects based on economic and social development needs, project nature, and financial capacity, focusing on those with potential returns while ensuring project completion [2][3]. - The guidance emphasizes the importance of local government debt management, mandating that any debt incurred through government bonds must not exceed legal limits to ensure fiscal safety and sustainability [3]. Group 2: Efficiency and Effectiveness - The concept of "double effectiveness" (efficiency and effectiveness) is crucial, as projects lacking these qualities may become burdensome. The government is encouraged to halt superficial projects that do not yield tangible benefits [4]. - The guidance promotes a risk-sharing mechanism and performance-based payment system, compelling social capital to enhance operational capabilities and encouraging investors to carefully evaluate project viability from the outset [4]. Group 3: Commitment and Accountability - The principle of "one promise" is vital for maintaining the credibility of local governments, ensuring that commitments to social capital are honored unless there is clear evidence of default or illegal actions [5][6]. - Local governments are required to fulfill contractual obligations for operational projects, including timely budget management and performance-based payments, while addressing issues related to insufficient payments and financing challenges on a case-by-case basis [5][6].