Core Viewpoint - The article discusses China's recent adjustments to its export control regulations, particularly in response to the ongoing trade tensions with the United States and the European Union, indicating a strategic shift to strengthen its position in the global market [1][4]. Group 1: Export Control Adjustments - The Ministry of Commerce and the Ministry of Science and Technology in China released a new "Catalog of Technologies Prohibited and Restricted from Export," which includes new restrictions on battery cathode material preparation technology and modifications to existing restrictions on non-ferrous metal metallurgy technology [1][4]. - A clear distinction has been made regarding technologies that are prohibited from export and those that are restricted, which require permission for export [4]. Group 2: Strategic Implications - China's adjustments signal its readiness for a prolonged trade conflict, as the U.S. and Western countries have faced significant impacts from China's export controls, leading to a preliminary trade framework agreement between China and the U.S. [5]. - The necessity for China to prepare for a comprehensive trade agreement with the U.S. is emphasized, as many details remain to be negotiated, and external pressures from the U.S. on other countries to isolate China could pose risks [7][9]. Group 3: Diplomatic Efforts - China's Foreign Minister Wang Yi has been actively visiting Europe and ASEAN countries, which are crucial trade partners, to strengthen alliances amid the trade tensions [9]. - Despite the EU's initial response to the U.S. tariffs, it is anticipated that they may ultimately compromise, while China is encouraged to pursue one-on-one cooperation with individual EU member states [10]. Group 4: Strategic Resource Management - By tightening export controls on battery technology, China aims to leverage its position in negotiations with Europe, particularly in the electric vehicle sector, while also countering Western supply chain restructuring efforts [12]. - The article highlights the potential vulnerability of the U.S. and Europe regarding lithium resources, suggesting that China's technology export restrictions could undermine the so-called "critical mineral alliance" [12].

Core Viewpoint - The adjustment of the "Catalog of Technologies Prohibited and Restricted from Export" aims to enhance China's economic security and development interests while promoting international economic and technological cooperation [2]. Group 1: Background and Main Considerations - The adjustment of the catalog is in accordance with the Foreign Trade Law and the Technology Import and Export Management Regulations of the People's Republic of China [2]. - The catalog was first published in 2001 and has undergone several revisions in 2008, 2020, and 2023 to adapt to changes in technology development [2]. - The adjustment reflects China's commitment to high-level opening-up and facilitating the orderly cross-border flow of innovative factors [2]. Group 2: Main Adjustments in the Catalog - Three technology items were deleted, one new item was added, and one item was modified during the adjustment process [3]. - The deleted items include one prohibited technology related to traditional Chinese architecture and two restricted technologies concerning building environment control [3]. - A new restricted technology item was added for battery cathode material preparation, including three control points for lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganese iron phosphate, and phosphate-based raw materials [3]. - The modification of the restricted technology item for non-ferrous metal metallurgy includes five new control points related to lithium extraction technologies and adjustments to gallium extraction technology [3]. Group 3: Compliance and Management Measures - Technology export is defined as the transfer of technology from within China to overseas through trade, investment, or economic and technological cooperation [4]. - Technologies listed as prohibited cannot be exported, while restricted technologies require a license for export [4]. - The Ministry of Commerce will optimize management measures and improve export licensing and contract registration procedures to assist enterprises in compliance [4].

Core Viewpoint - The Ministry of Commerce and the Ministry of Science and Technology of China have adjusted the "Catalog of Technologies Prohibited and Restricted from Export," which includes the deletion, addition, and modification of specific technology items to promote global sharing and development in the construction and battery materials sectors [1]. Summary by Sections Deletions - Three technology items have been deleted from the catalog, including one prohibited technology related to traditional Chinese architectural techniques and two restricted technologies concerning building environment control, facilitating the global sharing of Chinese architectural technology achievements [1]. Additions - One new restricted technology item has been added, specifically concerning the preparation technology for battery cathode materials. This includes three control points: preparation technology for lithium iron phosphate, preparation technology for lithium manganese iron phosphate, and preparation technology for phosphate-based cathode raw materials. This addition aims to better coordinate development and safety in sensitive fields [1]. Modifications - One restricted technology item has been modified, specifically in the area of non-ferrous metal metallurgy technology. Five new control points have been added, including lithium extraction from spodumene to produce lithium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, and lithium metal (alloy) preparation technologies, as well as lithium extraction from brine and lithium purification liquid preparation technologies. The control points for gallium extraction technology have also been revised, reflecting changes in technological development [1].