Core Insights - Hu Hailan, a professor at Zhejiang University, was elected as an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in the life sciences and medicine division, recognized for her work in understanding emotions, social behavior, and mental disorders from a molecular genetics perspective [2][4] - Hu Hailan was also featured in Cell Press's "50 Scientists that Inspire" series, celebrating her contributions to science and encouraging aspiring scientists to embrace new challenges for personal and professional growth [2][4] Group 1: Achievements and Recognition - Hu Hailan has received numerous awards, including the 12th IBRO-Kemali International Prize and the World Outstanding Woman Scientist Award, highlighting her significant contributions to neuroscience [4] - The "50 Scientists that Inspire" series by Cell Press aims to provide insights into the lives and hopes of influential scientists, with 14 of the featured scientists being of Chinese descent [2][4] Group 2: Research Focus - Hu Hailan's laboratory primarily investigates the molecular and neural circuit mechanisms underlying social behavior and mental disorders, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary approaches in scientific research [4][10] - Current research interests include the mechanisms of rapid-acting psychiatric drugs, which offer unique opportunities to study the fundamental brain mechanisms of mental disorders [10] Group 3: Personal Insights and Advice - Hu Hailan encourages aspiring scientists to explore various disciplines early in their careers, as diverse experiences can lead to creativity and innovation in scientific exploration [11][12] - She emphasizes the importance of balancing research work with administrative responsibilities, advocating for open communication and collaboration within teams [9] Group 4: Future Perspectives - Looking ahead, Hu Hailan envisions a transformative era in neuroscience and medicine, similar to advancements seen in cancer treatment, with the potential for effective treatments for debilitating brain diseases [13]

大脑功能的实现，依赖于神经元之间高效而精准的 突触传递 。当动作电位到达突触前终端时，突触囊泡释 放神经递质实现信号的跨神经元传递。 20 世纪 50 年代，伯纳德·卡茨 （Bernard Katz） 提出了突触传递过程中神经递质的 量子化释放 假说，奠 定了神经信息传递的细胞机制基础。至 1970 年代初，学界逐渐形成两种对立的突触囊泡释放模型： 全融 合 （Full-collapse） 和 亲吻-逃逸 （Kiss-and-run） 。 然而，由于囊泡释放过程发生在毫秒时间尺度、结构变化处于纳米空间尺度，技术手段的局限，使得关于这 两种模型的争议长期悬而未决，成为困扰神经科学领域半个世纪的难题。 2025 年 10 月 17 日，中国科学技术大学 /中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 脑认知与脑疾病研究所/深港脑 科学创新研究院 毕国强 、 刘北明 、 陶长路 团队，联合加州大学洛杉矶分校 周正洪 团队，在国际顶尖学 术期刊 Science 上发表了题为： "Kiss-shrink-run" unifies mechanisms for synaptic vesicle exocytosis and hyperf ...

记者从中国科学技术大学获悉，该校毕国强教授团队通过自主研发的毫秒级时间分辨冷冻电镜技术，揭示出大脑高效传递信息的"微观密码"，解决了神经科 学领域长达半个世纪的关键争议。《科学》杂志发表了这项神经科学领域的突破性研究成果。 1 4 Page Transmit t 2017 Street Pro � or and and the state t 11:50 e 10 the first t the state the st the start n 2017 gifts t 100 a 1987 120 and t 11:20 the state the state Special e and the state 大脑功能的实现，依赖于数千亿个神经元之间高效、精准的突触传递，突触囊泡作为神经递质的载体，其释放机制一直是神经科学领域的重要问题。自20世 纪70年代以来，科学界围绕囊泡释放机制形成了"全融合"与"亲吻—逃逸"两种对立模型，但由于囊泡释放过程发生在毫秒时间尺度、结构变化处于纳米空间 尺度，传统技术难以捕捉其瞬时动态，使这一争议困扰神经科学领域长达五十年之久。 为攻克这一难题，中国科大毕国强教授团队联合国 ...

中外团队开发毫秒级成像技术 揭示大脑"微观密码" 这一成果为深入理解神经信息加工以及相关脑功能和疾病机理提供了全新视角。(完) 来源：中国新闻网 编辑：张嘉怡 大脑功能的实现，依赖于数千亿个神经元之间高效、精准的突触传递，突触囊泡作为神经递质的载体， 其释放机制一直是神经科学领域的重要问题。 为攻克这一难题，毕国强教授团队联合多个中外团队，经过十五年的持续科研攻关，开发具有毫秒时间 分辨的原位冷冻电镜技术，实现了对神经元突触传递过程的毫秒级"动态定格"。 在具体实验中，科研人员经过一系列的精准控制，得以在囊泡释放的不同阶段捕获其结构快照。再基于 上千套高分辨率三维结构数据的系统分析，他们发现囊泡释放与快速回收是一个可分为三阶段的动态过 程：囊泡首先与突触前膜形成纳米级融合孔("亲吻")，随后迅速收缩为表面积减半的小囊泡("收缩")， 最终大部分囊泡以"逃逸"方式回收，少数发生"全融合"。 "这个中间收缩是一个关键"，毕国强解释道，"为神经突触实现高效、高保真信号传递提供了结构基 础"。 《科学》审稿人称"这是一项卓越的研究，提供了富有洞察力的视角"。 中新社合肥10月17日电 (记者 吴兰)17日，国际知名学 ...

Core Insights - The article discusses the perception of time in the human brain, suggesting that it is not reliant on an internal clock but rather on interactions with the environment and behaviors [1][17][39] - David Robbe's research indicates that animals, such as rats, develop motor routines to estimate time, which aligns with Henri Bergson's philosophical concepts of time and memory [17][22][39] Group 1: David Robbe's Research - David Robbe conducts experiments to explore how the striatum in the brain may represent time perception through motor control [17][18] - In a treadmill experiment, rats exhibited superstitious behaviors to estimate time, indicating they do not have a true concept of time but rely on learned motor sequences [18][21] - The findings suggest that animals measure time through actions rather than an internal understanding, contrasting with human time perception [37][39] Group 2: Henri Bergson's Philosophy - Henri Bergson's ideas on time, particularly the concept of "durée," emphasize the qualitative, continuous flow of time as opposed to a quantifiable measure [27][39] - Bergson argues that our misunderstanding of time arises from spatializing it, which aligns with Robbe's findings that rats spatialize their actions to estimate time [22][29] - The article highlights the relevance of Bergson's philosophy in understanding the limitations of scientific approaches to time and consciousness [46][48] Group 3: Implications for Science and AI - The discussion raises questions about the nature of time in artificial intelligence, suggesting that AI lacks the continuous, subjective experience of time that living beings possess [41][42] - The article posits that the understanding of time and memory in neuroscience could benefit from integrating philosophical insights, particularly those of Bergson [46][48] - It emphasizes the need for a cross-disciplinary approach to explore the complexities of time perception and consciousness [48]

2025.04. 12 本文字数：851，阅读时长大约1分钟 作者 | 第一财经 钱童心 郭爱克院士治丧工作小组发布讣告称，中国科学院院士、国际著名神经科学家和生物物理学家、中国 科学院大学教授郭爱克因病医治无效，于2025年4月10日14时18分在浙江杭州逝世，享年85岁。 中国科学院脑科学与智能技术卓越创新中心方面向第一财经记者表示，郭爱克近日在桐乡参加学术会 议期间，突然在浴室晕倒，在送往杭州浙大二院后，因心脏骤停救治无效去世。 学界对此感到震惊和悲痛。中国科学院神经所一位郭爱克生前的同事对第一财经记者表示："郭院士 人特别好，对于学术会议的邀请也总是有求必应。" 郭爱克曾先后在中国科学院生物物理研究所、中国科学院脑科学与智能技术卓越创新中心等机构工 作。他长期致力于神经科学前沿探索，在学习记忆、注意抉择及神经计算与控制等脑认知领域取得了 一系列原创性成果。 郭爱克还引领了在"基因-脑-行为"框架下系统解析智力本质的研究，推动了空间亚磁环境影响脑认知 功能的探索，促进了我国神经行为学、集群仿生学和微观神经联结组等多项智能交叉领域的布局与建 设。 2020年至2025年，郭爱克受聘上海大学脑-智科学院士工 ...