中国在西方的挑战下，必须从帝国文明转变为民族国家时，传统体育成为此一大转型的重大阻碍。 传统中国不乏武术、蹴鞠、马球等鲜活的体育活动，为何近代竟背负起"东亚病夫"的标签？香港大学中国跨国史 研究院创院院长徐国琦的新书《体育作为方法：另一个角度看中国文明传统》不仅仅谈论体育，更是一部体育的 文化史、文明史和文化交流史。它以独特的体育视角，深入梳理中国与世界在文化、社会层面的互动与交融，为 读者打开了一扇理解"中国性"如何全球化的窗口。经出版社授权，第一财经节选《古代中国人的体育悖论》一 章，以飨读者。标题为编者改写。 传统中国没有现代的"体育"观念，今天广泛使用的"体育"二字，是19世纪末从日本引进的外来词。这就构成一个 发人深思的悖论，中华传统的体育、游戏因此能够相当程度地体现中国自身的文化和文明特色，至少和"中国 性"的构建息息相关。对此展开研究，可以帮助我们理解中国古人在身体、性别、战略、审美等方面的认识和实 践。更重要的是，可以让我们追根溯源，探究何谓中国、何谓中国人的重要课题。 本书涉及的题目，包括一般意义上的体育，比如武术等。也涵盖所谓的游戏，如围棋、麻将等。因为传统中国体 育并不侧重身体的发展，而 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the historical significance of "Red Sports" in China, particularly during the Anti-Japanese War and the establishment of the People's Republic of China, emphasizing its role in promoting physical fitness and national unity [1][19]. Historical Context - This year marks the 104th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China and the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Anti-Japanese War, providing a unique historical backdrop for the discussion of Red Sports [1]. - The Red Sports movement is seen as a vital part of the Communist Party's history and a means of passing down revolutionary ideals [13]. Development of Red Sports - The article discusses the origins of Red Sports, tracing back to Mao Zedong's 1917 article "Research on Sports," which laid the foundation for the movement [3][4]. - During the Land Revolution War, sports such as basketball, athletics, and gymnastics were promoted in the Central Soviet Area, focusing on the participation of the working class [6]. Key Events - The "August 1" Anti-Japanese Mobilization Sports Conference held in Yan'an in 1937 was not only a sports competition but also a rallying point for the war effort [8]. - The "September 1" Expanded Sports Meeting in Yan'an in 1942 attracted over 1,300 athletes, marking it as the largest sports event organized by the Party during that period [10]. Cultural Impact - The Red Sports movement contributed to the cultural life of the base areas during the war, enriching the community's spirit and resilience [12][19]. - Awards during these events often included practical items like shoes and soap, reflecting the social conditions of the time and the optimistic spirit of the people [12]. Legacy and Future - The legacy of Red Sports continues to influence contemporary Chinese sports, with the spirit of perseverance and teamwork being integral to the development of the sports industry [13][19]. - The article concludes that Red Sports will continue to play an essential role in shaping the future of sports in China, with new chapters being written by future generations [19].