Core Insights - The Kizil Grottoes, one of the earliest large-scale grottoes in China, face significant challenges in preserving their murals due to natural erosion and human damage, with nearly 500 square meters of murals having been looted by Western explorers in the late 19th and early 20th centuries [1][2] Group 1: Preservation Efforts - The Kizil Grottoes currently have 349 caves, with 107 containing murals that cover nearly 4,000 square meters [1] - A significant restoration project has been undertaken, where from 2002 to 2016, 487 high-definition images of murals were collected from over 20 foreign museums, leading to the publication of a comprehensive research volume titled "Research on the Restoration of Kizil Grotto Murals" [2] - Modern technology, including terahertz and X-ray imaging, is being utilized to identify and restore damaged murals, particularly in Cave 161, where severe smoke damage obscured the original images [2][3] Group 2: Technological Innovations - The Zhejiang University team has successfully identified key elements of the murals in Cave 161, including a typical Kucha style design, using non-destructive testing methods [3] - Digital restoration efforts are ongoing for Cave 38, where artificial intelligence is being employed to recognize and complete missing parts of the murals, paving the way for new digital preservation techniques [3] - The integration of modern technology into the preservation of the Kizil Grottoes signifies a blend of tradition and innovation, ensuring the longevity of these ancient artworks [3]