【环球时报驻巴西特派记者 时元皓】巴西交通运输部8日在社交平台X上宣布，巴西和中国签署谅解备 忘录，将启动对"两洋铁路"建设的研究和规划。 巴西交通运输部在X上写道："该项目（两洋铁路）将巴西与秘鲁钱凯港联系起来，旨在通过跨洋航线 为向亚洲出口提供便利，减少物流时间和成本。"据巴西官方介绍，这条横跨南美大陆的铁路全长约 6500公里，其中已建成2600公里。巴西交通运输部称，"两洋铁路"能够将向亚洲运输货物的时间最多缩 短10天。 据巴西媒体报道，该谅解备忘录由巴西交通运输部下属的Infra S.A公司与中国国家铁路集团有限公司旗 下企业中国铁路经济规划研究院有限公司签署。该线路的成本和最终路线目前未定，初步研究将评估利 用巴西现有铁路段的可能性。 巴西交通运输部国家铁路运输秘书里贝罗表示，该倡议是"战略性举措"，也是"拉近大洲距离的技术和 外交举措"，"巴西正在与世界上最优秀的国家建立重要的合作伙伴关系，以解决我们的交通基础设施瓶 颈问题。"里贝罗说。 据里贝罗介绍，早在2015年至2016年间，"两洋铁路"的研究就已经展开，但由于当时的政治和经济形 势，该项目未能推进。现在政府认为技术更加成熟，基础设施更 ...

Core Viewpoint - The rise of the Chancay Port is becoming a new engine for the economy of Peru, Latin America, and trade growth with China, with significant economic benefits and job creation expected from its operation [1][13]. Group 1: Economic Impact - The Chancay Port project is expected to generate approximately $4.5 billion in economic benefits annually for Peru, accounting for 1.8% of its GDP, and create around 7,000 direct and indirect jobs [1]. - The port will reduce shipping time from Peru to Asia from 35 days to 25 days, significantly lowering logistics costs and enhancing the competitiveness of Peruvian exports in international markets [1]. Group 2: Trade Relations - Peru's exports to China are primarily agricultural products, and the Asian market is becoming a major destination for these exports [3]. - In 2024, Peru's total exports are projected to reach $74.664 billion, a year-on-year increase of 15.6%, with exports accounting for 26.2% of GDP [7]. - China has been Peru's largest trading partner for ten consecutive years, with bilateral trade totaling $39.758 billion in 2024, a 10.9% increase year-on-year [8]. Group 3: Infrastructure Development - The Chancay Port is part of a broader infrastructure initiative, with discussions ongoing between Brazil and China to build a railway connecting the port to Brazil, which would shorten shipping distances significantly [10][11]. - The proposed railway, known as the "Two Oceans Railway," aims to connect the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of South America, enhancing trade efficiency and potentially increasing Brazil's export capacity by 15% to 20% [11][12]. Group 4: Regional Cooperation - The Chancay Port is seen as a strategic hub for regional countries, with Peru, Chile, and Ecuador forming a collective to facilitate direct trade routes to China [3]. - Brazil's northeastern region, which has significant renewable energy resources, is particularly focused on leveraging the Chancay Port for economic development and trade expansion [9]. Group 5: Investment Environment - Peru's political stability and focus on economic recovery, infrastructure, and digital transformation make it an attractive destination for foreign investment, particularly from China [5][6]. - The country has a diverse economy with a GDP of $271.2 billion in 2024, supported by mining, agriculture, and fisheries, and offers a favorable investment climate with low restrictions on foreign capital [5][6].