9月，中国人民银行与欧央行、瑞士央行、匈牙利央行续签双边本币互换协议；8月18日，与泰国银行续 签双边本币互换协议；5月13日，与巴西央行续签双边本币互换协议……近年来，中国人民银行持续深 化对外货币金融合作，稳步推进双边本币互换。据统计，今年内中国人民银行已与8家外国央行签署 （含续签）了双边本币互换协议。 什么是本币互换？我国当前本币互换情况如何？越来越多的本币互换协议，将为经济发展带来哪些影 响？针对社会关注的问题，记者采访了上海金融与发展实验室副主任、招联首席研究员董希淼。 问：什么是本币互换？为什么要进行本币互换？ 答：双边本币互换是指两国（地区）的中央银行（货币当局）在互信基础上建立的一种有抵押的融资安 排，一方以本币为质押，获取另一方等值货币。 为了方便理解，我们可以把本币互换想象成央行之间开立的一张"货币信用卡"。比如中欧双方签订本币 互换协议后，当欧洲的银行需要人民币给企业支付从中国进口的货款时，欧央行就可以动用这张"信用 卡"，用即时汇率从中国人民银行换取人民币，到期之后，双方再按原汇率换回货币并支付少量利息。 双边本币互换在维护金融稳定、提供流动性支持、支持双边贸易和投资等多方面发挥着积 ...

Group 1 - The People's Bank of China (PBOC) and the Central Bank of Turkey have renewed a bilateral currency swap agreement with a scale of 35 billion RMB / 189 billion Turkish Lira, valid for three years and extendable by mutual consent [1] - The PBOC has signed bilateral currency swap agreements with 32 countries and regions, with a total scale of approximately 4.5 trillion RMB, which plays a positive role in maintaining global financial stability and supporting bilateral trade and investment [1] - The currency swap agreement helps promote bilateral trade development between China and its trading partners while effectively reducing exchange rate fluctuation risks [1] Group 2 - On the same day, the PBOC and the Central Bank of Turkey signed a memorandum of cooperation to establish a Renminbi clearing arrangement in Turkey, marking a new stage in financial cooperation between the two countries [2] - The Renminbi clearing arrangement is designed to facilitate cross-border settlements in local currencies for enterprises and financial institutions, further promoting trade and investment [2] - The PBOC has authorized 34 Renminbi clearing banks in 32 countries, covering major global economies, to support the development of local Renminbi business [2] Group 3 - Renminbi clearing banks provide funding clearing services for foreign financial institutions and can directly participate in domestic foreign exchange, interbank lending, and bond markets, offering Renminbi assets and liquidity [3] - These banks serve as important channels for transmitting Renminbi policies and business rules to local enterprises and financial institutions, helping them seize market opportunities and reduce business risks [3] - Renminbi clearing banks can actively participate in local foreign exchange and bond markets, issuing and innovating Renminbi-denominated financial products to enhance offshore trading [3] Group 4 - Renminbi clearing banks enhance cross-border Renminbi service capabilities and clearing efficiency, meeting the local currency settlement needs of enterprises in bilateral trade and investment activities [4] - As of the end of 2024, the number of foreign financial institutions with clearing accounts at Renminbi clearing banks has exceeded 1,000, indicating widespread acceptance and recognition [4] - The China Bank's 2025 "White Paper on Renminbi Internationalization" states that improved financial market connectivity will facilitate the cross-border circulation of Renminbi and optimize asset allocation [4]