故宫博物院藏北宋汝窑淡天青釉弦纹三足樽式炉。 曹程杰摄 流行歌曲《青花瓷》中，"天青色等烟雨"一句，以音乐为媒介，将"青花瓷""天青色""烟雨"等意象巧妙 联结，唱出了中国传统文化与陶瓷工艺的融合之美。近日，有读者询问："等烟雨"的"天青色"有多美？ "天青色等烟雨"的灵感来源于这样的记载："（柴窑瓷器）世传柴世宗时烧造，所司请其色，御批 云：'雨过青天云破处，这般颜色做将来。'" "雨过青天"所指实为大雨初歇、天空渐朗时，云霭方散，尘埃尽洗，天宇呈现出一片纯净、通透而深邃 的湛蓝色调。"云破处"则生动捕捉了乌云裂隙中天光微露的刹那景象，动静交融。"这般颜色做将来"则 是明确的工艺指令——要求以这一瞬天色为范本烧制瓷器。 不过，真正显天青色的汝窑极少，多数仍偏绿调，这与汝窑的呈色机制有关。 汝窑釉属析晶—分相釉，呈色为化学与物理机制共同作用。化学上，釉中氧化铁在还原焰中部分转化为 氧化亚铁，呈青绿色调；物理上，釉内结构可对光线产生散射。配方、烧成温度与气氛控制都会影响最 终呈色，"恰如其分"至为难得。 需指出的是，尽管"天青色"这个颜色是雨霁之天色，需要"等烟雨"，但陶瓷烧造却不适合在烟雨天气进 行。雨天湿度 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the significance of Ru kiln in Chinese ceramic history, emphasizing its exquisite craftsmanship and aesthetic value, which has been revived and preserved in modern times through dedicated efforts by researchers and artisans [1][9]. Group 1: Historical Significance - Ru kiln, known for its complex firing techniques and beautiful "sky blue" glaze, is regarded as the foremost among the "Five Famous Kilns" of the Song Dynasty, holding a prominent place in the history of Chinese ceramics [1]. - The Ru kiln is named after Ruzhou, which was rich in the raw materials necessary for porcelain production, reflecting the prosperity of the ceramic industry during that era [5]. - The discovery of the Baofeng Qingliang Temple Ru kiln site in 1987 showcases the peak craftsmanship of the Chinese porcelain industry during the Northern Song Dynasty [5]. Group 2: Craftsmanship and Techniques - Traditional Ru kiln production involves meticulous selection of raw materials, including local kaolin and clay, and the addition of minerals like agate to the glaze, resulting in a unique aesthetic quality [7]. - The firing process, characterized by full glaze and support pin firing methods, allows for a complete glaze coverage, creating the signature lustrous and light-changing qualities of Ru porcelain [7]. - The phrase "after the rain, the sky blue breaks through" epitomizes the aesthetic standard of Ru kiln glazes, elevating its artistic value [7]. Group 3: Modern Revival and Innovation - After the establishment of New China, the Ru porcelain technique was successfully revived in the 1980s, with the sky blue glaze being reintroduced [9]. - In 2011, the Ru porcelain firing technique was included in the third batch of national intangible cultural heritage lists, highlighting its cultural importance [9]. - Modern Ru kiln products have evolved in design and functionality to meet contemporary aesthetic and practical needs, making Ru porcelain accessible for everyday use [11]. - Initiatives such as establishing ceramic towns and intangible cultural heritage studios aim to attract artisans and young people, ensuring the living transmission of porcelain-making techniques [11].