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焦点访谈|不断推进海洋生态保护修复 共同守护人海和谐的蓝色家园
Yang Shi Wang· 2025-06-08 13:28
Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of marine ecosystems for humanity and highlights China's efforts in marine ecological protection and restoration, particularly focusing on seagrass bed restoration projects [1][3]. Marine Ecosystem Restoration - The theme for this year's National Marine Promotion Day is "Protecting Marine Ecosystems for Harmonious Coexistence between Humans and Nature" [1]. - China has implemented various marine ecological protection and restoration projects using both natural recovery and artificial restoration methods [1]. - The seagrass bed in Caofeidian, known as the "underwater grassland," has been restored over six years, covering more than 900 hectares [1][3]. Seagrass Bed Importance - Seagrass beds stabilize seabed sediments and provide habitats for marine life, playing a crucial role in maintaining biodiversity and water quality [3]. - The Caofeidian seagrass bed, the largest contiguous seagrass area in China, faced degradation due to increased mechanized clam harvesting and destructive fishing gear [3][5]. Restoration Challenges and Progress - Initial restoration efforts faced challenges due to a lack of experience and difficulties in collecting and planting seagrass seedlings [5]. - The first phase of the restoration project successfully restored approximately 300 hectares with a survival rate of over 60% [5]. - The second phase, initiated in 2022, focused on areas with little to no seagrass growth, resulting in the restoration of over 600 hectares, bringing the total to 938 hectares [5][7]. Ecological Impact - The restoration has led to significant improvements in marine biodiversity, with the number of benthic species increasing from 60 to 111, an 85% increase [7]. - The water quality in the area has stabilized at Class II or above, indicating a healthier marine environment [7]. National Policies and Support - Marine ecological restoration, including seagrass bed protection, is included in national plans such as the "14th Five-Year Plan for Marine Ecological Protection and Restoration" [7]. - Central government funding has supported major projects, including the restoration of 1,180 hectares of seagrass beds since the start of the "14th Five-Year Plan" [7]. Broader Marine Ecosystem Initiatives - The article also discusses the restoration of mangroves and coral reefs, which are critical marine ecosystems alongside seagrass beds [9]. - In Hainan, efforts to restore mangroves have led to significant ecological improvements and economic benefits for local communities through eco-tourism [13][14].