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柑橘为什么越来越好吃(唠“科”)
Ren Min Ri Bao· 2025-07-04 21:56
Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the advancements in citrus breeding technology that have led to the development of more flavorful and nutritious citrus varieties, transforming the market availability of fresh citrus fruits throughout the year [2][3]. Group 1: Citrus Breeding Technology - Traditional breeding methods involve selecting superior plants from various regions, followed by cross-pollination and extensive evaluation of hybrid offspring to identify desirable traits [2]. - Advanced techniques such as embryo grafting have significantly reduced the time required for hybrid varieties to flower and bear fruit, shortening the breeding cycle to just three to five years [2]. - The development of genomic and phenomic technologies has led to the creation of a citrus "chip," which allows for the identification of over 40,000 core genetic markers from more than 300 representative citrus germplasm resources [2][3]. Group 2: Genetic Editing and Future Prospects - The citrus breeding process has been enhanced by gene editing technologies, specifically the CRISPR-Cas9 system, which allows for precise modifications of genetic material to improve traits such as disease resistance and fruit quality [3][4]. - Theoretically, it is possible to concentrate desirable traits such as high sweetness, juiciness, vitamin content, and high yield into a single variety, although these new varieties are currently limited to laboratory research and not yet available in the market [4]. - With the support of new technologies, the industry anticipates the continuous introduction of tastier and healthier citrus varieties, enhancing consumer experience [5].