Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the cultural significance and artistic value of Chao embroidery, a prominent branch of Cantonese embroidery, emphasizing its historical roots, unique techniques, and current revival efforts in the context of regional trade and cultural exchange with Xinjiang [1][42]. Group 1: Historical Background - Chao embroidery has a rich history, with its origins linked to the Tang Dynasty, where the use of gold thread became prominent due to the popularity of Buddhism [20][21]. - By the Qing Dynasty, Chao embroidery gained international recognition, particularly in Europe, and reached its peak in the 1960s and 1970s, with over 100,000 practitioners and an output exceeding 100 million yuan [29][30]. - The art form reflects local folklore and historical changes, showcasing a wide range of themes from mythology to nature [16][18]. Group 2: Artistic Techniques - Chao embroidery is characterized by its intricate techniques, with over 200 different stitching methods, including shape stitching and decorative stitching [34][36]. - A distinctive feature of Chao embroidery is the raised stitching technique, which creates a three-dimensional effect by layering cotton and using gold velvet threads [36][40]. - The embroidery can be categorized into various styles based on materials, such as plush embroidery and gold-thread embroidery, each possessing unique artistic charm [38][40]. Group 3: Current Developments - Chao embroidery was recognized as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2006, leading to increased efforts in preservation and promotion [42][44]. - The city of Chaozhou has been actively mobilizing resources to support the protection and transmission of Chao embroidery, resulting in a notable number of recognized heritage practitioners [44]. - The collaboration between Chao embroidery and Xinjiang's unique textile arts presents new opportunities for cultural exchange and artistic innovation [45][46].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the rich history and cultural significance of Cantonese embroidery (Yuexiu), emphasizing its unique techniques and the efforts to preserve and innovate this traditional art form in modern times [1][3][4]. Group 1: Historical Background - Cantonese embroidery has a history dating back to the Tang Dynasty, with notable early examples including a skilled embroiderer who could stitch the "Lotus Sutra" on a small piece of silk [1]. - During the Qing Dynasty, Cantonese embroidery became a significant trade item along the Maritime Silk Road, with a large volume of products exported from Guangzhou [1]. Group 2: Artistic Techniques - Yuexiu is known for its rich colors, clear textures, and harmonious light and shadow, often depicting traditional elements like dragons and peonies, as well as local flora and fauna [1][3]. - The embroidery techniques include various needle methods, such as the "chicken needle" and "penetrating needle," which enhance the liveliness and texture of the designs [2][4]. Group 3: Preservation and Innovation - Efforts to preserve Cantonese embroidery include the creation of embroidery technique cards summarizing various needle methods, led by 93-year-old master Xu Chiguang [4]. - Recent initiatives in Guangdong involve establishing intangible cultural heritage bases, conducting training programs, and integrating Yuexiu elements into modern fashion and home products, thereby increasing its visibility and relevance in contemporary life [4].