环境DNA技术

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深读|环境DNA技术实现朱鹮监测“从无形到有形”转变
Zhong Guo Huan Jing Bao· 2025-04-24 01:49
Core Viewpoint - The application of environmental DNA (eDNA) technology for monitoring the endangered crested ibis in China represents a significant breakthrough, providing a new method for precise and efficient monitoring of this species and potentially other endangered species [1][19]. Group 1: Environmental DNA Technology - The research team from the Shaanxi Provincial Environmental Monitoring Center has successfully implemented eDNA technology to monitor the crested ibis by collecting air samples to detect residual DNA, overcoming the limitations of traditional monitoring methods [1][12]. - The eDNA sampling process involves capturing air samples that may contain particles from the crested ibis, such as feces and feather fragments, allowing for non-invasive monitoring [3][5]. - The team has established a genetic database for the crested ibis by collecting environmental samples and natural shedding materials, which aids in the design of specific primers for targeted monitoring [5][8]. Group 2: Monitoring Process and Results - The monitoring process includes setting up sampling points in key areas such as breeding, foraging, and migratory stopovers, with a systematic approach to ensure representative and scientifically valid samples [12][14]. - The team has successfully detected crested ibis DNA from air samples at 21 out of 22 sampling points, indicating the effectiveness of air as a monitoring medium compared to water and soil [14][15]. - The concentration of crested ibis DNA detected in air samples was approximately 37 DNA sequences per microliter, significantly higher than in soil and water samples, highlighting the advantages of air sampling for this species [14][15]. Group 3: Future Implications and Applications - The integration of eDNA technology into the monitoring framework for the crested ibis is expected to enhance the understanding of its population dynamics and distribution, supporting conservation efforts [19][21]. - This innovative approach not only benefits the crested ibis but also sets a precedent for the monitoring of other endangered species, contributing to broader conservation strategies [21]. - The collaboration of various monitoring methods, including traditional techniques and GPS tracking, is emphasized as essential for achieving comprehensive and effective monitoring of the crested ibis population [20][21].