Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the insights of H.-S. Philip Wong, TSMC's Chief Scientist, on the future of semiconductor technology and the challenges posed by U.S. policies towards China’s semiconductor industry [1][2]. Group 1: Background of H.-S. Philip Wong - H.-S. Philip Wong was born in Hong Kong and earned his Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering from Lehigh University after graduating from the University of Hong Kong [2]. - Before joining Stanford University, he led advanced semiconductor research at IBM and is known for creating the world's first carbon nanotube computer in 2013 [2]. Group 2: TSMC's Research and Development Strategy - Wong emphasized the importance of having a forward-looking research team that can identify valuable technologies, even if they are not developed in-house [3]. - He formed a small team with members from universities, other companies, and TSMC, focusing on close interaction with the external research community [3]. Group 3: Challenges in Semiconductor Manufacturing - Wong pointed out that the importance of lithography technology is decreasing, suggesting that future advancements may not rely heavily on extreme resolution [4]. - He noted that the manufacturing process has become overly time-consuming, with the entire process taking up to seven months, and emphasized the need to reduce cycle times [5]. Group 4: U.S. Policies and China's Semiconductor Industry - Wong expressed skepticism about the long-term effectiveness of U.S. strategies to contain China's semiconductor industry, suggesting that these policies may inadvertently create a market for domestic Chinese equipment manufacturers [6][7]. - He observed that while the quality of Chinese research papers has improved significantly in the past 5 to 10 years, Chinese universities still struggle to establish new research directions [7].