从批量点赞到恶意举报，从虚假评论到直播间数据造假，虚假流量扭曲市场秩序、侵蚀公众信任，冲击 平台秩序，损害行业生态 目前，多数直播商家对外公开的是下单GMV。造假者可以通过控制大量账号集中下单，制造虚假热销 景象，提升平台内搜索排名和热度，以诱导消费者跟风购买 治理流量造假"黑灰产"的核心难点，在于如何清晰界定"合理流量运营"与"非法黑灰产"的边界以及平台 责任。如果没有厘清二者边界，或可能波及无辜 文 |《瞭望》新闻周刊记者 张翊飞 实习生 董欣悦 在数字经济蓬勃发展的今天，流量作为信息传播与商业创新的核心要素，人们期待其成为优质内容与真 实价值的自然延伸。而市场竞争中，部分主体因过度追求流量逐渐偏离正轨，不将力量集中于提升产品 与服务品质，而是寻求数据造假，并形成分工明确、手段多样、规模庞大的流量造假"黑灰产"链条。 从批量点赞到恶意举报，从虚假评论到直播间数据造假，虚假流量扭曲市场秩序、侵蚀公众信任，冲击 平台秩序，损害行业生态。一方面，造假技术持续升级，流量造假"黑灰产"日益隐蔽化、专业化、产业 化；另一方面，监管存在漏洞和规则协同不足，"黑灰产"尚未得到有效管制。 专家强调，根治流量造假"黑灰产"需 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the growing issue of organized "internet water armies" that manipulate online perceptions through tactics such as mass liking, malicious reporting, and fake reviews, significantly harming industry integrity and consumer trust [1][10][56]. Group 1: Impact on Individual Streamers - A case study of a streamer, Ms. Liang from Yantai, illustrates the severe consequences of malicious reporting, which led to the permanent suspension of her live-streaming account, erasing her six months of hard work [1][3][8]. - Ms. Liang experienced a significant increase in sales, reaching tens of thousands of yuan per day, before her account was unexpectedly banned, resulting in a total loss of income [3][5]. - Despite submitting various certifications and reports to appeal the ban, her attempts were unsuccessful, revealing the challenges faced by legitimate streamers against malicious competitors [5][7]. Group 2: Law Enforcement Response - The Yantai police uncovered a network of 10 criminal groups involved in providing water army services, leading to the arrest of 42 individuals and the shutdown of over 200 fake traffic selling websites [10][21][56]. - Investigations revealed that competitors were hiring water armies to file false reports against rival streamers, causing significant disruptions in the live-streaming market [10][19]. - The police's efforts included a specialized task force that traced the operations of these water army groups, which utilized advanced technology to simulate real user behavior and evade detection [17][39]. Group 3: Nature of Water Army Operations - The water army industry has evolved into a sophisticated black market, offering a range of services from fake interactions to malicious reporting, with clear pricing structures for different types of services [22][24][28]. - Services are categorized and priced based on effectiveness, with options for both automated and human-operated interactions, indicating a well-organized operational model [32][34]. - The existence of a "mom group" (宝妈团) highlights the use of flexible part-time workers to execute these tasks, further complicating the enforcement of regulations against such practices [45][46]. Group 4: Broader Industry Implications - The rise of water armies has distorted market competition, undermined platform integrity, and eroded consumer trust, prompting increased scrutiny and legal action from authorities [48][56]. - Recent judicial actions, including the first comprehensive case against a water army in Jiangsu, demonstrate the legal system's response to these growing threats [54][56]. - The scale of the problem is underscored by the police's nationwide crackdown, resulting in thousands of arrests and the closure of numerous illegal platforms, indicating a significant effort to restore order in the digital marketplace [56].