在生物科学领域，纽约和波士顿位居前两位，北京排名第三。在2022年新纳入自然指数的健康科学领 域，美国城市占据十强中的半数席位，北京位列第六。上海和广州也进入这两个领域的十强榜单，其中 广州增长显著。 此外，"2024自然指数-科研城市"增刊还聚焦于快速扩张的沿海超大城市所日益面临的地面沉降问题， 尤其是在海平面持续上升的情况下，并探讨如何通过全球科研合作来应对这些挑战，包括沿海城市的气 候变化问题。 《自然》增刊"2024自然指数-科研城市"封面。施普林格·自然 供图 施普林格·自然11月16日在线发布的《自然》增刊"2024自然指数-科研城市"显示，中国首次占据全球科 研城市十强榜单一半以上席位，由2023年的五席增至2024年的六席。北京继续保持2016年以来全球科研 城市榜首位置，上海仍居第二位，南京、广州、武汉、杭州分居第五、第六、第八和第十位。 最新发布的《自然》增刊，聚焦全球主要城市及都市圈2024年在自然指数追踪的高质量期刊上的最新科 研产出变化。除中国6个城市外，2024年全球其他十大科研城市依次为纽约都市圈、波士顿都市圈、旧 金山湾区、巴尔的摩–华盛顿，分别居第三、第四、第七和第九位。 根 ...

Core Insights - China has secured more than half of the top ten global research cities for the first time, increasing from five to six cities in the 2024 Nature Index [1][3] - Beijing remains the top research city globally since 2016, followed by Shanghai, with Nanjing, Guangzhou, Wuhan, and Hangzhou ranking fifth, sixth, eighth, and tenth respectively [1][3] Summary by Categories Research City Rankings - The 2024 Nature Index lists six Chinese cities among the top ten, with New York metropolitan area, Boston metropolitan area, San Francisco Bay Area, and Baltimore-Washington occupying the remaining spots [3] - Guangzhou improved its ranking from eighth to sixth, surpassing the San Francisco Bay Area, while Wuhan and Hangzhou also made significant gains [3] Research Output Growth - Beijing's research output increased by over 9% from 2023 to 2024, while Shanghai saw a nearly 20% growth [3] - The report highlights a significant rise in research performance across various disciplines for Chinese cities, particularly in chemistry, physical sciences, and earth and environmental sciences [3] Discipline Performance - Chinese cities dominated the chemistry field, securing all top ten positions globally, and held six spots in both physical sciences and earth and environmental sciences, with Beijing leading in all these areas [3] - In the biological sciences, New York and Boston ranked first and second, with Beijing in third place, while in the newly included health sciences, Beijing ranked sixth, with Shanghai and Guangzhou also making the top ten [3] Challenges and Collaboration - The report addresses the issue of land subsidence faced by rapidly expanding coastal megacities, particularly in the context of rising sea levels, and emphasizes the importance of global research collaboration to tackle these challenges [4] - Simon Baker, the editor of the Nature Index, noted that cross-border and interdisciplinary collaboration among researchers can lead to impactful solutions for challenges like land subsidence [4]