目前灵巧手的传动方案主要包括传统的连杆传动、齿轮传动、腱绳传动。 其中连杆传动、齿轮传动存在结构复杂、重量大、柔性不足、空间配置要 求高、远距离控制困难等劣势。腱绳传动通过模拟人手"肌腱"结构，使 得大型的驱动器远离了执行机构，减轻末端的负载和惯量，提升了抓取的 速度、精度。同时，腱绳传动布局灵活，在轻量化的同时适合空间狭小且 需要驱动自由度数目较多的传动场景。 机器人腱绳的市场空间有多大？2024 年 10 月，特斯拉发布第三代人形机 器人 Optimus GEN-3，其灵巧手采用行星齿轮箱+丝杠+腱绳结构，自由 度由 11 个翻倍提升至 22 个。我们测算 22 自由度下腱绳单机价值量约 3520 元，1000 万台人形机器人出货量对应腱绳市场规模达 352 亿元。 伴随方案渗透以及降本，腱绳在灵巧手以外关节等环节应用值得期待。 基础化工 机器人腱绳：渗透加速，重视超高分子量聚乙烯 机器人腱绳赋能灵巧手灵活度、轻量化，渗透前景广阔。据中国信息通信 研究院预测：2045 年我国人形机器人将步入 Lv5 阶段，对应市场规模达 10 万亿级别。灵巧手作为一种新型的末端执行器逐步替代传统夹持器，在 人形机器人与环 ...

Investment Rating - The report maintains a positive outlook on the industry, suggesting an "Increase" rating for the sector [8]. Core Insights - The market for robotic tendons is expected to grow significantly, with projections indicating a market size of 10 trillion yuan by 2045 as humanoid robots advance to Level 5 capabilities [1][27]. - The adoption of tendon transmission systems in robotic hands is increasing due to their advantages in flexibility, lightweight design, and efficiency compared to traditional mechanisms [10][18]. - The report emphasizes the importance of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) as a key material for robotic tendons, highlighting its superior strength-to-weight ratio and cost-effectiveness [3][39]. Summary by Sections 1. Robotic Tendons: Accelerating Penetration and Focus on UHMWPE - Robotic tendons enhance dexterity and lightweight design, with a significant market potential as humanoid robots evolve [1]. - The tendon transmission mechanism mimics human muscle structure, improving speed and precision in robotic applications [10][18]. 2. Market Potential for Robotic Tendons - The introduction of Tesla's Optimus GEN-3 robot, featuring a tendon-based hand with 22 degrees of freedom, indicates a market size of 35.2 billion yuan for tendon systems based on projected sales of 10 million units [2][31]. - The report anticipates further applications of tendons beyond robotic hands, including joints and other structural components [32]. 3. Material Opportunities: Focus on UHMWPE - UHMWPE fibers are recognized for their high strength and low density, making them ideal for robotic tendons [3][39]. - The report notes that domestic manufacturers are rapidly advancing in UHMWPE production, potentially disrupting the current market dominated by foreign companies [40][41]. 4. Key Companies - **Tongyi Zhong**: Leading in UHMWPE fiber production with a capacity of 7,960 tons, focusing on high-strength materials [4][42]. - **Nanshan Zhishang**: Producing 3,600 tons of UHMWPE fibers, with applications in robotic tendons [45]. - **Henghui Security**: Expected to increase its UHMWPE capacity by 4,800 tons, targeting the robotic tendon market [46].