美国商务部20日初步裁定中国关键电池组件存在补贴，认为中国活性阳极材料（负极材料）生产商获得高额政府补贴，为后续加征反补贴关税铺平道路。 5月20日，美国商务部发布"对原产于中国的活性阳极材料反补贴调查"的裁定公告，其初步裁定湖州凯金新能源和Shanghai Shaosheng Knitted Sweat因未参 与应诉，税率均为712.03%，松下电器全球采购（中国）有限公司/松下电器（中国）有限公司和中国其他生产商/出口商的税率均为6.55%。 其中，湖州凯金新能源于2017年8月成立，隶属于广东凯金新能源。截至2025年3月，凯金新能源负极材料有效产能25万吨，江苏凯金、乐山凯金、贵州凯金 项目正在加速建设，预计2025年底公司产能将达到59万吨。 包括了今年一季度美国对华产品累计加征的20%关税、锂电池产品3.4%的基础关税，以及去年基于301条款对中国锂电池所加征的关税。基于301条款，美国 对于中国出口的动力电池自去年9月起将加征25%的关税，2026年起，包括储能电池在内的非车用锂电池的关税税率也将提高到25%，目前加征的税率为 7.5%。 关税政策之外，针对中国电池产业链，美国众议院今年3月还通 ...

Core Viewpoint - The U.S. Department of Commerce has preliminarily ruled that Chinese key battery components, specifically active anode materials, are receiving substantial government subsidies, paving the way for potential anti-subsidy tariffs on these products [1][2]. Group 1: Preliminary Ruling and Tariff Implications - The preliminary ruling on May 20 indicates that companies like Huzhou Kaijin New Energy and Shanghai Shaosheng Knitted Sweat, which did not participate in the investigation, face a tariff rate of 712.03%, while Panasonic and other Chinese producers face a rate of 6.55% [1]. - Huzhou Kaijin New Energy, established in August 2017, has an effective production capacity of 250,000 tons of anode materials, with plans to increase capacity to 590,000 tons by the end of 2025 [1]. - The final ruling from the U.S. Department of Commerce is expected on September 19, 2025, pending approval from the International Trade Commission (ITC), which will make its final decision on November 13, 2025 [1]. Group 2: Industry Context and Competitive Landscape - U.S. graphite producers initiated the investigation, claiming that Chinese government subsidies artificially lower prices, making it difficult for them to compete [2]. - The U.S. relies heavily on China for graphite, importing 59% of its natural graphite and 68% of its synthetic graphite from China, with approximately $350 million worth of anode materials imported in 2023 [3]. - The increasing trade barriers may lead to higher costs for U.S. customers and exacerbate volatility in the global new energy supply chain [3]. Group 3: Broader Trade Policies and Protectionism - The U.S. has escalated tariffs on electric vehicle batteries and non-vehicle lithium batteries, with rates reaching 173.4% and 155.9% respectively, although these rates have been reduced recently [4]. - The U.S. House of Representatives passed a bill aimed at decoupling from Chinese battery suppliers, further indicating a strategy to weaken China's dominance in the battery supply chain [4]. - The ongoing trade tensions reflect a broader trend of protectionism in the U.S. and Europe, aimed at bolstering domestic industries against Chinese competition [5]. Group 4: Strategic Recommendations for Chinese Companies - Chinese lithium battery companies are advised to remain vigilant against geopolitical risks and trade protectionism, focusing on building resilient and localized supply chains [5]. - There is a need to create technological advantages to maintain a competitive edge in the global market, as highlighted by the statement from CATL's founder regarding the indispensable role of Chinese technology for global automakers [5].