科技日报记者 张添福 临近冬至时节，走进青海省海南州兴海县最大的日光温室基地，泥土与菌类的特有清香扑面而来。 平菇像一把把撑开的小伞，菌盖肥厚、圆润；香菇像褐色的小精灵，星星点点从菌棒里钻出来…… 兴海县位于三江源国家级自然保护区，当地产业以牧为主、农牧结合。2022年以来，该县001号科 技特派员工作站扎根此间，建立示范基地、开展技术培训、攻克高原食用菌栽培难关。不过，初到此地 时，他们面对的是一堆"烂摊子"。 2022年，兴海县001号科技特派员工作站站长、青海省农林科学院土壤肥料研究所副所长李松龄带 领工作站成员下田地、访农户，兴海县唐乃亥乡72个日光温室成为他们的主战场。然而，李松龄和工作 站成员一一摸排"家底"后发现，72个日光温室几近废弃，一些日光温室即便仍在种植，也只是零散种植 韭菜、黄瓜、西红柿，难以发挥规模经济效益。 如何盘活兴海县最大的日光温室？化验土质、实验、试种及进行适应性评价后，李松龄团队锚定食 用菌产业。 羊肚菌享有"菌中之王"美誉，出菇期时，喜凉不喜热，温度需控制在16—18摄氏度。"在青海种植 羊肚菌，有天然优势。青海夏季即便烈日当空，但只要遮阴、通风，日光温室内也能确保较低温 ...

Core Viewpoint - The successful cultivation of Jin Ear mushrooms in Xu Zhuang Town represents a new approach to the development of edible mushrooms in Xin County, which is known as the "hometown of Agaricus bisporus" in China [1][2]. Group 1: Historical Development - Xu Zhuang Town began developing the edible mushroom industry in the 1990s, following a structural adjustment in agriculture, with a significant focus on the cultivation of Agaricus bisporus [1]. - The town has received multiple accolades for its contributions to mushroom cultivation, including titles such as "National Small Mushroom New Rural Construction Demonstration Town" and "Shandong Province Small Mushroom New Rural Construction Advanced Unit" [1]. Group 2: Modern Agricultural Practices - The town has adopted a "one village, one product, one characteristic" development strategy, leveraging "Internet+" to enhance modern agricultural production and extend the industrial chain [2]. - The cultivation of Jin Ear mushrooms has been integrated into a comprehensive service model that includes production, processing, sales, and land leasing, showcasing a successful practice in agricultural modernization [2]. - The use of data-driven approaches in mushroom cultivation has replaced traditional experience-based methods, highlighting the impact of modern technology on agricultural practices [2].