你餐桌上看似平平无奇、人畜无害的平菇，居然是一种吃肉的真菌作物？它们是如何诱杀猎物的，在演 化过程中，哪些猎物又取得了防御并且反制的手段？本期节目，就跟会长一起走近平菇的反转人生。 ...

自2024年5月甘肃省定西市渭源县与山东食用菌产业技术体系签订框架协议以来，双方以"技术共建、产 业共育、人才共育"为目标，依托东西部协作机制，在项目申报、平台建设与品种引进等方面深入开展 合作，推动渭源县食用菌产业迈向标准化、科技化和品牌化发展。 目前，渭源县已相继建成会川、田家河、路园、莲峰、五竹五个食用菌产业基地，包括2个木耳种植基 地、1个食药用菌生产基地和2个光伏食用菌产业园。全县共有种植大棚423座，主要种植木耳、金耳、 羊肚菌、赤松茸、平菇等种类，预计总产量2690吨，总产值5483.6万元。现有菌棒生产厂1座，年生产 能力1500万棒；食用菌龙头企业3家，农民专业合作社5家；保鲜储藏库66座，库容4.12万吨；拥有有效 注册商标3个，获得食用菌绿色食品认证10个、有机食品认证27个。2022年"智昇农特"入选"甘味"农产 品品牌。 渭源县正加快构建全产业链发展格局，计划到2030年实现食用菌种植规模400亩以上，袋栽与地栽总规 模1000万棒，总产量1500吨，全产业链总产值突破1亿元。"下一步，我们将进一步创新合作方式，拓宽 合作领域，深化合作关系，全力以赴推动东西部科技协作再上新台阶、再结 ...

Core Viewpoint - The integration of technology into agriculture is transforming the industry, enhancing food security, and contributing to rural revitalization in China [1][2][4]. Group 1: Technological Advancements in Agriculture - The transformation of saline-alkali land in Gansu Province into productive farmland is attributed to technological empowerment, with successful potato cultivation demonstrating improved quality and yield [2]. - Jilin Province has developed a comprehensive model for saline-alkali land management, achieving significant improvements in agricultural productivity through innovative techniques [3]. - The introduction of new agricultural technologies, such as AI-powered weeding robots and advanced planting platforms, is revolutionizing farming practices and increasing efficiency [6]. Group 2: Crop Production and Quality Improvement - The introduction of high-quality rice varieties, such as "Ning Series 47," is enhancing the quality of rice production in Ningxia, with plans for a comprehensive industry chain [5][6]. - The use of advanced agricultural techniques, including composite enzyme technology, is improving crop resilience and reducing fertilizer usage, leading to better yields [6]. - The demand for edible mushrooms is rising, with significant production increases planned for the coming year, indicating a robust market opportunity [7].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article highlights the successful mushroom cultivation in Xili Village, Hebei, showcasing the efforts of local farmer Li Shipeng who has become a prominent figure in the industry [1][2]. - Li Shipeng has over ten years of experience in mushroom farming, having returned to his hometown after graduating from college in 2011, and he is actively involved in every aspect of the cultivation process [2][3]. - The village has established 116 mushroom greenhouses, generating an annual profit of 12 million yuan, making it a well-known "mushroom village" in the region [4]. Group 2 - Li Shipeng's mushrooms are of high quality and have attracted a stable customer base, indicating a strong market demand for his products [2]. - The cultivation process involves meticulous attention to detail, including the timely replacement of mushroom cultivation substrates (bacteria sticks) to ensure consistent yield [2][3]. - The local community regards Li Shipeng as an expert in mushroom cultivation, reflecting his influence and reputation within the village [3].

Core Insights - The article highlights the successful integration of technology and traditional agriculture in Yu County, leading to increased productivity and sales for local farmers [2][5] - The collaboration between local businesses and organizations has fostered a comprehensive industrial chain, enhancing the efficiency of production and distribution [4][5] Group 1: Agricultural Development - The introduction of smart technology in mushroom cultivation has doubled the yield and improved quality, addressing previous challenges of low production and disease [2] - The implementation of innovative agricultural practices, such as "mushroom-grain rotation," has led to sustainable land use and increased employment opportunities, with an annual output value of nearly 10 million yuan [2] Group 2: Industrial Integration - Yu County has developed a complete industrial system for steel tape production, with over 160 enterprises contributing to an annual output of 1.5 billion units, capturing 85% of the national market share [4] - The integration of logistics and e-commerce has enabled faster distribution and expanded sales channels, including international markets [4] Group 3: Sales Channel Innovation - The promotion of "enterprise group purchasing + public welfare assistance" has effectively broadened sales channels for agricultural products, directly addressing issues of surplus and unsold goods [5] - The establishment of a robust logistics and cold chain system supports efficient distribution of agricultural products, enhancing market competitiveness [5]

Core Points - The Chongqing Tongliang District Market Supervision Administration conducted a food safety inspection, testing 262 samples across various categories, with 254 passing and 8 failing the safety standards [1]. Group 1: Inspection Results - A total of 262 samples were tested, with 254 samples deemed compliant and 8 samples identified as non-compliant [1]. - The non-compliant products were subjected to legal actions as per the Food Safety Law of the People's Republic of China, including recall and removal from shelves [1]. Group 2: Non-compliant Products - Specific non-compliant products included items with pesticide residues exceeding the permissible limits, such as: - Imidacloprid at 0.244 mg/kg (limit ≤0.05 mg/kg) [1] - Cadmium at 0.493 mg/kg (limit ≤0.05 mg/kg) [1] - Enrofloxacin at 157 µg/kg (limit ≤100 µg/kg) [1] - The inspection revealed multiple instances of pesticide and heavy metal residues in various food products, indicating potential health risks [1].

Group 1 - The core idea of the article revolves around the unique characteristics and ecological interactions of the oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus), particularly its relationship with nematodes and its predatory behavior [1][22][25] - Oyster mushrooms are not just simple fungi; they have complex life cycles and interactions with other organisms, including nematodes that can cause significant damage to their growth [9][11][22] - The article highlights the dual nature of oyster mushrooms as both prey and predator, showcasing their ability to capture and consume nematodes, which are typically harmful to them [23][25][27] Group 2 - The nematode species Lotonchium ungulatum is specifically mentioned as a significant threat to oyster mushrooms, capable of causing gill-knot disease, which can lead to severe crop loss [11][22] - The lifecycle of the nematode involves parasitism on fungus gnats, which further complicates the ecological dynamics between these organisms [13][15] - The article emphasizes the evolutionary adaptations of oyster mushrooms, including the production of volatile compounds to attract nematodes and the development of toxic substances to immobilize them [23][25][27]

Core Insights - The conference focused on the standardization of edible mushroom cultivation techniques and aimed to boost rural industrial revitalization through the dissemination of new technologies [1][4] - Participants included over 20 representatives from agricultural parks across various cities, highlighting the collaborative effort in the edible mushroom industry [1][2] Group 1: Training and Knowledge Sharing - The conference featured detailed presentations on various mushroom species, cultivation techniques, and best practices, enhancing participants' understanding of effective farming methods [1][2] - Practical examples and firsthand data from local greenhouses were shared, demonstrating the impact of scientific cultivation methods on yield and quality [2][3] - The event included a session on insurance for mushroom cultivation, addressing risks and providing tailored insurance solutions for growers [2][3] Group 2: Industry Development and Challenges - Recent advancements in mushroom cultivation technology have led to increased yields, but challenges such as price declines and unstable profitability remain [3] - The training aimed to elevate growers' scientific knowledge and adapt to market changes, ensuring the sustainable development of the mushroom industry [3][4] - The successful organization of the training session is expected to foster confidence among industry practitioners and contribute to the overall enhancement of the edible mushroom sector [4]

Core Viewpoint - The approval and implementation of six national standards for edible mushrooms in China will enhance the standardization and regulation of the edible mushroom industry, effective from January 1, 2026 [1][2]. Group 1: National Standards Overview - The six national standards include GB/T45885-2025 for "Pleurotus eryngii," GB/T45882-2025 for "Hericium erinaceus," GB/T23189-2025 for "Agaricus bisporus," GB/T23190-2025 for "Lentinula edodes," GB/T45883-2025 for "Morchella species," and GB/T23599-2025 for "Volvariella volvacea" [1][2]. - These standards outline quality requirements, inspection rules, labeling, packaging, transportation, and storage requirements for the respective mushroom varieties [2]. Group 2: Industry Impact - The implementation of these standards is expected to improve the quality control levels of related edible mushroom products and further regulate market order, providing clear guidance for healthy industry development [2]. - China is a major producer of edible mushrooms, which play a crucial role in rural revitalization, increasing farmers' income, and contributing to nutritional health within the agricultural sector [2].

Core Viewpoint - The recent food safety inspection in Qijiang District revealed that out of 27 batches of food products tested, 25 were compliant while 2 were found to be non-compliant, leading to immediate regulatory actions [2][3]. Group 1: Inspection Results - A total of 27 batches of edible agricultural products were sampled, with 25 passing and 2 failing the safety standards [2]. - The non-compliant products were identified based on specific food safety national standards, which classify any failure in testing as a non-compliant product [2]. Group 2: Regulatory Actions - The local market supervision authority has initiated legal actions against the non-compliant products as per the Food Safety Law of the People's Republic of China [2]. - Risk control measures have been implemented, including tracing the product flow, recalling, and removing the non-compliant products from the market [2].