以下文章来源于傅里叶的猫 ，作者小小 傅里叶的猫 . 芯片EDA大厂资深工程师，半导体AI行业解读及研报分享 申请入围"中国IC独角兽" 半导体高质量发展创新成果征集 最近几天我们发的文章里面的数据都很有意思，都是网友们很关注却不好获取的数据。这篇文章，我们 结合华泰证券在今年2月份的一篇研报，截取这个研报中的部分内容，并看下全球新建晶圆厂的格局。 华泰的研究预计，中国大陆2027年在全球12寸成熟制程晶圆代工的市场份额将提升至47%，2023年中国 大陆12寸成熟制程在全球 的产能份额约为29%，预计2024-2027年中国大陆12寸成熟制程产能将保持年 均27% 的快速扩张，到 2027 年占全球的份额将达到 47%。预计 2024-2027 年 40-90nm 节点晶圆代工价 格将呈现 5-8%左右的年降，28nm节点年降预计约3%。晶圆代工为芯片设计企业主要成本，占据约 70- 80%左右的比重。 根据SEMI的数据，2019-2024年全球共兴建128座晶圆厂，其中中国大陆占据30%，扩产高峰期集中于 2019-2021年。展望未来，我们认为中国晶圆代工产业将在全球占据更重要的地位，形成全球竞争力。 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the evolving landscape of global wafer fabrication plants, highlighting China's increasing market share in the 12-inch mature process wafer foundry sector, projected to reach 47% by 2027 from 29% in 2023 [1]. Group 1: Market Share and Growth Projections - China's share of the global 12-inch mature process wafer foundry market is expected to grow from 29% in 2023 to 47% by 2027, with an annual capacity growth rate of 27% from 2024 to 2027 [1]. - The global wafer fabrication industry is projected to see a total of 128 new fabs built from 2019 to 2024, with China accounting for 30% of these [2][3]. - The global pure wafer foundry market is expected to grow from $32.257 billion in 2023 to $47.271 billion by 2027, with a CAGR of 10% [12]. Group 2: Capacity Utilization and Competitive Landscape - In Q3 2024, SMIC and Hua Hong's capacity utilization rates were 90% and 105%, respectively, while UMC's was only 71%, indicating a competitive edge for Chinese foundries [7]. - The global 12-inch mature process capacity utilization is expected to remain between 73% and 75% from 2024 to 2027, with specific nodes like 28nm maintaining high utilization due to limited competition [13]. Group 3: Cost Analysis and Competitive Advantages - Chinese wafer foundry companies have a significant cost advantage in labor, with average salaries in mainland China at 240,900 RMB compared to 435,800 RMB in Taiwan, representing a 80.9% difference [8]. - The cost structure of wafer foundry companies shows that labor costs account for approximately 15.7% of total costs, allowing Chinese firms to maintain a competitive edge [8]. Group 4: Supply Chain and Material Localization - The domestic semiconductor materials sector is still in its early stages of localization, with 12-inch silicon wafer localization at only 10% as of 2022 [10]. - The logistics and energy supply systems in mainland China are mature, leading to lower operational costs compared to some overseas regions, although fixed facility costs have a limited impact on overall product costs [10].