Core Insights - The article discusses the historical significance and revival of Eliza, the first chatbot created by Joseph Weizenbaum in the 1960s, highlighting its impact on the development of conversational AI [1][3][11] Group 1: Historical Context - Eliza was inspired by the character Eliza Doolittle from George Bernard Shaw's play "Pygmalion," symbolizing transformation and communication skills [1] - The chatbot operated using a script called DOCTOR, mimicking a Rogerian therapist's approach to engage users in conversation [3][6] Group 2: User Interaction - Users often developed emotional attachments to Eliza, perceiving it as empathetic and understanding, despite its lack of true comprehension [6][9] - The interaction style of Eliza led to a phenomenon where users felt that the chatbot genuinely understood their concerns, showcasing the psychological impact of AI on human interaction [4][6] Group 3: Technical Revival - The original Eliza code was believed to be lost until it was rediscovered in 2021 by researchers at Stanford University and MIT [11] - The revival process involved cleaning and debugging the original code, as well as creating a simulator to run it in an environment similar to the 1960s [11][12] - The restored Eliza, which includes a known bug that causes it to crash when numbers are input, has been made available on GitHub for public use [12]

Summary of The Bank of New York Mellon (BK) 2025 Conference Company Overview - **Company**: The Bank of New York Mellon (BK) - **Segment**: BNY Pershing, the largest business within BNY, focusing on Market and Wealth Services - **Key Metrics**: - Serves approximately 1,300 intermediaries globally - Manages around 8 million client accounts - Total assets under management: $2.7 trillion for Pershing and $3 trillion for BNY globally [15][14] Core Strategic Priorities - **Growth Focus**: The primary strategic priority is growth, with an emphasis on positive operating margins [15][16] - **Client Engagement**: BNY aims to differentiate itself by offering a variety of solutions within its ecosystem to help clients grow [16][17] Key Themes from Insight Financial Advisory Conference - **Event Overview**: The conference had over 2,000 attendees and showcased a broader product set from BNY, including asset servicing, investment management, and treasury services [18][19][21] - **Client-Centric Approach**: The event aimed to demonstrate how BNY can better serve wealth managers by introducing more services [22][23] WOVE Platform - **Launch and Purpose**: WOVE was launched to address advisor productivity challenges, with 60% of advisors frustrated by their current technology [24][25] - **Revenue Generation**: In 2024, WOVE generated an incremental $30 million in revenues, with a target of $60 million to $70 million for 2025 [28][30] - **Modular Design**: The platform is designed to be modular, allowing advisors to select specific applications as needed [26][27] AI Integration - **AI Adoption**: Approximately 90% of BNY employees have signed up for the internal AI platform, Eliza, which enhances operational efficiency [40][41] - **Commercial Applications**: AI is being used to streamline processes such as responding to RFPs and enhancing financial planning tools [42][43] - **Future Potential**: AI is expected to play a significant role in transforming client interactions and operational efficiency [46][48] Industry Dynamics - **RIA Consolidation**: The larger RIA firms are growing faster than smaller firms, with 20% of RIAs driving 80% of the growth [59][60] - **Target Clientele**: BNY focuses on billion-dollar-plus RIA firms, which are seen as optimal clients for their services [60][72] - **Breakaway Business**: The breakaway business model is expected to continue, providing opportunities for BNY to capture new clients [62][63] Product Expansion and Alternatives - **Focus on Alternatives**: BNY is working to improve custodial processes for private assets and alternatives, as demand in this area is increasing [73][75] - **Tokenized Assets**: BNY is prepared to custody tokenized assets, anticipating future demand in this area [80][81] Conclusion - **Positive Outlook**: The consolidation in the RIA market and the focus on large firms positions BNY favorably for future growth [66][70]

Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - The company reported revenues of $53 million for the fiscal year 2024, indicating a strong cash-generating position for a biotech firm [6][29] - Cash at the end of the last quarter was $34.7 million, with projections to approach cash flow positive by the end of 2024 [29][30] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - The first product, El Eliza, has generated approximately $12 million in Brazil, while global sales through Pfizer are only $50 million out of a $1 billion market, indicating commercialization challenges [9][34] - The second product, El Fabrio, is expected to capture 15% to 20% of a $3.1 billion market, potentially generating $130 million to $150 million in sales for Protalix [13][19] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - The Fabry market was valued at $2.2 billion last year, with expectations for growth to $3.1 billion by 2030 [12][13] - The gout treatment market is projected to be $5.6 billion with a 6.4% CAGR, highlighting significant potential for the PRX-115 product [25] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company aims to enhance its platform and explore rare renal diseases, while also focusing on the development of PRX-115 for gout treatment [28][30] - A strategic partnership with Chiesi is crucial, with a tiered royalty agreement that could yield significant revenue based on sales performance [14][18] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management acknowledged the challenges in commercialization for El Eliza but remains optimistic about future partnerships to improve market penetration [10][34] - The company believes that by 2030, total sales could reach between $120 million to $230 million, contingent on successful product launches and market acceptance [35] Other Important Information - The company has no debt and has cleaned its balance sheet, positioning itself for a fresh start [30] - Management noted that the share price drop following the first quarter results was disproportionate and attributed it to market reactions rather than operational failures [31][34] Q&A Session Summary Question: Is it reasonable to liken the competitive advantage of PRX-115 to that of El Fabrio? - Management believes PRX-115 could represent an even stronger competitive advantage due to its potential dosing regimen, which could significantly reduce treatment frequency compared to existing therapies [37] Question: What are the implications of sales fluctuations? - Sales are highly dependent on shipment logistics, and even minor delays can impact revenue recognition, but the company remains optimistic about profitability [38] Question: What are the expected costs for the upcoming trials? - The projected costs for the trials are manageable, estimated at around $24 million over two and a half years, which is significantly lower than previous trials [39]