Summary of Connect Biopharma Holdings (CNTB) Conference Call - June 04, 2025 Company Overview - Connect Biopharma is undergoing a transformation referred to as "Connect 2.0" with a new management team experienced in drug development and public biotech operations [2][22] - The company is focusing on retimicobart, a second-generation IL-4 receptor alpha monoclonal antibody, targeting asthma and COPD [2][3] Key Developments - Two parallel Phase II studies have been initiated for retimicobart, specifically addressing acute exacerbations in asthma and COPD [2][3] - The company has sufficient cash to fund these studies, with a runway extending into 2027 [3][22] - The headquarters has been relocated to San Diego, reducing the company's footprint in China to become more U.S.-centric [3] Market Opportunity - Market research indicates that having an acute indication for retimicobart could create a market opportunity exceeding $5 billion globally [4] - There are over 2 million emergency department visits annually in the U.S. for asthma and COPD exacerbations, highlighting a significant patient population [5][8] - Current treatments for acute exacerbations are largely unchanged from two decades ago, primarily involving steroids and bronchodilators, which take hours to stabilize patients [24][25] Product Differentiation - Retimicobart is positioned uniquely as no other biologic currently has an acute indication for asthma or COPD [4][6] - The product has shown rapid onset of action, with over 70% of the benefit observed within 24 hours of administration [5][13] - The company aims to reduce emergency room visits and hospitalizations, potentially shortening hospital stays and providing cost savings for healthcare systems [28][29] Clinical Data - Previous Phase II studies indicated significant improvements in respiratory function (FEV1) with retimicobart, showing an average improvement of 420 ml at 24 weeks [4][12] - The product demonstrated a rapid improvement in airway function, with 73% of the benefit observed within 24 hours [13][16] - The company has a differentiated safety profile compared to Dupixent, particularly in patients with high eosinophil counts [17][20] Financial Position - As of March, the company reported a cash position of nearly $84 million, sufficient to fund ongoing Phase II programs [22] - The exclusivity for retimicobart extends well into 2040, providing a long-term competitive advantage [20] Future Catalysts - Results from the two Phase II trials are expected in the first half of next year, with ongoing preclinical data supporting the product's differentiation [33][32] - The company is also developing a separate product for hospital use to enhance economic viability and fit within existing reimbursement structures [30] Conclusion - Connect Biopharma is strategically positioned to address significant unmet needs in the treatment of acute asthma and COPD exacerbations, with a strong focus on rapid onset of action and cost-effectiveness for healthcare providers [28][29][30]

Summary of AvePoint (AVPT) FY Conference Call - June 04, 2025 Company Overview - AvePoint is the largest SaaS data governance and security player in the Microsoft Office cloud ecosystem, focusing on unstructured data, which constitutes 80% of all data [4][5] - The immediate addressable market is estimated at $19 billion, covering governance, risk, compliance, data replication, and protection [5][6] Core Business and Strategy - AvePoint operates a singular SaaS platform with 15 instances running in Microsoft Azure, GCP, and AWS, emphasizing a multi-cloud strategy [9][10] - The platform includes three major areas: resiliency (backup as a service), control (data governance), and modernization (data analytics, integration, migration) [11][13] - Resiliency accounts for over 50% of recurring revenue, while control is the fastest-growing suite due to AI deployments [11][13] - The company aims to reduce service revenue from 20% to under 10% to focus on recurring revenue streams [16] Market Position and Competitive Landscape - AvePoint differentiates itself by providing a vertical stack solution within the Microsoft ecosystem, unlike competitors like Commvault and Varonis, which take a horizontal approach [44][45] - The company serves a diverse customer base, with 53% of recurring revenue from companies with over 5,000 employees and 47% from small to medium-sized businesses [18] - The competitive landscape is described as complex, with multiple point competitors, but AvePoint maintains a unique position due to its comprehensive data management solutions [17][48] Financial Performance - Total ARR growth of 26% year-over-year, with net new ARR of $18.5 million, reflecting 85% year-over-year growth [24][25] - SaaS revenue increased by 34% on a constant currency basis, and total revenue rose by 25% [25] - Gross retention stands at 89%, and net retention is at 111%, with targets to improve these figures [27] - Operating margin is reported at just under 14.5%, with a strong start to the year [28] Growth Potential and Future Outlook - AvePoint aims for a long-term target of $1 billion in ARR with a 25% CAGR [21] - The company is focused on profitable growth, with improvements in gross margins from 72% to nearly 76% [35] - Capital allocation strategy includes investing in business growth, pursuing M&A opportunities, and share repurchases [39][40] Customer Engagement and Value Proposition - AvePoint emphasizes the importance of data governance and quality in the context of AI and security, positioning itself as an advocate for customers navigating multi-cloud environments [54][55] - The company has established a strong relationship with Microsoft, leveraging its position within the ecosystem while addressing customer needs for diverse data management solutions [52][56] Key Takeaways - AvePoint's diversified approach across industries and customer segments is a significant strength, allowing for scalability and resilience in a competitive market [30][61] - The company has successfully built a global organization with a focus on profitable growth, setting the stage for future expansion and innovation [62][63] - Continuous investment in technology and customer relationships is crucial for maintaining competitive advantage in the evolving landscape of data management and governance [40][65]

Summary of Quidel Ortho Conference Call Company Overview - Quidel Ortho was formed by the merger of Quidel and Ortho Clinical Diagnostics in May 2022, focusing on four major business areas: labs, transfusion medicine, point of care, and molecular diagnostics [5][6] - The company reported approximately $2.8 billion in revenue for the full year 2024, with North America contributing 58% of total revenues [6][7] Market Position and Growth Opportunities - The in vitro diagnostics market is valued at $50 billion, growing in the mid-single digits, with Quidel Ortho targeting segments worth approximately $20 billion [9] - The labs business generated $1.4 billion in revenue in 2024, representing about 50% of total revenue, and is expected to grow consistently [10] - The transfusion medicine business, excluding donor screening, generated $523 million in revenue in 2024, with low single-digit growth expected [12] - Point of care contributed $694 million in revenue in 2024, with mid-single-digit growth anticipated [13] - Molecular diagnostics revenue was $24 million in 2024, identified as a significant near-term growth opportunity [13] Strategic Initiatives - The company announced plans to acquire full ownership of Lex Diagnostics for approximately $100 million, aiming to enhance its product portfolio [14][15] - Discontinuation of the Savanna platform was decided due to unsatisfactory clinical trial results, allowing a focus on more promising technologies [15] - The Lex platform is expected to provide rapid and accurate testing, integrating well into existing workflows [16][17] Financial Performance and Cost Management - In Q1, Quidel Ortho achieved a 6% revenue growth, excluding COVID and donor screening, with a 450 basis point improvement in adjusted EBITDA [23] - Cost savings of over $100 million were identified in 2024, with an additional $30 million to $50 million expected in 2025 [22] - The company aims to reduce its net leverage ratio to 2.5 to 3.5 times while expanding margins [24][25] Future Outlook - The company reaffirmed its 2025 financial guidance, targeting mid to high 20s adjusted EBITDA margin [25] - Capital allocation will prioritize business needs, including menu expansion and molecular strategy, while focusing on cash generation and debt reduction [26] - Quidel Ortho is positioned for profitable growth with a strong value proposition and stable underlying business [27]

Summary of Dynatrace Conference Call Company Overview - **Company**: Dynatrace - **Industry**: Observability Software - **Key Executives Present**: Rick McConnell (CEO), Jim Benson (CFO) [1][2] Core Points and Arguments 1. **Market Size and Growth**: The observability market is valued at over $50 billion, with application security contributing around $14 billion, totaling approximately $65 billion [9] 2. **Evolution of Observability**: The transition from basic monitoring (dashboards) to advanced observability using AI, which provides precise insights and auto-remediation capabilities [8][9] 3. **Challenges in Software Management**: Increasing complexity in software environments due to cloud adoption, leading to a need for sophisticated observability solutions [10][14] 4. **Business Observability**: A shift towards understanding not just software performance but overall business performance, indicating a broader application of observability tools [16][17] 5. **Integrated Platform**: Dynatrace offers a unified observability platform that consolidates various monitoring tools, enhancing efficiency and insights [18][19] 6. **AI Capabilities**: The platform utilizes causal, predictive, and generative AI to provide actionable insights and improve user experience [21][22][23] 7. **Customer Success Stories**: A case study with British Telecom showed a 50% reduction in incidents and a 90% reduction in mean time to respond, translating to significant cost savings [24][25] 8. **Market Position**: Dynatrace is recognized as a leader in the observability space, consistently ranking in the upper right quadrant of industry reports [26] 9. **Financial Performance**: The company reported an annual recurring revenue (ARR) of approximately $1.7 billion, with a 20% growth in subscription revenue and a 29% operating margin [27][28] Additional Important Insights 1. **Competitive Landscape**: The presence of multiple players in the observability market is seen as beneficial, as it drives consolidation and simplification of tools for customers [31][32] 2. **Impact of Generative AI**: The rise of AI is creating more software workloads, increasing the demand for observability solutions [35][37] 3. **Macro Environment Resilience**: Despite a volatile macroeconomic environment, the observability market remains resilient, with companies seeking cost-saving solutions [41][42] 4. **Guidance Philosophy**: The company maintains a cautious approach to guidance, factoring in potential elongation of deal cycles while noting strong pipeline health [44][48] 5. **DPS Transition**: The new pricing model (DPS) has led to higher customer engagement, with customers leveraging more capabilities compared to the previous SKU-based model [51][53] This summary encapsulates the key points discussed during the Dynatrace conference call, highlighting the company's strategic direction, market position, and financial health.

Summary of Blend Labs Conference Call Company Overview - **Company**: Blend Labs - **Industry**: Mortgage and Consumer Banking Technology Key Points and Arguments Company Background and Ideology - Blend Labs was founded in 2012 to address inefficiencies in the mortgage industry, which was historically underserved by technology [5][4] - The company aims to provide a digital, data-driven origination experience for consumers, moving away from legacy systems [5][4] Customer Base and Market Penetration - Blend has successfully penetrated large financial institutions, which is challenging due to regulatory requirements [6][7] - The company has expanded its customer base and product lines over time, moving beyond mortgages to include all consumer banking products [5][7] Current Market Conditions - The mortgage industry faced significant challenges in 2023, with volumes down 70% and margins down 60% due to rising interest rates [10][11] - Financial institutions were primarily focused on stabilizing their operations during this period, leading to reduced technology investments [11][12] Future Outlook and Recovery - Blend's customer base is now profitable, allowing for renewed investments in technology as the market begins to recover [12][13] - Historical averages suggest a potential rebound in mortgage volumes, which could significantly benefit Blend's business model [12][60] Product Innovations - Blend has introduced new products like Rapid Home Equity and Rapid Refi, which enhance customer experience and increase conversion rates [19][24] - The Rapid Home Equity product has shown a conversion rate increase from 30% to 45% in pilot tests [22] Financial Profile and Revenue Model - Blend's revenue model is primarily usage-based, with contracts including a usage component [29][30] - The company has achieved positive free cash flow and non-GAAP operating profitability for three consecutive quarters [59][60] Competitive Landscape - Blend differentiates itself by offering a comprehensive platform that integrates mortgage, consumer banking, and small business solutions [56] - The competitive landscape varies by segment, with larger banks often opting for custom-built solutions while smaller institutions may use point solutions [54][55] Strategic Focus on AI and Automation - Blend is leveraging AI to improve operational efficiency and reduce costs associated with manual processes in the mortgage industry [34][36] - The company aims to provide a win-win scenario for clients by reducing their operational costs while increasing software spend [35][36] Transition to a Pure SaaS Model - Blend is simplifying its operations by divesting from non-core businesses like title insurance and home insurance, focusing on its software capabilities [61][63] - The transition allows Blend to concentrate on software development and leverage partnerships for ancillary services [63][65] Additional Important Insights - Blend Builder is a new platform that enables rapid product development and integration, allowing for faster and cheaper launches of new offerings [41][42] - The company is positioned to capitalize on the growing demand for digital solutions in the financial services sector, especially as interest rates stabilize [12][60] This summary encapsulates the key insights from the Blend Labs conference call, highlighting the company's strategic direction, market challenges, and innovative solutions within the mortgage and consumer banking technology landscape.

Summary of Dolby Laboratories (DLB) FY Conference June 04, 2025 Company Overview - **Company**: Dolby Laboratories (DLB) - **Industry**: Audio and Visual Technology - **Conference Date**: June 04, 2025 Key Points and Arguments 1. **Historical Growth**: Dolby has experienced growth through various product cycles, transitioning from analog to digital, and now to streaming technologies, indicating a resilient business model that adapts to technological changes [2][3][9] 2. **Recent Performance**: The business has been relatively flat over the last four years, but there are signs of growth returning, with an expected margin expansion of about 200 basis points as the business begins to grow again [3][51] 3. **Product Segmentation**: Dolby has broken out its revenue into foundational audio technologies and growth products like Dolby Atmos and Dolby Vision, which have shown significant growth [14][17] 4. **Revenue Composition**: Foundational audio technologies accounted for about 60% of licensing revenue last year, with expected low single-digit growth. In contrast, Dolby Atmos and Dolby Vision have grown at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of about 20% over the last four years, now making up 40% of licensing revenue [17][51] 5. **Ecosystem Focus**: Dolby emphasizes its role in the ecosystem of content creation and distribution, working closely with content creators, distributors, and device manufacturers to enhance the consumer experience [11][12] 6. **Technological Advancements**: Dolby Atmos allows for a more immersive audio experience by enabling sound mixing in a three-dimensional space, while Dolby Vision enhances visual quality with high dynamic range and color accuracy [20][24] 7. **New Business Model**: The introduction of OptiView, a SaaS model focused on real-time interactive digital experiences, particularly in mainstream sports and iGaming, is expected to enhance engagement and provide a competitive edge [30][31] 8. **Market Outlook**: The company anticipates stabilization in consumer device shipments, which will positively impact growth rates for Dolby Atmos and Dolby Vision, projecting a growth rate of 15-25% for these technologies [51] 9. **Impact of Macroeconomic Factors**: Tariffs and trade policies could pose slight headwinds, but the company has mechanisms in place to mitigate these risks, particularly in the mobile and automotive sectors [53][56] Additional Important Content 1. **Consumer Experience**: The focus on creating memorable experiences for consumers is central to Dolby's mission, with many users recalling their first experiences with Dolby technology [8][26] 2. **Cinema Expansion**: Dolby Cinema is expanding its presence, with plans to increase the number of screens significantly in the U.S. and enter new markets like India, capitalizing on the growing demand for premium movie experiences [66][68] 3. **Long-term Relationships**: Dolby aims to establish durable relationships with device manufacturers, ensuring fair pricing while maintaining high adoption rates for its technologies [61][62] This summary encapsulates the key insights from the conference, highlighting Dolby's strategic focus on growth, technological innovation, and market adaptation.

Summary of Rivian's Conference Call Company Overview - **Company**: Rivian - **Event**: Second annual UBS Auto and Auto Tech Conference - **Key Speaker**: RJ Skirinj, Founder and CEO Industry Context - **Industry**: Automotive, specifically Electric Vehicles (EVs) - **Current Trends**: Increased focus on domestic manufacturing and technology in the U.S. aligns with Rivian's strategy [10][11] Key Points and Arguments 1. Managing Volatility and Supply Chain Challenges - Rivian has faced significant challenges during product launches, including the pandemic and supply chain crises [3][4] - The company has developed robust supply chain processes and agile decision-making practices to adapt to rapid changes [5][6][7] 2. Government Policy and Its Impact - Rivian is actively engaging with the U.S. administration to address challenges related to EV policies and trade [9][15] - The administration's focus on domestic manufacturing aligns with Rivian's operational strategy, as the company employs over 15,000 people in the U.S. [10][11] 3. Product Launches and Market Position - Rivian's R1 series (R1S and R1T) has a significant market share, with the R1S being the best-selling electric SUV over $70,000, capturing approximately 35% of that market [30][31] - The upcoming R2 product line, starting at $45,000, targets a broader market segment, which is crucial for scaling the business [31][32] 4. Consumer Demand and Market Dynamics - Current consumer behavior shows volatility influenced by economic factors, including potential changes in EV credits and interest rates [28][29] - Despite a shift towards lower-priced vehicles, overall auto industry volume remains stable [32] 5. Regulatory Credits and Financial Guidance - Rivian anticipates approximately $300 million in regulatory credits for the year, factoring in expected changes in California's regulatory environment [33][34] - The company expects federal credits to become more valuable due to a pullback from other OEMs in electrification efforts [37][38] 6. Cost Management and Efficiency - Rivian has successfully reduced material costs by over 20% through strategic sourcing and supplier negotiations [58][59] - The R2 is expected to have significantly lower material costs compared to the R1, with ongoing optimization in design and manufacturing processes [65][66] 7. Advancements in Autonomy and AI - Rivian is transitioning to a more advanced AI-driven approach for vehicle autonomy, moving away from traditional rules-based systems [69][70] - The company is investing heavily in data architecture and AI capabilities, which will enhance vehicle features and performance over time [78][79] 8. Market Competition and Consumer Choice - The U.S. EV market is currently dominated by a few models, primarily from Tesla, limiting consumer choice [41][42] - Rivian aims to provide compelling alternatives to internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles, targeting consumers who may not have considered EVs previously [45][46] Additional Important Insights - Rivian's strategic partnerships, including a significant joint venture with Volkswagen, enhance its market position and supplier leverage [15][61] - The company is focused on educating policymakers about the complexities of automotive supply chains and the potential negative impacts of rapid regulatory changes [21][24] This summary encapsulates the key insights and strategic directions discussed during the conference call, highlighting Rivian's position in the evolving automotive landscape.

Summary of Glaukos (GKOS) 2025 Conference Call Company Overview - **Company**: Glaukos Corporation (GKOS) - **Industry**: Medical Supplies and Devices, specifically focused on glaucoma treatment Key Points and Arguments Interventional Glaucoma Paradigm Shift - The interventional glaucoma approach is gaining acceptance as a proactive method to manage glaucoma, moving away from traditional drop treatments which patients often neglect [3][4] - The company emphasizes the need for changing practice patterns and educating healthcare providers to adopt this new approach effectively [5][6] - The transition to an interventional approach is expected to take about ten years, with a focus on improving patient outcomes [6] Physician Adoption and Challenges - Physician receptiveness varies, but the main challenge lies in translating positive clinical feedback into actionable changes in practice [7][8] - The company is focused on addressing operational challenges within practices, such as educating referral networks and changing administrative processes [9] Market Dynamics and Treatment Modalities - The company acknowledges the competition from other treatment modalities like SLT and emphasizes the importance of interventional approaches in patient care [12][16] - The average patient remains in care for over 20 years, necessitating multiple interventions to manage their condition effectively [17] iDose Product Launch and Reimbursement - The iDose product has seen successful launch and is currently focused on securing reimbursement from various Medicare Administrative Contractors (MACs) [18][19] - The reimbursement landscape is segmented into three tiers, with varying levels of predictability and success in claims processing [19][20] - The company is actively working to streamline reimbursement processes and is optimistic about future growth in iDose contributions [26][27] Financial Performance and Cash Flow - The company aims to achieve cash flow breakeven in the near term, with expectations that iDose will contribute positively to gross margins over time [41][42] - Operating expenses are growing at a slower rate than revenue, indicating operational leverage is being achieved [45] Sales Strategy and Market Access - The sales force is deemed sufficient, with plans to fill geographic gaps as needed [47] - The company is focusing on supporting healthcare providers in navigating the complexities of commercial payer systems, which differ significantly from Medicare processes [36][37] Future Outlook and Growth Potential - The company anticipates continued growth in the MIGS market, with expectations of mid-single-digit growth rates in the long term [57][58] - The focus remains on increasing standalone utilization of iDose and other products, which may influence market dynamics and physician preferences [58] Additional Important Insights - The company is investing in educational initiatives and industry collaborations to promote best practices in interventional glaucoma [11] - The reimbursement process is described as a data collection effort by MACs to ensure medical necessity and appropriate payment calculations [23][24] - The company is also working on new product developments, including the Trio system, which aims to enhance in-office procedures [50][51] This summary encapsulates the key discussions and insights from the Glaukos conference call, highlighting the company's strategic focus on interventional glaucoma, product launches, and market dynamics.

Summary of Pacira BioSciences Inc (PCRX) Conference Call Company Overview - Pacira BioSciences is a leader in non-opioid pain management therapies, with market-leading products including EXPAREL for post-operative pain, ZILRETTA (the only long-acting FDA-approved steroid lasting up to three months), and ioverao (a cryoneurolysis device) [3][4] Core Points and Arguments - **EXPAREL Settlement**: A recent positive settlement regarding EXPAREL provides total exclusivity until February 2030, followed by a volume-limited market share for generics until February 2039. This settlement removes stock overhang and ensures substantial cash flows for reinvestment [10][11] - **Market Growth Potential**: The company believes there is significant room for growth in the market for EXPAREL, as it remains underpenetrated with a total addressable market (TAM) still in the high single digits [15] - **No Pain Act**: The No Pain Act, effective January 1, 2025, allows for additional reimbursement for innovative products like EXPAREL, which could positively impact the company’s revenue. Approximately 6 million out of 18 million procedures annually are covered under CMS [21][22][26] - **Commercial Payer Adoption**: There is an encouraging trend of commercial payers beginning to adopt policies similar to CMS, which is expected to enhance market penetration over time [26][30] - **Gross Margin Expansion**: The company aims to expand gross margins by five percentage points by 2030, aided by the cessation of low single-digit royalties on EXPAREL and increased manufacturing efficiency [36][37][41] Other Important Content - **Five by 30 Strategy**: The company has outlined a strategic plan to treat over 3 million patients, achieve double-digit growth, expand gross margins, develop five novel programs, and establish partnerships by 2030 [41][45] - **PCRX-201 Development**: The company is optimistic about PCRX-201, a gene therapy for osteoarthritis, citing compelling data and a favorable local delivery method. A Phase 2 study is underway, with results expected by the end of next year [60][62][64] - **Partnership Opportunities**: The company is exploring partnerships to expand its market reach, particularly outside the U.S., and to enhance its product offerings through synergistic sales strategies [46][50][54] This summary encapsulates the key points discussed during the conference call, highlighting the company's strategic direction, market opportunities, and product developments.

Summary of Relay Therapeutics Conference Call Company Overview - **Company**: Relay Therapeutics (Ticker: RLAY) - **Focus**: Development of selective PI3K alpha inhibitors for breast cancer and vascular malformations Key Points on Breast Cancer Treatment - **Mechanism**: Relay Therapeutics is developing a selective PI3K alpha inhibitor, ROI 2,608, which has shown promising results in clinical trials - **Clinical Data**: - Achieved an **11-month progression-free survival (PFS)** in the second line of therapy combined with fulvestrant - Reported a **39% overall response rate** and a **67% response rate** in the kinase-only subset of patients [4][9] - **Patient Population**: Approximately **40%** of hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer patients have a PI3K alpha mutation, indicating a significant market opportunity [5] - **Comparison with Competitors**: - ROI 2,608's PFS is **2x** that of capivasertib, which has a PFS of **5.5 months** [10] - Relay's drug is positioned to have a better safety profile, addressing issues like grade three hyperglycemia and diarrhea seen with other treatments [12][13] - **Future Trials**: Plans to initiate pivotal trials in the post-CDK4/6 population, aiming to establish ROI 2,608 as a frontline therapy [8][20] Insights on Competitive Landscape - **Roche's Data**: Roche has shown an overall survival benefit with a **15-month PFS** in a triplet therapy setting, but concerns about toxicity remain [14][16] - **Patient Selection**: Relay's trials are designed to include a broader patient population, allowing for those with pre-diabetic conditions, which may enhance the applicability of their treatment [27] Vascular Malformations Opportunity - **Market Size**: Approximately **170,000** patients in the U.S. have PI3KCA mutation-driven vascular malformations, with **5,000 to 15,000** specifically in the PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum [46][47] - **Current Treatments**: - Sirolimus is used off-label, and alpelisib (Vijoice) has received accelerated approval but has shown significant side effects like hyperglycemia [50][54] - **Relay's Approach**: The company aims to provide a more effective and tolerable treatment option, starting with a **400 mg BID** dosing regimen in their studies [57] Regulatory Path and Future Studies - **Accelerated Approval**: There is potential for an accelerated approval pathway due to the lack of fully approved treatments in the vascular malformations space [55] - **Study Design**: The upcoming trials will utilize a randomized dose selection approach, starting at the oncology phase three dose [57] Conclusion - Relay Therapeutics is positioned to capitalize on significant unmet needs in both breast cancer and vascular malformations through innovative therapies that promise improved efficacy and safety profiles. The company is actively preparing for pivotal trials and regulatory discussions to advance its promising drug candidates.