Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the social protection financing industry in Senegal Core Insights - Social protection is a central pillar of Senegal's development strategy, with the Vision Senegal 2050 placing it at the heart of the new development model [28] - Despite recent developments, the Senegalese social protection system remains insufficient to meet the population's needs, with less than one in four Senegalese benefiting from a social protection program [29] - The expansion of the fiscal space, particularly through increased tax revenues, is a prerequisite for enhanced financing of social assistance [31] Summary by Sections 1. Estimating Financing Needs for Social Protection - The current level of social protection spending in Senegal is low, amounting to 387 billion FCFA, or 2.4% of GDP in 2022, which is below many comparable developing countries [40] - The composition of social protection expenditures is diverse, with a significant portion allocated to non-contributory and contributory programs related to old age, health, poverty, and national solidarity [45] 2. Mobilizing More Tax Revenues for Social Protection Financing - The tax pressure rate in Senegal was 19.8% of GDP in 2022, with potential additional tax revenues estimated at around 3% of GDP through tax reform [31] - The report emphasizes the need for a tax reform that focuses on broadening the tax base rather than increasing rates, which are already high [32] 3. Prioritizing Budgetary Commitment for Social Protection - A cautious approach to earmarking revenues is recommended, as prioritizing budgetary commitments is preferable to rigid earmarking mechanisms that create budgetary inflexibilities [31] 4. Developing Contributory Schemes - The low level of social contributions is attributed to a narrow tax base and relatively low ceilings, with significant financial viability challenges within the health branch of contributory schemes [94][101] 5. Strengthening the Formal Economy and Engaging Self-Employed Workers - The extent of informal work hampers social protection financing, necessitating differentiated formalization strategies based on the profiles of informal workers [107][110] 6. Enhancing Social Compliance - Social evasion poses a major challenge for financing contributory schemes, requiring measures to strengthen compliance and improve the collection of social contributions [134][135] 7. Towards a Gradual Financing Strategy for Social Protection - Achieving universal social protection requires both the extension of social assistance and contributory schemes, with options and costs for gradual expansion discussed [140][141]

Reviews of National Policies for Education Education and Skills in Romania Education and Skills in Romania Reviews of National Policies for Education Reviews of National Policies for Education Education and Skills in Romania This document, as well as any data and map included herein, are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. The statistical data for Israel are supplie ...

OECD钢铁展望2025（简版） OECD钢铁展望2025（简 版） 本文件及其包含的数据和地图均不影响任何领土的地位、对该领土的主权、国际边界和界限的划定，亦不影响任何 领土、城市或地区的名称。 请按照以下方式引用此著作： OCDE (2025), OECD钢铁展望2025（简版） , 经济合作与发展组织出版社, 巴黎, https://doi.org/10.1787/08ed1cf9-fr . Perspectives de l'acier de l'OCDE 2025 (version abrégée) ISBN978-92-64-87644-6 (PDF) ISBN 978-92-64-47571-7 (HT ML) OCDE钢铁展望 ISSN 1995-3925 (imprimé) ISSN 1999-1193 (在线) Crédits photo : 版权所有 © Billy Stock/Shutterstock.com. https://www.oecd.org/fr/publications/support/corrigenda.html . OCDE出版物勘误表可在以下网址获取： © OCD ...

Examens de l'OCDE sur la coopération pour le développement: Canada 2025 Examens de l'OCDE sur la coopération pour le développement: Canada 2025 Examens de l'OCDE sur la coopération pour le développement : Canada 2025 Cet ouvrage est publié sous la responsabilité du Secrétaire général de l'OCDE. Les opinions et les arguments exprimés ici ne reflètent pas nécessairement les vues officielles des pays Membres de l'OCDE. Ce document, ainsi que les données et cartes qu'il peut comprendre, sont sans préjudice du s ...

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the Finnish economy but emphasizes the need for fiscal consolidation and structural reforms to support economic recovery and growth potential [25][30]. Core Insights - The Finnish economy is slowly recovering from a recession, with a projected real GDP growth of 0.7% in 2025 and 1.1% in 2026, driven by declining interest rates and improved purchasing power [30][32]. - Finland has a strong comparative advantage in renewable electricity and engineering, which positions it well for the green industrial transition, but faces challenges in productivity growth and labor market mismatches [25][28]. - The report highlights the importance of attracting foreign talent to address skill shortages and enhance economic growth, alongside the need for reforms in higher education to increase attainment rates [51][43]. Summary by Sections Economic Recovery and Public Finances - The Finnish economy is gradually recovering, but growth lags behind Nordic peers and the OECD average, with a contraction of 0.1% in 2024 [31][30]. - Fiscal pressures are increasing due to rising defense, health, and pension expenditures, with a fiscal deficit of 4.4% of GDP in 2024 [37][30]. - Structural reforms are necessary to improve public spending efficiency and address labor market mismatches to sustain recovery [39][30]. Higher Education Attainment - Finland's higher education attainment rate has stagnated, ranking 30th among OECD countries, contributing to labor shortages in highly skilled positions [44][43]. - The higher education system is primarily publicly funded, and reforms are needed to increase the number of first-entrant places and expand the range of post-graduate qualifications [49][43]. - Encouraging business funding for higher education research is essential to free up resources for new entrants [25][43]. Attracting Foreign Talent - Attracting high-skilled foreign workers is crucial for addressing current and future skill shortages, particularly in sectors like ICT and green energy [51][52]. - Language proficiency remains a barrier for foreign workers, necessitating expanded language training programs and flexible workplace language policies [53][52]. - Initiatives to provide more internship opportunities for foreign students are needed to improve retention rates post-graduation [54][52]. Transition to Net Zero - Finland is not on track to meet its 2035 net zero greenhouse gas emissions target, with a need for increased forest growth and reduced soil emissions [57][56]. - Investment in low-emissions technologies is essential, but current policies and emissions accounting methods hinder progress [67][56]. - The report emphasizes the importance of public-private partnerships to crowd in private investment for the green transition [67][56].

Investment Rating - The report highlights that Asia is home to the world's second largest start-up ecosystem, accounting for 23% of all venture capital investments from 2021 to 2023, indicating a strong investment rating for the region's start-up landscape [39][52]. Core Insights - The report emphasizes that innovative start-ups are crucial for closing productivity gaps and promoting inclusive development, with a growing interest in actions to support start-up creation and expansion across Asia [16][26]. - It identifies four key ecosystems in India, Indonesia, Thailand, and Viet Nam, which are opening opportunities for sustainable development through targeted policies and institutional support [42][48]. - The report notes that despite rapid growth, start-up ecosystems in Asia remain below their potential in terms of density, with an average of around 3 start-ups per 100,000 inhabitants compared to nearly 40 in OECD countries [41][67]. Summary by Sections Executive Summary - Asia's start-up ecosystem has seen significant growth, with venture capital investments reaching 0.5% of world GDP during 2021-2023, driven by digitalization and supportive public policies [39][52]. - The report outlines that the start-up landscape is diverse, with significant growth in countries like China and India, while newer ecosystems in Indonesia, Viet Nam, and Thailand have emerged rapidly [40][66]. Start-ups in Asia - The report provides a comparative overview of start-up ecosystems in India, Indonesia, Thailand, and Viet Nam, highlighting their unique characteristics and commonalities in policy support [48][49]. - It discusses the importance of targeted policies implemented since 2016, which have been pivotal in fostering start-up growth in these countries [42][43]. Promoting Start-ups in India - India is identified as the largest start-up hub in Asia by the number of start-ups, with significant government initiatives like Start-up India launched in 2016 [40][52]. - The report notes that India has a high concentration of renewable energy start-ups, with 1.6% of its start-ups focused on this sector, aligning with global trends [43][61]. Promoting Start-ups in Indonesia - Indonesia's start-up ecosystem is rapidly growing, supported by government initiatives since 2016, and is recognized as a major hub for cultural and creative industries [72][87]. - The report highlights the role of corporate venture capital in Indonesia, which accounted for 40% of all deals from 2020 to 2022 [43][75]. Promoting Start-ups in Thailand - Thailand is emerging as a significant start-up hub in Southeast Asia, with a focus on innovation and public-private initiatives in sectors like food-tech [100][114]. - The report emphasizes the importance of a supportive policy mix to enhance start-up growth in Thailand [106][117]. Promoting Start-ups in Viet Nam - Viet Nam is noted as the third largest start-up hub in Southeast Asia, with government policies aimed at fostering an innovative economy [130][136]. - The report discusses initiatives to support female entrepreneurs and the overall goal of creating a more inclusive start-up environment [143][146].

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development DAF/COMP/LACCF(2024)33 Unclassified English - Or. English 18 September 2024 DIRECTORATE FOR FINANCIAL AND ENTERPRISE AFFAIRS COMPETITION COMMITTEE Cancels & replaces the same document of 18 September 2024 Latin American and Caribbean Competition Forum LATIN AMERICAN AND CARIBBEAN COMPETITION FORUM Session III: Detecting cartels for ex officio investigations Background Note by the Secretariat 9-10 October 2024 This document was prepared by the OECD Secre ...

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry Core Insights - The report highlights the growing public health concern of cancer in the EU, driven by an ageing population and decreasing cancer mortality rates, although disparities remain among lower-income countries and demographics [17][18] - Improvements in cancer risk factors have been noted, particularly in smoking rates, but challenges persist with rising obesity rates [19] - Early detection efforts are facing declines in screening participation, despite some advancements in colorectal cancer screening [20] - Enhanced cancer survival rates are leading to increased focus on rehabilitation and quality of life programs for cancer survivors [21] Summary by Sections 1. Cancer Burden - The ageing population and lower cancer mortality rates are contributing to an increase in the number of people living with cancer, with an estimated 2,742,447 new cancer cases expected in the EU in 2022 [33][34] - Cancer incidence is higher among men (684 per 100,000) compared to women (488 per 100,000), with significant variations across EU countries [33][39] 2. Risk Factors and Prevention Policies - Tobacco smoking has decreased in almost all EU countries, with an average reduction from 22% in 2012 to 18% in 2022 [74] - Alcohol consumption has seen a slight decrease, averaging 10.0 liters per person aged 15 and over in 2022, with significant country-level variations [78] - Overweight and obesity remain significant challenges, with over half of adults in the EU classified as overweight [72] 3. Early Detection - Participation in breast cancer screening has declined in over half of EU countries, while cervical cancer screening has decreased in two-thirds of countries [20] - Many countries have introduced population-based colorectal cancer screening, promoting earlier detection [20] 4. Cancer Care Performance - There are ongoing efforts to improve accessibility and quality of cancer care, with notable improvements in survival estimates across EU countries [32][35] - The increasing cancer burden is impacting health systems and economies, necessitating investments in follow-up and rehabilitative care [35][37] 5. Spotlight on Paediatric Cancer Care - Over 50% of new cancer diagnoses among children are from three main types: leukaemia, brain cancer, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma [40] 6. Cancer Performance Trackers - The report includes a Cancer Performance Tracker (CaPTr) for each country, assessing performance across various cancer domains [22]

Summary of Conference Call Records Industry Overview - The conference call primarily discusses the aerospace and defense industry, particularly focusing on the military technology sector and its growth prospects leading up to 2025, which is identified as a critical year for the completion of the 14th Five-Year Plan [1][6]. Key Points and Arguments - **2025 Strategic Goals**: The company emphasizes the importance of achieving comprehensive success in military tasks by 2025, which is seen as a pivotal year for the completion of national defense objectives [1]. - **Market Demand**: There is an expectation for a gradual clarification of equipment demand across various sectors, which is anticipated to create a positive market sentiment from both top-down and bottom-up perspectives [1]. - **ROE Importance**: The return on equity (ROE) is highlighted as a crucial metric for evaluating investment opportunities, with an emphasis on its potential for expansion and its role in attracting capital [2][11]. - **Comparison with US Market**: The call draws comparisons between the US and Chinese markets, noting that while US military stocks have shown strong performance due to stable and high ROE, China's military sector still has room for improvement in economic capabilities [2]. - **Maintenance Services**: The maintenance segment is identified as a resilient business model that can provide predictable revenue and higher profit margins, contributing to long-term growth [3]. - **Military Trade Expansion**: The call discusses the potential for military trade to break domestic price constraints, allowing contractors to achieve higher profits, with the US defense budget reaching approximately $200 billion annually [4]. - **Technological Attributes**: The military sector is characterized by strong technological attributes, and it is advised not to treat it merely as a cyclical industry but rather as a growth sector with significant technological advancements [6]. - **Cost Reduction vs. Performance**: There is a discussion on the balance between reducing costs and enhancing performance in military equipment, emphasizing that lower prices should not compromise the quality and capabilities of the equipment [8]. - **Supply Chain Reforms**: The need for supply chain reforms is mentioned, particularly in reducing the number of suppliers in the defense sector to enhance efficiency [9]. - **Investment Recommendations**: The call suggests focusing on companies with strong maintenance capabilities and those involved in military trade, as well as highlighting specific companies like Guorui Technology and Honglu Aviation as potential investment targets [10]. Additional Important Insights - **Global Perspective**: A global view of the military sector is encouraged, considering the interconnectedness of various markets and the importance of technological advancements in driving growth [6]. - **Long-term Investment Strategy**: The importance of adopting a long-term investment strategy in the military sector is emphasized, particularly when market positions are low [11]. This summary encapsulates the key insights and strategic directions discussed in the conference call, providing a comprehensive overview of the aerospace and defense industry's current landscape and future outlook.

Investment Rating - The report assesses the financial consumer protection supervisory functions of the Central Bank of Ireland as well aligned with the G20/OECD High-Level Principles on Financial Consumer Protection, indicating a positive investment outlook for the sector [30][93]. Core Insights - The Central Bank of Ireland has significantly strengthened its consumer protection framework over the last decade, aligning with global standards and adapting to the evolving financial services landscape [6][30]. - The OECD review highlights the Central Bank's commitment to continuous improvement and responsiveness to consumer needs, emphasizing the importance of consumer engagement and effective communication [7][21]. - The report identifies areas for improvement and provides recommendations to enhance the Central Bank's supervisory functions, focusing on integrated approaches and data utilization [37][60]. Summary by Sections Executive Summary - The review evaluates the Central Bank's functions against the G20/OECD FCP Principles, identifying strengths and areas for improvement [30][31]. - Recommendations are provided to support the Central Bank's transformation and enhance consumer protection outcomes [37][60]. Introduction - The review aims to map the Central Bank's supervisory functions against the FCP Principles, considering the broader financial consumer protection landscape in Ireland [41][43]. - The Central Bank's strategy emphasizes continuous improvement and adaptation to a changing financial environment [36][41]. Key Findings and Recommendations - The Central Bank is recognized as a mature oversight body with effective policies to monitor financial markets and improve consumer outcomes [55][93]. - Recommendations are grouped into six themes, including ensuring consumer protection within an integrated supervisory approach and enhancing consumer engagement [60][77]. Mapping of Supervisory Functions - The report details the legal, regulatory, and supervisory framework governing financial consumer protection in Ireland, highlighting the Central Bank's role [106][107]. - Specific principles are outlined, detailing the Central Bank's practices and alignment with international standards [104][106]. Assessment of Functions - The assessment indicates that while the Central Bank's functions are well-aligned with the FCP Principles, there are opportunities for further strengthening its supervisory capabilities [37][93]. - The report emphasizes the importance of consumer trust and the need for effective communication regarding financial products and services [54][87].