Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the Finnish economy but emphasizes the need for fiscal consolidation and structural reforms to support economic recovery and growth potential [25][30]. Core Insights - The Finnish economy is slowly recovering from a recession, with a projected real GDP growth of 0.7% in 2025 and 1.1% in 2026, driven by declining interest rates and improved purchasing power [30][32]. - Finland has a strong comparative advantage in renewable electricity and engineering, which positions it well for the green industrial transition, but faces challenges in productivity growth and labor market mismatches [25][28]. - The report highlights the importance of attracting foreign talent to address skill shortages and enhance economic growth, alongside the need for reforms in higher education to increase attainment rates [51][43]. Summary by Sections Economic Recovery and Public Finances - The Finnish economy is gradually recovering, but growth lags behind Nordic peers and the OECD average, with a contraction of 0.1% in 2024 [31][30]. - Fiscal pressures are increasing due to rising defense, health, and pension expenditures, with a fiscal deficit of 4.4% of GDP in 2024 [37][30]. - Structural reforms are necessary to improve public spending efficiency and address labor market mismatches to sustain recovery [39][30]. Higher Education Attainment - Finland's higher education attainment rate has stagnated, ranking 30th among OECD countries, contributing to labor shortages in highly skilled positions [44][43]. - The higher education system is primarily publicly funded, and reforms are needed to increase the number of first-entrant places and expand the range of post-graduate qualifications [49][43]. - Encouraging business funding for higher education research is essential to free up resources for new entrants [25][43]. Attracting Foreign Talent - Attracting high-skilled foreign workers is crucial for addressing current and future skill shortages, particularly in sectors like ICT and green energy [51][52]. - Language proficiency remains a barrier for foreign workers, necessitating expanded language training programs and flexible workplace language policies [53][52]. - Initiatives to provide more internship opportunities for foreign students are needed to improve retention rates post-graduation [54][52]. Transition to Net Zero - Finland is not on track to meet its 2035 net zero greenhouse gas emissions target, with a need for increased forest growth and reduced soil emissions [57][56]. - Investment in low-emissions technologies is essential, but current policies and emissions accounting methods hinder progress [67][56]. - The report emphasizes the importance of public-private partnerships to crowd in private investment for the green transition [67][56].

Investment Rating - The report highlights that Asia is home to the world's second largest start-up ecosystem, accounting for 23% of all venture capital investments from 2021 to 2023, indicating a strong investment rating for the region's start-up landscape [39][52]. Core Insights - The report emphasizes that innovative start-ups are crucial for closing productivity gaps and promoting inclusive development, with a growing interest in actions to support start-up creation and expansion across Asia [16][26]. - It identifies four key ecosystems in India, Indonesia, Thailand, and Viet Nam, which are opening opportunities for sustainable development through targeted policies and institutional support [42][48]. - The report notes that despite rapid growth, start-up ecosystems in Asia remain below their potential in terms of density, with an average of around 3 start-ups per 100,000 inhabitants compared to nearly 40 in OECD countries [41][67]. Summary by Sections Executive Summary - Asia's start-up ecosystem has seen significant growth, with venture capital investments reaching 0.5% of world GDP during 2021-2023, driven by digitalization and supportive public policies [39][52]. - The report outlines that the start-up landscape is diverse, with significant growth in countries like China and India, while newer ecosystems in Indonesia, Viet Nam, and Thailand have emerged rapidly [40][66]. Start-ups in Asia - The report provides a comparative overview of start-up ecosystems in India, Indonesia, Thailand, and Viet Nam, highlighting their unique characteristics and commonalities in policy support [48][49]. - It discusses the importance of targeted policies implemented since 2016, which have been pivotal in fostering start-up growth in these countries [42][43]. Promoting Start-ups in India - India is identified as the largest start-up hub in Asia by the number of start-ups, with significant government initiatives like Start-up India launched in 2016 [40][52]. - The report notes that India has a high concentration of renewable energy start-ups, with 1.6% of its start-ups focused on this sector, aligning with global trends [43][61]. Promoting Start-ups in Indonesia - Indonesia's start-up ecosystem is rapidly growing, supported by government initiatives since 2016, and is recognized as a major hub for cultural and creative industries [72][87]. - The report highlights the role of corporate venture capital in Indonesia, which accounted for 40% of all deals from 2020 to 2022 [43][75]. Promoting Start-ups in Thailand - Thailand is emerging as a significant start-up hub in Southeast Asia, with a focus on innovation and public-private initiatives in sectors like food-tech [100][114]. - The report emphasizes the importance of a supportive policy mix to enhance start-up growth in Thailand [106][117]. Promoting Start-ups in Viet Nam - Viet Nam is noted as the third largest start-up hub in Southeast Asia, with government policies aimed at fostering an innovative economy [130][136]. - The report discusses initiatives to support female entrepreneurs and the overall goal of creating a more inclusive start-up environment [143][146].

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development DAF/COMP/LACCF(2024)33 Unclassified English - Or. English 18 September 2024 DIRECTORATE FOR FINANCIAL AND ENTERPRISE AFFAIRS COMPETITION COMMITTEE Cancels & replaces the same document of 18 September 2024 Latin American and Caribbean Competition Forum LATIN AMERICAN AND CARIBBEAN COMPETITION FORUM Session III: Detecting cartels for ex officio investigations Background Note by the Secretariat 9-10 October 2024 This document was prepared by the OECD Secre ...

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry Core Insights - The report highlights the growing public health concern of cancer in the EU, driven by an ageing population and decreasing cancer mortality rates, although disparities remain among lower-income countries and demographics [17][18] - Improvements in cancer risk factors have been noted, particularly in smoking rates, but challenges persist with rising obesity rates [19] - Early detection efforts are facing declines in screening participation, despite some advancements in colorectal cancer screening [20] - Enhanced cancer survival rates are leading to increased focus on rehabilitation and quality of life programs for cancer survivors [21] Summary by Sections 1. Cancer Burden - The ageing population and lower cancer mortality rates are contributing to an increase in the number of people living with cancer, with an estimated 2,742,447 new cancer cases expected in the EU in 2022 [33][34] - Cancer incidence is higher among men (684 per 100,000) compared to women (488 per 100,000), with significant variations across EU countries [33][39] 2. Risk Factors and Prevention Policies - Tobacco smoking has decreased in almost all EU countries, with an average reduction from 22% in 2012 to 18% in 2022 [74] - Alcohol consumption has seen a slight decrease, averaging 10.0 liters per person aged 15 and over in 2022, with significant country-level variations [78] - Overweight and obesity remain significant challenges, with over half of adults in the EU classified as overweight [72] 3. Early Detection - Participation in breast cancer screening has declined in over half of EU countries, while cervical cancer screening has decreased in two-thirds of countries [20] - Many countries have introduced population-based colorectal cancer screening, promoting earlier detection [20] 4. Cancer Care Performance - There are ongoing efforts to improve accessibility and quality of cancer care, with notable improvements in survival estimates across EU countries [32][35] - The increasing cancer burden is impacting health systems and economies, necessitating investments in follow-up and rehabilitative care [35][37] 5. Spotlight on Paediatric Cancer Care - Over 50% of new cancer diagnoses among children are from three main types: leukaemia, brain cancer, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma [40] 6. Cancer Performance Trackers - The report includes a Cancer Performance Tracker (CaPTr) for each country, assessing performance across various cancer domains [22]

像这个航天科技航天科工集团专门召开了2025年的工作会议1月2号根据航天科技航天科工的公众号 哈林科技指出2025年的工作任务重难度高一场大将任务考核转化为确保任务圆满完成的内生动力要确保稳重静好包括科工集团也明确提到在前面部署2025年的航天防务工作全力夺取2025年型号任务的全面胜利确保十四五规划任务的收官从工科技明确的2025年的型号工作会议来看2025年是十四五的收官之年 我们认为各个领域相关装备需求的计划是有望逐渐明确的是有望逐渐形成自上而下而上的景气过道预期的所以我们一直给大家汇报短期股票涨和跌原因比较复杂和比较多从板块本身大家要重视板块的配置价值 我们还是强调是景气扩张或景气向上我们不是很强调周期盘算这个逻辑另外的话就是我们今年大家熟悉我们的领导都知道我们今年给大家讲可以从PB、ROE视角上去理解这个军阀化的现场弹性PB的话是代表了固执的上衔但背后的话我们核心还是强调ROE本身我们也给大家去对比过东方国内环境系 都是我们这个行业里非常优秀的公司比如说大家会去讨论为什么光电的PB多半是比电器要高一些的其实大家去猜猜看的话光电大部分时间的ROE也是比电器的ROE稍微高一些的当两个企业的ROE回归的时 ...

Investment Rating - The report assesses the financial consumer protection supervisory functions of the Central Bank of Ireland as well aligned with the G20/OECD High-Level Principles on Financial Consumer Protection, indicating a positive investment outlook for the sector [30][93]. Core Insights - The Central Bank of Ireland has significantly strengthened its consumer protection framework over the last decade, aligning with global standards and adapting to the evolving financial services landscape [6][30]. - The OECD review highlights the Central Bank's commitment to continuous improvement and responsiveness to consumer needs, emphasizing the importance of consumer engagement and effective communication [7][21]. - The report identifies areas for improvement and provides recommendations to enhance the Central Bank's supervisory functions, focusing on integrated approaches and data utilization [37][60]. Summary by Sections Executive Summary - The review evaluates the Central Bank's functions against the G20/OECD FCP Principles, identifying strengths and areas for improvement [30][31]. - Recommendations are provided to support the Central Bank's transformation and enhance consumer protection outcomes [37][60]. Introduction - The review aims to map the Central Bank's supervisory functions against the FCP Principles, considering the broader financial consumer protection landscape in Ireland [41][43]. - The Central Bank's strategy emphasizes continuous improvement and adaptation to a changing financial environment [36][41]. Key Findings and Recommendations - The Central Bank is recognized as a mature oversight body with effective policies to monitor financial markets and improve consumer outcomes [55][93]. - Recommendations are grouped into six themes, including ensuring consumer protection within an integrated supervisory approach and enhancing consumer engagement [60][77]. Mapping of Supervisory Functions - The report details the legal, regulatory, and supervisory framework governing financial consumer protection in Ireland, highlighting the Central Bank's role [106][107]. - Specific principles are outlined, detailing the Central Bank's practices and alignment with international standards [104][106]. Assessment of Functions - The assessment indicates that while the Central Bank's functions are well-aligned with the FCP Principles, there are opportunities for further strengthening its supervisory capabilities [37][93]. - The report emphasizes the importance of consumer trust and the need for effective communication regarding financial products and services [54][87].

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the insurance industry. Core Insights - The insurance industry is unevenly developed globally, with lower coverage in less advanced economies [28][29] - Non-life insurance premiums grew by 12.4% on average in nominal terms in 2023, with a real growth rate of 6.2%, indicating a recovery in demand post-COVID-19 [23][76] - Life insurance premiums showed stable growth overall, but some jurisdictions experienced declines due to higher interest rates affecting consumer behavior [25][33] - Investment performance for insurers improved significantly in 2023, reversing previous negative trends, with two-thirds of jurisdictions reporting positive real investment returns [26][32] - Insurer profitability broadly improved in 2023, with positive underwriting performance and investment gains contributing to increased shareholder equity [27][33] Summary by Sections 1. Global Insurance Market Overview - The penetration of the insurance industry varies widely, with higher levels in advanced economies where premiums can exceed 10% of GDP [22][37] - The non-life sector dominates the insurance industry, accounting for 55% of total premiums written in 2023 [40] - Life insurance is more prominent in regions with higher per capita income, with advanced economies showing a higher share of life premiums [56][57] 2. Non-Life Sector Performance - Non-life premiums grew across all reporting jurisdictions, driven by increased claims costs and higher policy rates [23][72] - The nominal growth of non-life premiums was visible in major classes such as motor vehicle, fire, and health insurance [72][80] - Insurers faced higher claims costs, with gross claims payments increasing by around 17% in nominal terms in 2023 [88][94] 3. Life Sector Performance - Life sector premium growth remained stable overall, with some jurisdictions experiencing declines due to higher interest rates impacting consumer choices [25][26] - The demand for annuity products increased in a higher interest rate environment, while some customers surrendered policies for alternative investments [24][25] 4. Investment Performance - Insurers achieved positive investment returns in real terms in about two-thirds of reporting jurisdictions, contrasting with negative returns in 2022 [32] - Developments in financial markets, including falling government bond yields and strong equity market performance, contributed to improved investment outcomes [26][32] 5. Profitability Trends - Insurer profitability improved in 2023, reversing previous negative performance, with gains in shareholder equity noted across many jurisdictions [27][33] - The implementation of new accounting standards (IFRS 17) in several jurisdictions impacted recorded liabilities and equity [33]

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the Digital Economy sector Core Insights - The report outlines a roadmap for measuring the Digital Economy, emphasizing the need for a common definition and a set of indicators to assess jobs, skills, and growth in this sector [21][47] - It highlights the critical role of digital technologies in transforming economies and the importance of measuring their impact on employment and productivity [21][22] - The report identifies major trends in the Digital Economy, including the increasing reliance on digital inputs and the emergence of new business models [22][23] Summary by Sections Executive Summary - The report builds on previous G20 work to develop a common framework for measuring the Digital Economy, proposing a definition and indicators for jobs, skills, and growth [21][47] Chapter 1: Measuring the Digital Economy - The chapter provides context for the Digital Economy, showcasing key trends and updating indicators from the 2018 G20 Toolkit [22][23] - It discusses the importance of infrastructure, societal empowerment, and innovation in driving the Digital Economy [23][24] Chapter 2: Definitions and Measurement Challenges - The chapter proposes a comprehensive definition of the Digital Economy, emphasizing economic activities reliant on digital inputs [25][26] - It introduces a tiered framework to categorize different aspects of the Digital Economy, including core, narrow, broad measures, and the digital society [27][28] Chapter 3: Jobs, Skills, and Growth - This chapter presents indicators related to jobs in the Digital Economy, highlighting the growth of digital-intensive sectors and the impact of digitalization on employment [36][37] - It emphasizes the need for skills development to meet the demands of the Digital Economy and the importance of monitoring gender disparities in ICT-related occupations [36][37] Chapter 4: Roadmap for a Common Framework - The chapter outlines practical steps for implementing the G20 definition and indicators, focusing on building capacity and improving data collection [778][779] - It emphasizes the need for collaboration among G20 countries and international organizations to enhance measurement efforts [780][781]

Investment Rating - The report does not provide a specific investment rating for the industry Core Insights - The report emphasizes the need for improved performance auditing in the public sector of Poland, highlighting the current focus on compliance auditing and the lack of managerial accountability [9][10] - It outlines the principles of performance auditing, which include economy, efficiency, and effectiveness, and stresses the importance of integrating these principles into the auditing process [11][27] - The guidance aims to enhance the competencies of internal audit functions in Poland, providing a structured approach to performance audits [10][12] Summary by Sections Introduction to Performance Auditing - The report defines performance auditing as an independent assessment of the economy, efficiency, and effectiveness of government policies and programs [24][23] - It highlights the increasing expectations for performance audits to meet higher international standards [27] Planning an Audit Engagement - The planning phase is crucial for gathering relevant information and defining the audit scope, objectives, and methodology [60][61] - A scoring matrix can be used to prioritize audit topics based on criteria such as materiality, auditability, and potential impact [66] Conducting the Audit - The report discusses various approaches to performance audits, including system-oriented, result-oriented, and problem-oriented methods [73] - It emphasizes the importance of stakeholder engagement and the need for a clear understanding of the audit subject [70][72] Development of Findings, Conclusions, and Recommendations - The report outlines the process for developing audit findings and recommendations, stressing the need for clear objectives and criteria [76][78] - It highlights the importance of documenting the audit process and maintaining independence throughout [62][61] Reporting - The reporting phase includes communicating results to stakeholders and ensuring quality control of the audit work [39][41] - The report suggests that performance audits should be flexible and tailored to the specific context of the audit subject [28][29] Follow-up - The report discusses the importance of follow-up audits to assess the impact of previous audits and ensure that recommendations are implemented [21][44]

Investment Rating - The report does not provide a specific investment rating for the industry or initiatives assessed Core Insights - The OECD alignment assessments aim to evaluate sustainability initiatives' alignment with OECD due diligence guidance and credibility criteria, enhancing clarity for stakeholders regarding the initiatives' scope and credibility [6][22] - The methodology is designed to adapt to various initiatives, focusing on their specific activities and governance systems, rather than conducting a broad evaluation [24][25] - The assessments include a comprehensive approach involving document reviews, stakeholder interviews, and shadow assessments to ensure a thorough evaluation of the initiatives [52][72] Summary by Sections Purpose, Focus, and Process of OECD Alignment Assessments - The purpose of OECD alignment assessments is to evaluate sustainability initiatives against OECD due diligence guidance, aiming to strengthen and harmonize approaches to due diligence [22] - The assessments focus on the standards, activities, processes, and systems of sustainability initiatives rather than the due diligence of individual enterprises [23] - The selection of initiatives for assessment considers factors such as scope, due diligence integration, and the status of policies and implementation activities [30][34] Assessment Methodology - The assessment methodology consists of three main components: standards assessment, implementation assessment, and credibility assessment [35] - Each component involves specific activities such as document reviews, interviews, and shadow assessments to gather evidence and evaluate alignment with OECD standards [72][75] - The methodology allows for flexibility, enabling assessments to be tailored to the specific context and activities of the initiative being evaluated [24][25] Interpretation and Ratings - The assessment process includes interpreting criteria, documenting analysis, and providing ratings based on the findings [3.1][3.2] - Detailed public assessment reports are essential for explaining the scope and outcomes of the assessments to stakeholders [26][28] Stakeholder Consultation and Publishing Assessment Results - Stakeholder consultation is a critical part of the assessment process, ensuring that diverse perspectives are considered [4.1] - The final assessment results are published to provide transparency and clarity regarding the initiative's alignment with OECD standards [4.2]