抗日战争爆发后，中国东部对外交通线路陆续被日军切断，通过新疆与苏联联系的西北通道成了中国与 国际的重要陆上通道。为了保证国际援华物资运输顺畅，新疆各族群众积极投身筑路运动，或捐款捐 物，或参与筑路，为支援前线抗战作出了巨大贡献。 援华物资经西北国际通道的主要运输路线为：从霍尔果斯进入新疆，一路向东运至迪化（今乌鲁木 齐）、吐鲁番、哈密等地，再出星星峡陆续运往抗日前线。新疆地方志编纂委员会搜集的史料记载，在 新疆各族群众的努力下，从1937年到1944年，新疆建成可通车公路5301公里，抗战时期包括飞机、坦 克、弹药、汽车、汽油、药品等各种物资，通过西北国际通道送达抗日前线。 新疆地域广阔、地形复杂，抗战爆发时新疆交通条件落后，道路崎岖难行，难以通行载重汽车，保障物 资运输的任务异常艰巨。《新疆通史》编委会专职副主任苗普生说，当时疆内有的地方还未通公路，有 的地方道路年久失修、破损严重，一些国际援华物资为重型武器装备，对公路要求高，因此修路护路成 为首要任务。 为了抗日救国，当时新疆各族群众积极投身到筑路修路运动当中。有些路段要穿过戈壁沙漠或高原山 区，还有些路段要建在天山山脉的群山峻岭之中，在修筑和养护公路的 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the life and legacy of General Ji Hongchang, a prominent figure in the anti-Japanese resistance, emphasizing his dedication to the nation and his ultimate sacrifice for the cause of patriotism [2][3][4]. Group 1: Historical Context - Ji Hongchang was born in 1895 in Fuguo County, Henan Province, and rose through the ranks from soldier to general due to his bravery and military achievements [2]. - He opposed the internal conflict initiated by Chiang Kai-shek and sought to unite forces against Japanese aggression, expressing his willingness to fight for the country even at the cost of his life [2][3]. Group 2: Contributions to Anti-Japanese Efforts - In 1932, Ji returned to China amidst the "January 28 Incident" and mobilized his former troops to resist Japanese invasion, later joining the Chinese Communist Party [3]. - He played a significant role in the establishment of the "Chahar People's Anti-Japanese Alliance Army" in 1933, leading military operations against Japanese forces [3][4]. Group 3: Legacy and Commemoration - The Ji Hongchang Memorial Hall features exhibits that honor his contributions, including military artifacts from the anti-Japanese war [4]. - The local government has named major roads after him and established educational initiatives to promote his legacy and the values of patriotism among the youth [4].

他带领的队伍被毛泽东同志称为"百战百胜的回民支队"。抗日战争时期，他率部转战冀中平原、渤海之 滨、冀鲁豫敌后战场，经历大小战斗870余次，歼灭日伪军3.67万余名，建起"敌后抗日堡垒"，沉重打 击了日寇的嚣张气焰。 他是马本斋，1902年生于河北献县一个贫苦回族农民家庭。七七事变后，日本侵略军的铁蹄踏进华北， 马本斋誓以热血卫中华，组织青壮年奋起抵抗日本侵略者。1938年1月，马本斋组建回民抗日义勇队。 "拿起枪，保家园！"他振臂一呼，唤起回族同胞抗日热情。1938年3月，他率队前往冀中抗日根据地重 要区域河北河间，加入中国共产党领导的河北游击军，编为回民教导队，后与另一支回民抗日武装合编 为八路军冀中军区回民教导总队；1938年10月，他正式加入中国共产党。 他在入党申请书中写道："我心甘情愿把我的一切献给伟大的中国共产党，献给为回族解放和整个中华 民族的解放而奋斗的伟业。" 早年投身行伍的经历，锤炼了马本斋卓越的军事素养。1939年7月，马本斋任八路军冀中军区回民支队 司令员，炸桥梁、破公路、打伏击，屡创日伪军。 为纪念抗日英雄马本斋，献县本斋回族乡本斋东村建成纪念馆，并面向公众开放。在马本斋纪念馆，北 ...

Core Viewpoint - The year 2025 marks the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War, highlighting the significance of patriotism and national spirit in this historical context [1] Group 1 - Yang Jingyu, a prominent figure in the anti-Japanese resistance, demonstrated unwavering determination and leadership throughout his life, becoming a symbol of the Chinese spirit [3][10] - His famous response to surrender offers, "If we Chinese surrender, is there still a China?" reflects his deep commitment to the nation even in dire circumstances [5] - Yang Jingyu's strategic use of guerrilla warfare made him a nightmare for Japanese forces in Northeast China, showcasing his military prowess [7][16] Group 2 - In 1937, following the outbreak of the "July 7 Incident," Yang Jingyu called for unity among various ethnic groups and classes in Northeast China to resist Japanese invaders [11] - Yang Jingyu's leadership during the Longgang Battle in August 1938 resulted in significant losses for the Japanese puppet forces, further establishing his reputation as a skilled commander [14][16] - Despite facing extreme hardships, including starvation and relentless enemy attacks, Yang Jingyu chose to remain in South Manchuria to uphold the anti-Japanese banner, understanding the symbolic importance of his presence [20][22] Group 3 - In the final months of his life, Yang Jingyu engaged in 47 battles against Japanese and puppet forces, ultimately sacrificing his life in February 1940 at the age of 35 [24] - After his death, the Japanese military sought to understand his resilience, discovering that he had survived on inedible materials, which highlighted his extraordinary endurance [26] - The death of Yang Jingyu was celebrated by the Japanese as a significant victory, yet it also underscored the indomitable spirit of the Chinese resistance, as noted by a Japanese war criminal's reflection on the strength of Chinese patriots [28][32]

Core Points - The article highlights the life and experiences of Sun Wenxiu, a centenarian veteran who participated in the Anti-Japanese War and later served in the Korean War, emphasizing his contributions and the sacrifices made by his comrades [2][3][4][5][6]. Group 1: Early Life and Military Involvement - Sun Wenxiu was born in February 1924 in Shandong and initially named "Seventy-One" after his grandmother's age, later renamed by his commander to Sun Wenxiu to reflect the importance of education alongside military prowess [2][3]. - At the age of 14, he joined the Eighth Route Army to fight against Japanese invaders, motivated by a desire to protect the local populace [3][4]. Group 2: Combat Experiences - Sun participated in numerous battles, including a significant engagement where his unit was surrounded by Japanese forces, showcasing the strategic support from local villagers that enabled their successful escape [4]. - He quickly rose through the ranks, becoming a squad leader and later a deputy platoon leader, emphasizing the importance of tactical thinking and minimizing casualties during combat [4][5]. Group 3: Post-War Contributions - After the war, Sun Wenxiu served as a deputy county head in Jilin Province, where he focused on building a memorial for General Yang Jingyu and addressing public health issues, such as providing clean drinking water to combat diseases [6]. - His commitment to serving the community and sharing his wartime experiences with future generations reflects his dedication to national development and patriotism [6].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the life and experiences of Sun Yeman, a veteran who participated in significant battles during the Anti-Japanese War, the Liberation War, and the Korean War, emphasizing his dedication to protecting his family, comrades, and country [6][12]. Group 1: Early Life and Motivation - Sun Yeman was born in January 1926 in Anhui Province and faced hardships in his childhood, including the loss of his father and poverty [6][8]. - His early experiences with Japanese invaders and the struggles of his family instilled a strong desire to fight back against oppression [6][7]. Group 2: Military Career - In December 1943, at the age of 17, Sun Yeman made the pivotal decision to join the New Fourth Army to combat Japanese forces [8][9]. - He underwent rigorous training, which not only enhanced his military skills but also fostered lifelong friendships with fellow soldiers [9][13]. Group 3: Notable Battles - Sun Yeman participated in a significant battle during the Spring Festival of 1944, where his unit successfully attacked a Japanese stronghold, leading to the capture of numerous enemy weapons [10][12]. - The victory was celebrated by local villagers, marking a memorable moment in his military career [12]. Group 4: Post-War Contributions - After the establishment of New China, Sun Yeman continued to serve the country by engaging in various construction projects, including building reservoirs and underground facilities [13]. - He has remained committed to sharing his revolutionary stories and encouraging younger generations to contribute to national development [13][14].

平型关大捷主战场乔沟。 图为平型关大捷纪念馆提供 1937年七七事变后，根据国共两党达成的协议，中国工农红军第一、第二、第四方面军及陕北红军等部 改编为国民革命军第八路军。 平型关大捷后，八路军向敌后挺进。 图为中国人民抗日战争纪念馆提供 115师战士伏击日军。 图为中国人民抗日战争纪念馆提供 115师独立团向灵丘以东的腰站地区开进。 图为平型关大捷纪念馆提供 为配合友军作战，9月24日，八路军第115师确定在平型关东北方向的关沟经乔沟至东河南镇长约13公里 的公路旁采取一翼伏击的战术。25日拂晓，日军第5师团辎重联队和第21旅团主力等部队沿灵丘至平型 关公路由东向西开进，7时许全部进入第115师预伏地域。第115师抓住战机，突然发起全线攻击。经过 激烈战斗，全歼被围日军。 此战，八路军第115师以自身伤亡400余人的代价，歼灭日军1000余人，并缴获大批军用物资。平型关大 捷是八路军首次集中较大兵力对日军进行的一次成功的伏击战，打破了日军不可战胜的神话，极大地增 强了全国军民的抗战信心，提高了共产党和八路军的威望。 （本报记者徐雷鹏、郑洋洋整理） 《 人民日报 》（ 2025年06月18日 11 版） (责 ...

数十万义勇军以血肉搏寸土 起来！起来！ 东北抗日义勇军纪念馆内陈列的《血肉长城》群雕版画。 本报记者 田勇 摄 本报记者 张颖 丁克、丁世恩、马占山、王凤阁、邓铁梅……王介予、孙忠臣。 本溪桓仁，东北抗日义勇军纪念馆的名录墙上，二千二百三十五个名字静静排列。十四年抗战，众多义 勇军将士血洒疆场。然而，从浩如烟海的史料与记忆碎片中打捞起的姓名，不过是其中极小的一部分。 "王介予、孙忠臣"，是这面不断延伸的名录墙上，最新镌刻的两个名字。 2235个名字 步入东北抗日义勇军纪念馆，时光仿佛凝固。气势磅礴的雕塑群眼神如炬；展柜中，残破的衣帽、锈蚀 的刀枪、泛黄的纸页……无声地诉说着14年间白山黑水间那场气壮山河的悲壮史诗。 "从2015年筹建纪念馆开始，我们一直在寻访抗日义勇军老战士的信息。"东北抗日义勇军纪念馆副馆长 邢燕来说。2024年，一个名字被重新点亮——孙忠臣的外孙周世森来到馆内，郑重捐赠了珍藏的外公的 印章和烟口袋。经相关部门严谨查证，历史终于确认：孙忠臣，曾参加义勇军大刀队及东北抗联。1937 年2月，他在"西江惨案"中幸存，成为那段血火岁月的珍贵见证者。他也成为纪念馆名录墙上的第2235 个名字。 9 ...

Core Viewpoint - The international academic seminar commemorating the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's Anti-Japanese War and the World Anti-Fascist War was held in Hong Kong, highlighting the historical significance of Hong Kong's role during the war and the importance of patriotism education [1][2]. Group 1 - The seminar featured over a hundred experts and scholars from various regions, including mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau, and countries like Russia, the UK, and Serbia [1]. - Hong Kong's Chief Executive, John Lee, emphasized the city's historical role as a vital transportation hub for supplying materials during the war and announced a series of commemorative activities to enhance patriotic education [1]. - The President of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Gao Xiang, noted the deep-rooted tradition of patriotism among Hong Kong residents and the importance of reflecting on history to support Hong Kong's prosperity and stability [1]. Group 2 - Key speakers at the seminar included Zhang Haipeng, who discussed the victory in the Anti-Japanese War as a pivotal point for the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and other scholars who addressed various aspects of the war's significance [2]. - The discussions also focused on Hong Kong's important position in the Anti-Japanese War, Macau's role as a transit point, and the broader implications of the Chinese Anti-Japanese War within the context of the World Anti-Fascist War [2]. - The seminar was co-hosted by several institutions, including the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and the Hong Kong Chinese Academy of Studies, indicating a collaborative effort to promote historical research and education [2].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the significant contributions of overseas Chinese, particularly from the Wuyi region, to the Flying Tigers during World War II, as well as the efforts of the Jiangmen Museum to preserve and showcase this history through various exhibits and donations from the diaspora [4][5][11]. Group 1: Historical Context - Jiangmen City, known as a prominent overseas Chinese hometown, has around 5.36 million overseas Chinese descendants spread across 145 countries [4]. - The Flying Tigers, formed in 1941, included over 1,000 Chinese-American pilots, many of whom were from the Wuyi region, contributing significantly to the anti-Japanese war efforts [6][11]. - The Jiangmen Museum houses a diverse collection of artifacts related to the Flying Tigers, showcasing the close ties between overseas Chinese and the squadron [5][9]. Group 2: Donations and Contributions - Notable donations include a piece of a Japanese Zero fighter plane wing, collected by Li Gengshen, a member of the Flying Tigers, which is now displayed in the museum [5]. - The museum has received over 600 historical items from overseas Chinese, organized by Chen Canpei, who mobilized efforts to collect and donate artifacts related to the Flying Tigers [7][8][9]. - The museum's collection includes various items donated by Chinese-American veterans and their families, reflecting their contributions to the war [6][10]. Group 3: Museum Initiatives - The Jiangmen Museum employs innovative methods to engage the public, including themed exhibitions, interactive games, and educational materials related to aviation history [10][11]. - The museum plans to launch an original themed exhibition in 2024, focusing on the contributions of Wuyi aviation figures over the past century [10]. - The museum aims to enhance public awareness of the Flying Tigers and the broader aviation culture of the Wuyi region through diverse activities and outreach [11].