公共财政

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美国银行:市场对英国公共财政状况的担忧依然高涨
news flash· 2025-05-29 13:19
Core Viewpoint - Concerns regarding the UK's public finance situation remain high as the government spending review approaches on June 11, with potential budget cuts expected to meet strict fiscal rules [1] Summary by Relevant Categories Economic Outlook - The upcoming spending review is seen as a critical test for the government's ability to fulfill commitments to tighten public spending necessary to meet fiscal rules [1] Government Actions - UK Chancellor Reeves is likely to announce cuts to government department budgets to align with stringent fiscal regulations [1]
马寅初的第三条道路
Jing Ji Guan Cha Wang· 2025-05-27 11:27
马寅初攻读经济学博士学位的哥伦比亚大学于二十世纪初已经是自由主义经济学的重镇。他不止一次提及的约翰· 贝茨·克拉克是边际生产力理论的奠基人和美国自由主义经济学的代表人物之一。他的博士导师埃德温·塞利格曼则 是公共财政领域的权威,理念亦是倾向自由主义的。所以,马寅初早年供职北大的时候,经济思想会倾向自由主 义,主张"资本神圣",反对马克思的"资本万恶,劳工神圣"的观点,就再自然不过了。 但是,他的经济思想倾向很快就发生了改变。1927年,他离开了已被奉系军阀张作霖控制的北大,改任上海交通 大学教授。次年,苏联启动了第一个五年计划。第三年,美国爆发经济危机,随后波及整个资本主义世界。期 间,马寅初开始了《中国经济改造》一书的写作,正式提出中国发展经济,应该"权衡轻重,斟酌损益"于自由资 本主义与苏式社会主义之间。 《中国经济改造》1935年1月由商务印书馆出版,1999年浙江人民出版社推出《马寅初全集》时被列入第八卷。 亚当·斯密的经济思想就像一颗流星划过中国思想界的天际,很快就被支持国家干预经济的理论洪流所淹没。 中国思想界首次接触到亚当·斯密的经济思想,应该是1902年严复翻译出版的《原富》。《原富》出版之初 ...
4月财政收支:政府性基金支出显著加速
Yong Xing Zheng Quan· 2025-05-21 07:58
宏观研究/宏观点评 一、财政收入继续恢复,支出增速持续上升。1-4 月公共财政收入 累计同比-0.4 %(前值-1.1 %),公共财政支出累计同比 4.6 %(前值 4.2 %);政府性基金收入累计同比-6.7 %(前值-11.0 %),政府性基金 支出累计同比 17.7 %(前值 11.1 %)。 二、政府性基金支出显著加速:1-4 月,政府性基金收入累计 12,586 亿元,同比-6.7 %(前值-11.0 %),其中国有土地使用权出让收入 9,340 亿元,同比-11.4 %(前值-15.9 %);政府性基金支出累计 26,136 亿元, 同比 17.7 %(前值 11.1 %),其中国有土地使用权出让收入安排的支 出 13,647 亿元,同比-8.4 %(前值-11.0 %)。 三、公共财政支出结构:1-4 月公共财政支出 93,581 亿元。其中, 中央本级财政支出占比 13.1%,同比 9.0 %(前值 8.9 %);地方财政支 出占比 86.9% ,同比 3.9 %(前值 3.6 %)。分项目看:1-4 月债务付息 支出累计同比 11.0 %(前值 18.0 %);社会保障和就业支出累计同比 8 ...
“就像船即将触礁,但掌舵人却在争论该往哪个方向转弯”,投资者质疑特朗普减税法案加剧债务
Hua Er Jie Jian Wen· 2025-05-21 02:04
Core Viewpoint - The U.S. debt market is facing significant challenges, with the proposed tax reform potentially exacerbating the federal deficit and raising concerns about the sustainability of public finances [1][2]. Group 1: Tax Reform and Deficit Impact - The tax reform plan is expected to extend the large tax cuts initiated during Trump's first term and significantly reduce healthcare and food assistance for low-income individuals [1]. - The Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget estimates that the legislation will increase public debt by at least $3.3 trillion by the end of 2034, raising the debt-to-GDP ratio from 100% to a record 125% [2]. - Annual deficits are projected to rise from approximately 6.4% of GDP in 2024 to 6.9% [2]. Group 2: Market Reactions and Investor Sentiment - Following the advancement of the legislation and a downgrade in the U.S. credit rating by Moody's, the yield on 30-year U.S. Treasury bonds surged to 5.04%, the highest level in 2023 [2]. - Investors are increasingly concerned about their exposure to U.S. assets, with some firms like DoubleLine expressing a "low allocation" to 20-year and 30-year U.S. Treasuries due to a perceived lack of serious efforts to control debt [2][3]. - The sentiment among investors is shifting, with indications that the willingness to purchase U.S. assets is declining due to fiscal concerns and uncertainty surrounding tariff policies [3]. Group 3: Recommendations for Fiscal Management - Ray Dalio suggests that the U.S. needs to reduce the deficit to 3% of GDP through a combination of spending cuts, increased revenue, and lower borrowing costs [3].
前4个月公共财政支出进度达31.5% 为2020年以来同期最快
news flash· 2025-05-20 08:16
5月20日,财政部公布的2025年1—4月 财政收支数据显示,1—4月,全国一般公共预算支出93581亿 元,同比增长4.6%,完成预算的31.5%,支出进度为2020年以来同期最快。在全国主要支出领域中,1 —4月社会保障和就业支出、教育支出、卫生健康支出、科学技术支出分别同比增长8.5%、7.4%、 3.9%、3.9%。记者了解到,1—4月文化 旅游 体育与 传媒支出、商业服务业等支出分别同比增长3.2%、 29.5%。 ...