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Pharming N.V.(PHAR) - 2025 Q3 - Earnings Call Transcript
2025-11-06 13:30
Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - Total revenues grew by 30% in Q3 2025 compared to the same quarter last year, reaching $97.3 million [2][19] - Operating profit increased to $15.8 million, nearly four times last year's result [2][19] - Operating cash flow was $32 million, restoring cash position to levels seen at the end of 2024 [2][19] - Gross profit grew by 33% to $90.2 million, resulting in a gross margin of 93% compared to 91% in the same quarter of 2024 [19][63] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - Ruconest revenue increased by 29% year-on-year to $82 million, driven by new prescribers and patient enrollments [3][7] - Joenja's revenue grew by 35% year-on-year, generating $15.1 million, with a 25% increase in patients on treatment [3][11] - The company anticipates adding new growth sources for Joenja with pediatric indications and geographic expansion [3][12] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - The company upgraded its full-year 2025 revenue guidance to $360-$365 million from the previous $335-$350 million [4][21] - The strong performance in Q3 reflects a solid foundation for growth, transitioning from a single-asset company to a biotech with two high-growth products [4][5] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company aims to optimize capital deployment towards high-growth initiatives and enhance financial discipline [4][25] - Pharming is focused on building a leading global rare disease company, leveraging its strong capabilities in rare diseases [5][24] - The company is advancing its pipeline with two programs that have over $1 billion sales potential each [5][24] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management expressed confidence in the long-term growth prospects of Ruconest, emphasizing its unique value for severe HAE patients [9][24] - The anticipated pediatric launch of Joenja is expected to be a significant growth driver, with preparations on track for a January 2026 approval [12][24] - Management highlighted the importance of maintaining financial discipline and ensuring efficient capital allocation [25][21] Other Important Information - The company is taking steps to reduce G&A headcounts to optimize capital deployment [4] - The recent publication in Cell suggests a higher prevalence of APDS, potentially expanding the patient population significantly [15][16] Q&A Session Summary Question: Impact of new oral therapy on Ruconest and revenue from pediatric patients on Joenja - Management does not see Ruconest competing with sebetralstat, as it serves a different patient population with more severe needs [28][29] - For Joenja, a significant number of pediatric patients identified are expected to convert to therapy quickly after approval [29] Question: Timeline for Ruconest withdrawal outside the US and competitive threats - The withdrawal is planned for the first half of next year, driven by financial sustainability concerns [36] - Management believes Ruconest serves a unique patient population and does not anticipate significant competitive threats [37] Question: Revenue guidance uplift and contributions from Ruconest and Joenja - The revenue guidance uplift is attributed to strong performances from both Ruconest and Joenja, with expectations for continued growth [54][55] Question: Capital allocation priorities and M&A plans - The company is focused on disciplined capital allocation and is not in a rush for M&A, looking for value-accretive opportunities [44][45] Question: Progress on the basket PID trial - The phase two proof-of-concept study is progressing well, with expected readouts in the second half of 2026 [46]
Zevra Therapeutics(ZVRA) - 2025 Q3 - Earnings Call Transcript
2025-11-05 22:30
Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - In Q3 2025, the company reported net revenue of $26.1 million, with $22.4 million attributed to Miplyf, $2.4 million from the French Expanded Access Program, $1.2 million from royalties, and $100,000 from Olpruva [6][18][20] - Operating expenses decreased by 6.8% year-over-year to $20.4 million, while R&D expenses decreased by 7.5% to $3.4 million [19] - The net loss for Q3 2025 was $500,000, significantly improved from a net loss of $33.2 million in Q3 2024 [20] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - Miplyf's performance remains strong, with 137 total prescription enrollment forms received since its launch, indicating approximately 40% of the diagnosed patient population [6][29] - The company has seen a total of eight new prescription enrollment forms in Q3 2025, reflecting ongoing efforts in disease awareness and patient identification [12][29] - Apruva's market penetration remains limited, leading to a decision to scale back sales and marketing efforts for this product [9] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - The company is preparing to expand Miplyf into the European market, where an estimated 1,100 individuals are living with Niemann-Pick Disease Type C [6][7] - The Marketing Authorization Application for Miplyf in Europe has been validated and is under review, with confidence in the submission based on an expanded data set [7][8] - Coverage for Miplyf has increased to 66%, up from 52%, indicating improved access for patients [16][45] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company aims to build a leading rare disease company, focusing on Miplyf as a foundational treatment for Niemann-Pick Disease Type C [4][11] - Strategic priorities include expanding into Europe and maintaining a disciplined approach to capital allocation while investing in high-impact opportunities [22][23] - The company is actively recruiting patients for the Discover Trial, evaluating salicylol for vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome [9][10] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management expressed optimism about the continued success of Miplyf and the potential for geographic expansion and patent term extension [11][23] - The company is focused on maintaining cost efficiency and operational accountability to support long-term value creation [22] - Management highlighted the importance of ongoing disease awareness initiatives to identify undiagnosed patients and improve treatment access [14][15] Other Important Information - The company has established a solid patent position for Miplyf and requested a patent term extension with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office [8] - The Expanded Access Program in Europe is critical for building relationships with physicians and clinics, with 92 patients enrolled by the end of Q3 [8][9] Q&A Session Summary Question: Have any of the new start forms been from newly diagnosed patients? - Management confirmed that many new enrollment forms are from newly diagnosed patients, largely due to disease awareness campaigns and partnerships with genetic testing collaborators [25][27] Question: How is the company thinking about its robust balance sheet? - Management indicated that they are focused on executing the Miplyf launch and exploring opportunities for expansion while maintaining a disciplined approach to capital allocation [30][32] Question: What percentage of patients are getting refills? - Management reported that the majority of patients are receiving refills, with 66% of covered lives today, and emphasized the effectiveness of their reimbursement processes [39] Question: What are the key drivers for the increase in coverage? - The increase in coverage is attributed to the strength of Miplyf's clinical data, which has resonated with payers, and the targeting of Centers of Excellence and community-based physicians [43][45] Question: What are the expectations for the European market? - Management is confident in the MAA submission for Europe and anticipates a favorable reception based on the comprehensive data package [48][49] Question: What is the status of the KP1077 program? - Management remains open to strategic alternatives for KP1077 and is currently in discussions, but no specific updates were provided [58]
Ultragenyx Pharmaceutical(RARE) - 2025 Q3 - Earnings Call Transcript
2025-11-04 23:02
Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - In Q3 2025, Ultragenyx reported total revenue of $160 million, representing a 15% increase compared to Q3 2024 and an 18% increase for the first nine months of 2025 over the same period in 2024 [14][15] - The net loss for the quarter was $180 million, equating to $1.81 per share [15] - As of September 30, 2025, the company had $447 million in cash, cash equivalents, and securities, bolstered by a recent $400 million financing [16] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - Crysvita generated $112 million in revenue during Q3 2025, with contributions of $57 million from North America, $47 million from Latin America and Turkey, and $8 million from Europe [15] - Dojolvi contributed $24 million, maintaining steady growth, while Evkeeza and Mepsevii contributed $17 million and $7 million, respectively [15] - The company expects total revenue for 2025 to be between $640 million and $670 million, indicating a growth of 14% to 20% over 2024 [16][17] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - In Latin America, approximately 875 patients are now on Crysvita therapy, with 50 new start forms generated in Q3 2025 [8] - Dojolvi has seen approximately 700 new start forms since its launch in 2020, leading to around 625 patients on reimbursed therapy, with a split of 65% pediatric and 35% adult patients [9] - Evkeeza has approximately 310 patients across 17 countries in the EMEA region, with 120 new patients added since the beginning of the year [10] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company is focused on maximizing opportunities from its four commercial products and has two BLA submissions in progress for ultra-rare diseases [4] - Ultragenyx aims to maintain financial discipline while preparing for upcoming product launches and pivotal data readouts [14] - The company is positioned for growth with a strong balance sheet and plans to achieve profitability by 2027 [16][48] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management expressed confidence in the upcoming pivotal data readouts for GTX-102 and UX143, which are expected to be transformative for patients with Angelman syndrome and osteogenesis imperfecta [5][23] - The management team highlighted the importance of maintaining cash burn and prioritizing investments as they approach significant clinical milestones [5][16] - The company anticipates continued double-digit revenue growth from existing products and contributions from new launches [48] Other Important Information - The company received $400 million in non-dilutive capital through the sale of a portion of Crysvita royalties, with payments deferred until January 2028 [4][13] - The management team emphasized the unique value of Crysvita and its potential to deliver significant long-term value [14] Q&A Session Summary Question: Data update on Orbit and Cosmic studies - Management confirmed that data from both studies will be reported together, expected in December or January [27] Question: Open label extension from phase II for OI - Management stated that they have not released new quantitative data but are confident in the phase III expectations, aiming for a 40% to 70% reduction in fractures [31][32] Question: Clarification on UX111 and DTX401 submissions - Management explained that the timing of submissions was adjusted due to the need for additional reports, but both filings remain closely aligned [36] Question: Impact of OMERS transaction on financing needs - Management indicated that the $400 million raised will help address investor concerns regarding financing needs in 2026 and support upcoming product launches [42][48] Question: Length of treatment for Setrusumab - Management expressed confidence that Setrusumab will require chronic treatment to maintain bone health, suggesting bisphosphonates may become obsolete [70][73] Question: Loss of exclusivity for Setrusumab - Management highlighted the importance of orphan designation for exclusivity and mentioned ongoing patent protections that extend beyond 2030 [92]
Amicus Therapeutics(FOLD) - 2025 Q3 - Earnings Call Transcript
2025-11-04 14:32
Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - Total revenue for Q3 2025 reached $169.1 million, a 19% increase compared to Q3 2024, with a 17% growth at constant exchange rates [23] - GAAP net income for Q3 2025 was $17.3 million, or $0.06 per share, compared to a net loss of $6.7 million, or $0.02 per share, in Q3 2024, marking the first quarter of positive GAAP net income in 2025 [24][25] - Non-GAAP net income for Q3 2025 was $54.2 million, or $0.18 per share, compared to $30.8 million, or $0.10 per share, in the same quarter last year [25] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - Galafold revenue reached $138.3 million, up 12% at constant exchange rates and 15% in reported terms, with a year-over-year patient demand increase of 13% [10] - Pombiliti and Opfolda generated $30.7 million in revenue for Q3, a 42% increase at constant exchange rates and 45% in reported terms, with year-to-date growth of 59% at CER [14] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - Approximately 69% of the global market share of treated Fabry patients with amenable mutations is held by Galafold [10] - The U.S. represented approximately 43% of Pombiliti and Opfolda revenue, while ex-U.S. accounted for 57% [15] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company aims to achieve combined sales of $1 billion for its two commercial products by 2028, supported by growing diagnostic rates and patient access [7] - The company is advancing the development of DMX-200, a therapy for FSGS, with over 90% enrollment in the ACTION3 pivotal study expected to complete by year-end [8][21] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management expressed confidence in sustaining double-digit revenue growth in the Fabry and Pompe core business, driven by record demand and robust new patient starts [5] - The company anticipates positive GAAP net income for the second half of 2025 and reiterated full-year financial guidance for 2025, projecting total revenue growth of 15%-22% [26][27] Other Important Information - The company highlighted the significant unmet need in Fabry disease, with over 6,000 diagnosed patients remaining untreated, indicating a larger market opportunity for Galafold [12] - The company is focused on expanding its market presence and increasing patient compliance and adherence rates above 90% [16] Q&A Session Summary Question: Reception of Pombiliti in the U.S. and real-world evidence impact - Management noted that the label for Pombiliti has been well received, with ongoing studies expected to support label expansion for pediatric patients [32] - Real-world evidence is increasingly important in discussions with physicians, and the company plans to continue supporting publications and presentations [33][34] Question: U.S. new patient starts and revenue trajectory for 2026 - Management reported significant increases in new patient starts in Q3 and expressed confidence in continued momentum into 2025 [42] - The company is focused on expanding its sales force and enhancing real-world evidence to drive revenue growth [43] Question: Galafold patient adds from core vs. emerging countries - The growth in patient adds is primarily driven by core countries, with a significant number of naive patients being diagnosed [48][49] Question: DMX-200 candidate selection based on MCP-1 levels - Management indicated that higher MCP-1 levels correlate with more robust responses to DMX-200, and they are measuring MCP-1 throughout the phase three study [54][55] Question: Impact of Biosecure 2.0 on Pombiliti usability in the U.S. - Management expressed confidence in maintaining a stable supply from the Ireland facility and highlighted the importance of providing evidence to physicians regarding Pombiliti [59][60] Question: Timing for infantile onset Pompe disease label expansion - Management anticipates a submission for adolescent patients mid-next year, with further progress expected for infantile onset patients thereafter [66][68] Question: Commercial trajectory of Pombiliti and market share expectations - Management is confident in continued growth and aims for over 50% market share at peak for Pombiliti, with a target of exceeding $1 billion in revenue [71][72]
Amicus Therapeutics(FOLD) - 2025 Q3 - Earnings Call Transcript
2025-11-04 14:30
Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - Total revenue for Q3 2025 reached $169.1 million, a 19% increase year-over-year, with a 17% growth at constant exchange rates [22] - GAAP net income was $17.3 million, or $0.06 per share, compared to a net loss of $6.7 million, or $0.02 per share, in Q3 2024, marking the first quarter of positive GAAP net income in 2025 [24] - Non-GAAP net income was $54.2 million, or $0.18 per share, compared to $30.8 million, or $0.10 per share, in the same quarter last year [24] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - Galafold revenue reached $138.3 million, up 12% at constant exchange rates and 15% in reported terms, with a 13% year-over-year increase in patient demand [8][22] - Pombiliti and Opfolda generated $30.7 million in revenue for Q3, a 42% increase at constant exchange rates and 45% in reported terms, with year-to-date growth of 59% at CER [12][22] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - Approximately 69% of the global market share of treated Fabry patients with amenable mutations is held by Galafold, with a significant opportunity for further market penetration [8] - The U.S. represented approximately 43% of Pombiliti and Opfolda revenue, while ex-U.S. accounted for 57% [13] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company aims to achieve combined sales of $1 billion for its two commercial products by 2028, supported by strong growth in Galafold and Pombiliti and Opfolda [5][6] - The company is advancing the development of DMX-200, a late-stage therapy for FSGS, with over 90% enrollment in the ACTION3 pivotal study [6][19] Management Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management expressed confidence in sustaining double-digit revenue growth in the Fabry and Pompe core business, driven by record demand and new patient starts [4][5] - The company anticipates positive GAAP net income for the second half of 2025 and reiterated full-year financial guidance for total revenue growth of 15%-22% [25][24] Other Important Information - The company is focused on expanding its market presence and improving patient access, with ongoing efforts to enhance awareness and diagnosis of Fabry disease [10][11] - The company has secured reimbursement in 15 countries for Pombiliti and Opfolda, with plans to launch in up to 10 new countries in 2024 [16] Q&A Session Summary Question: Can you discuss the reception of Pombiliti's label and real-world evidence? - Management noted that the label has been well received, with ongoing studies expected to support label expansion, particularly for pediatric patients [30] Question: What is the status of new patient starts in the U.S. for Pompe? - Management reported significant increases in new patient starts and improved time to reimbursement, contributing to strong growth [38] Question: How should we think about the commercial trajectory of Pombiliti in 2026? - Management expressed confidence in continued momentum and expects strong growth, aiming for over 50% market share at peak [64]
Soleno Therapeutics, Inc. (SLNO): A Bull Case Theory
Yahoo Finance· 2025-10-22 21:01
Core Thesis - Soleno Therapeutics, Inc. (SLNO) is positioned for significant growth due to its FDA-approved therapy VYKAT XR for hyperphagia in Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) patients, with a strong early commercial performance and substantial market potential [2][3][4] Company Overview - Soleno Therapeutics is a single-asset company focused on VYKAT XR, the first and only FDA-approved treatment for hyperphagia in PWS patients aged four and older, a rare genetic disorder affecting approximately 8,000–12,500 individuals in the U.S. and about 20,000 in Europe [2] - VYKAT XR is an extended-release formulation of diazoxide choline that acts as a potassium channel activator to reduce hyperphagia by modulating neuronal activity [2] Financial Performance - The drug is priced at around $500,000 annually for adults, with Q2 revenue reaching $32.7 million, surpassing expectations [3] - By the end of Q2, there were 295 unique prescribers and 646 patient start forms, with an additional ~500 in Q3, totaling around 1,000 treatments [3] - SLNO estimates peak sales potential between $1.8 billion and $2.6 billion, indicating significant valuation upside [3] Market Position and Competition - The company faces limited competition, with peers like ACADIA having failed, and Aardvark's upcoming readout being the only near-term competitive threat [3] - Safety concerns raised by Scorpion Capital appear overstated, with no major new safety updates since September and positive real-world patient feedback [4] Future Outlook - Expectations for Q3 2025 revenue are projected to exceed $60–65 million, compared to consensus estimates of $46 million, indicating a strong launch trajectory [4] - The manageable safety profile and limited competition position SLNO for a potential rerating toward $100+ within 12–18 months [4]
BioCryst to buy Astria Therapeutics in $700 million deal
Reuters· 2025-10-14 11:35
Core Viewpoint - BioCryst Pharmaceuticals is acquiring Astria Therapeutics in a cash-and-stock deal valued at approximately $700 million, aiming to enhance its portfolio of treatments for rare diseases [1] Company Summary - The acquisition is part of BioCryst Pharmaceuticals' strategy to expand its offerings in the rare disease treatment market [1] - The deal is structured as a combination of cash and stock, indicating a significant investment in Astria Therapeutics [1] Industry Summary - The move reflects a growing trend in the pharmaceutical industry towards consolidation, particularly in the niche market of rare diseases [1] - This acquisition may position BioCryst Pharmaceuticals more competitively within the rare disease sector, potentially leading to increased market share and innovation in treatment options [1]
Jaguar Health (NasdaqCM:JAGX) 2025 Conference Transcript
2025-09-30 20:32
Summary of Jaguar Health Conference Call Company Overview - **Company**: Jaguar Health (Ticker: JAGX) - **Industry**: Pharmaceutical, specifically focusing on plant-based drug development for gastrointestinal conditions and rare diseases [1][2] Core Points and Arguments - **Current Status**: Jaguar Health is in a pivotal phase with multiple catalysts and inflection points in drug development, particularly for Crofelemer, which is FDA-approved for chronic diarrhea in HIV/AIDS patients under the brand name Mytesi [3][4] - **Unique Product**: Crofelemer is the only oral drug approved under botanical guidance, providing exclusivity and a significant barrier to generic competition [3][4] - **Market Focus**: The primary focus remains on the human market, with Crofelemer also conditionally approved for chemotherapy-induced diarrhea in dogs [4][27] - **Clinical Trials**: Ongoing clinical trials include: - Phase 3 for cancer therapy-related diarrhea, with statistically significant results in breast cancer patients [6][8] - Phase 2 studies for rare diseases like short bowel syndrome and microvillous inclusion disease (MVID) [6][21] - **Regulatory Engagement**: Recent FDA meetings have clarified pathways for expedited approval, particularly for metastatic breast cancer patients [7][11] Financial and Market Insights - **Sales Growth**: Mytesi sales are growing at approximately 5% annually, driven by the established market presence [29] - **Market Potential**: The market for short bowel syndrome is estimated at $4.5 billion, indicating significant commercial potential [23] - **Cost Implications**: Managing diarrhea in cancer patients can triple healthcare costs due to hospitalizations and rehydration needs [15] Upcoming Catalysts - **Orphan Drug Designation**: The recent orphan drug designation for Crofelemer in metastatic breast cancer is expected to enhance business development discussions and attract larger deals [30][31] - **Clinical Data Presentation**: Upcoming presentations at medical conferences will showcase the impact of Crofelemer on pediatric patients with MVID and short bowel syndrome [22] Additional Insights - **Patient Advocacy**: The company emphasizes the importance of patient quality of life, with testimonials highlighting the severe impact of diarrhea on cancer patients [9][10] - **Safety Profile**: Crofelemer has a strong safety profile, with no serious drug-related adverse events reported in clinical trials [26] - **Veterinary Insights**: The experience in the veterinary market with Canalevia CA1 is expected to inform human market strategies, as similar gastrointestinal issues are observed in both dogs and humans [32][33] Conclusion Jaguar Health is positioned at a critical juncture with its innovative, plant-based therapies addressing significant unmet medical needs in both human and veterinary markets. The company is actively pursuing regulatory approvals and partnerships to expand its market presence and enhance patient care.
京东健康CEO金恩林辞职;爱美客子公司两款米诺地尔搽剂获批上市
Mei Ri Jing Ji Xin Wen· 2025-09-30 07:03
Group 1 - The first non-surgical targeted drug for treating PFIC in China, "Beierwei" (generic name: Odevixibat), has been officially launched by the company Yipusheng, marking a significant breakthrough in the accessibility of treatment options for PFIC patients in the country [1] - PFIC is a rare genetic disease with an incidence rate of 1-2 per 100,000, typically manifesting in newborns or infants under one year old [1] - The drug has been included in the domestic and overseas special drug directories of three and eleven provinces and cities, respectively, indicating its potential for widespread use [1] Group 2 - JD Health's CEO, Jin Enlin, has resigned due to family reasons, effective September 29, with a swift appointment of Cao Dong as the new CEO, which may help stabilize market confidence despite initial concerns over management stability [2] - Qingqing Yi has also resigned as a non-executive director for similar reasons, effective September 30 [2] Group 3 - Nuohui Health, known as the "first stock in cancer early screening," faces delisting risks after being suspended from trading for 18 months due to a short-selling report alleging inflated sales revenue [3] - The company's auditor, Deloitte, refused to endorse its financial statements, leading to the trading suspension, which could severely impact its future business expansion and fundraising efforts [3] Group 4 - Aimeike's wholly-owned subsidiary has received approval from the National Medical Products Administration for two minoxidil topical solutions, with concentrations of 2% and 5%, aimed at treating male pattern baldness and alopecia [4] - This development represents Aimeike's strategic entry into the hair loss treatment market, potentially providing a new revenue growth point and enhancing the company's competitiveness [4] - The approval also reflects Aimeike's strength in research and product innovation, which may boost investor confidence and drive stock price increases [4]
70万一针救命药进医保 罕见病男孩上学了
Yang Shi Xin Wen· 2025-09-27 22:45
Core Viewpoint - The story highlights the journey of a child with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) and the impact of national healthcare policies on access to life-saving treatments, showcasing the importance of medical advancements and insurance negotiations in improving patient outcomes [1][14]. Group 1: Medical Condition and Treatment - The child, known as Little Stone, was diagnosed with SMA at eight months old, with initial medical advice suggesting a grim prognosis and no available treatments in China [3][5]. - A special drug, Nusinersen, was introduced in China in early 2019, but its high cost of approximately 700,000 yuan per injection posed a significant financial burden for the family [5][10]. - In 2020, the drug's price was reduced to 550,000 yuan per injection, and the company offered a buy-one-get-five-free deal, improving the child's condition through ongoing rehabilitation and treatment [8][12]. Group 2: Healthcare Policy and Insurance Negotiations - The first round of national healthcare negotiations in 2021 saw the drug's price drop dramatically from 550,000 yuan to around 30,000 yuan, making it accessible for more patients [10][12]. - The negotiations aimed to balance the interests of patients, pharmaceutical companies, and the healthcare fund, reflecting a significant shift in the availability of rare disease treatments in China [10][14]. - Following the successful negotiations, the number of patients using Nusinersen in 2022 increased significantly, with a reported 2.6 times growth in sales compared to the previous year [12]. Group 3: Social Integration and Support - Little Stone successfully enrolled in elementary school, with the institution making special accommodations to support his learning needs, demonstrating a positive societal response to children with disabilities [16][18]. - The family continues to face challenges, including ongoing rehabilitation sessions and the aging of family members who provide support [20]. - The narrative emphasizes the importance of community support, family involvement, and healthcare policies in enabling children with rare diseases to integrate into society and pursue education [21].