在美国掀起关税战的背景下，围绕如何稳定东亚区域经济增长，郑永年提出了三点建议： 第一，东盟应保持团结协作。东盟一直是促进亚洲区域稳定发展的重要力量，但当前由于美国所谓"对 等关税"，东盟再次面临挑战，因为其中许多经济体的发展都以出口导向为主。如果东盟内部出现分 裂，那么东盟的经济发展将会受到重大影响，也不利于本地区的稳定； 第二，无论是中国还是东盟都应保持开放。东亚经济体都应该采取开放的政策来推动本国的工业化进 程。在此过程中，作为世界第二大经济体，中国在推动该东亚经济繁荣发展中发挥着重要作用，一个开 放的中国市场本身就是一个理想的全球经济发展行动。中国致力于推动高水平开放，坚持多边主义，并 将继续加强其全面战略伙伴关系，推进与东盟关系的发展。有鉴于此，建立"中国—东盟共同市场"将有 利于双方共同推动东亚经济一体化，并且发挥东亚地区的增长潜力。在此方面，中国与东盟有条件继续 深化合作，比如在投资、技术以及供应链方面。 第三，中国和东盟也应为世界多边主义的发展提供更多解决方案，并建立一个公正且包容的国际秩序。 这需要产业界以及学界为推动建立"中国—东盟共同市场"提供更多可行的措施建议。 21世纪经济报道记者洪晓 ...

Core Insights - Sugar, derived primarily from sugarcane, has a rich history spanning thousands of years, evolving from a natural plant to a staple in daily life [1][2] Group 1: Historical Development - Sugarcane was first encountered by humans around 8000 years ago in New Guinea, where indigenous people discovered its sweet taste [2] - The sugar content in mature sugarcane ranges from 12% to 20%, with sucrose making up over 90% of the total sugar content [2] - The earliest sugar production techniques were primitive, with Indians being the first to extract juice from sugarcane and create coarse sugar known as "gur" [3] Group 2: Sugar Production in China - Sugarcane cultivation in China dates back to the Zhou Dynasty, initially used for direct consumption or juice extraction [4] - During the Tang Dynasty, significant advancements in sugar production techniques were made, influenced by knowledge gained from India [4] - By the Ming and Qing Dynasties, refined sugar production reached new heights, with methods that produced white sugar that was highly sought after in international markets [4] Group 3: Global Trade and Economic Impact - Sugar became a luxury item in Europe during the 11th century, with Venetian merchants capitalizing on its high demand and pricing it comparably to gold [5] - The Age of Exploration led to large-scale sugarcane cultivation in the Caribbean, significantly increasing global sugar production [6] - By the 18th century, Caribbean sugar production accounted for 80% of the global supply, highlighting its economic significance [7] Group 4: Cultural and Societal Influence - Sugar played a crucial role in the Industrial Revolution, providing a cheap source of energy that supported the labor force [7] - The consumption of sugar became ingrained in cultural practices, such as the British afternoon tea tradition and the production of rum in the Americas [7] - Sugar's evolution from a luxury good to a common household item reflects broader historical narratives, including its ties to colonialism and industrialization [7]