公众号记得加星标⭐️，第一时间看推送不会错过。 事实上，早在两年多以前，HBM初步崭露头角之际，海力士和三星就讨论过定制化这一趋势，伴随 着云巨头纷纷定制自己的AI芯片，对HBM的需求只增不减，定制化借此成为了必然需求之一。 在AI模型参数量呈指数级增长的时代背景下，数据中心正经历一场从"算力至上"向"带宽驱 动"的深刻变革。在这场算力架构革新的浪潮中，HBM（High Bandwidth Memory，高带宽存 储器）正悄然崛起，成为支撑大模型计算的核心基础设施。 步入"后AI"时代，HBM已不仅仅是高性能AI芯片（如GPU、TPU）的标配组件，更演变为半导体巨 头间激烈角逐的战略制高点。 无论是三星、SK海力士，还是美光，这些存储领域的领军企业都不约而同地将HBM视为未来营收增 长的关键引擎。它们似乎达成了一个共识：要想在存储市场称霸，就必须率先掌握HBM这一核心技 术。 那么，在这场没有硝烟的竞争中，都有哪些技术值得关注呢？让我们一起来深入分析分析。 定制化是唯一出路？ 定制化可能是HBM的最终归宿之一。 值得一提的是，由于SK海力士成功拿下了多家重量级客户，其在下一代定制HBM市场中延续主导地 位的可 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the limitations and challenges of interposer line lengths in advanced packaging, highlighting the differences between electrical and optical interposers and the implications for signal integrity and transmission efficiency [1][11]. Group 1: Interposer Types and Challenges - There are two main types of interposers in production: organic interposers (RDL) and silicon interposers, with organic interposers being significantly cheaper to produce but having larger feature sizes [2]. - The use of silicon does not necessitate narrow lines, as wider signal lines require more signal layers, which is undesirable for manufacturers [2][3]. - The resistance of narrow lines in organic interposers leads to significant insertion loss, which is a major concern for clients [3][5]. Group 2: Signal Integrity and Grounding - Signal integrity is heavily reliant on good grounding, typically provided by ground layers, which can serve multiple functions including power delivery and impedance control [7]. - Controlled impedance is crucial for maintaining signal quality, and even short lines can suffer from interference or crosstalk [7][8]. - Designers strive to minimize loss and maintain grounding around high-speed lines, which can be challenging due to manufacturing constraints [8][10]. Group 3: Optical Interposers and Future Directions - Optical interposers face fewer limitations compared to electrical ones, as optical signals can transmit over longer distances [1][11]. - The integration of optical devices into packaging is a growing trend, with technologies like Lightmatter's Passage aiming to combine CMOS and silicon photonics within an interposer [11][12]. - While photonics offers a potential long-term solution to line length limitations, it is not yet ready for mass production [14].