Core Viewpoint - The U.S. Vice President announced a significant decision to establish a "critical mineral price floor" and impose "adjustment tariffs" in collaboration with allies, aiming to challenge China's dominance in the global mineral market [3][5][6]. Group 1: Meeting Overview - The "critical minerals ministerial meeting" was convened in Washington, attended by representatives from 55 countries, including Germany, Brazil, India, and Japan, indicating a united front against China's market monopoly [3][5]. - The meeting focused on creating a new "critical mineral trade alliance" to ensure that mineral market prices are not controlled by a single country but managed collectively by alliance members [3][5]. Group 2: Strategic Implications - The U.S. government's policy shift reflects a strategic change from the previous administration's "America First" approach to a multilateral strategy in response to China's stronghold in the mineral sector [6][10]. - The establishment of a price floor aims to stabilize mineral prices, which is crucial for the U.S. economy and national security, particularly for industries like high-tech weapons, semiconductors, and electric vehicles [8][14]. Group 3: Japan's Role - Japan plays a critical role in this alliance due to its significant demand for essential minerals like rare earths and lithium, and it has expressed a strong commitment to countering China's influence [10][12]. - The collaboration between the U.S. and Japan in the mineral supply chain has been ongoing since 2025, focusing on joint resource development and risk-sharing [12]. Group 4: Challenges and Responses - The proposed alliance aims to reshape the global supply chain and ensure supply security for the U.S. and its allies, while also providing private financing support for member countries [14][16]. - China's response emphasizes its constructive role in maintaining global supply chain stability, despite facing increased external pressure from the U.S. and its allies [16][19].

外交部发言人林剑 智通财经2月3日电，外交部发言人林剑主持例行记者会。有记者提问，美国预计将启动一项关键矿产储 备计划，初期资金为120亿美元。此举适逢华盛顿寻求降低对稀土等资源的对华依赖度。外交部对此有 何评论？"在维护关键矿产全球产业链稳定与安全问题上，中方的立场没有变化。各方都有责任为此发 挥建设性作用。"林剑表示。 (北京日报) 延伸阅读 据报道，此次政策转向将为未来交易提供指引，但不会影响美国政府去年7月作为投资方案的一部分， 同意给予MP Materials的价格下限安排。 眼馋中国稀土，却又无可奈何，美西方动起歪脑筋，憋出"设置价格下限"这一招。可是，这成功了吗？ 当地时间1月28日，路透社援引多名消息人士独家报道称，特朗普政府正放弃为美国关键矿产项目提供 最低价格保障的计划，这实际上承认了美国国会缺乏资金支持以及设定市场价格极具复杂性这两大现实 问题。 发生这一转变之际，美国国会参议院其中一个委员会正审查去年为美国稀土企业MP Materials提供价格 下限的政策安排，而七国集团（G7）成员国正商谈联合实施某种形式的价格支持或相关措施，以提振 用于电动汽车、半导体、国防系统和消费电子产品的关 ...

多位消息人士称，特朗普政府正在从保证美国关键矿产项目最低价格的计划中后退，这是对缺乏国会资 金和制定市场定价的复杂性的默认。 在美国参议院的一个委员会正在审查去年向MP Materials 提供的价格下限之际，这一转变标志着对工业 界所作承诺的逆转，并可能使华盛顿有别于正在讨论某种形式的联合价格支持或相关措施的七国集团， 以促进电动汽车、半导体、国防系统和消费电子产品中使用的关键矿产。 美国能源部助理部长兼关键矿产和能源创新办公室主任奥黛丽-罗伯逊（Audrey Robertson）对高管们 说："我们不是来支持你们的。"不要抱着这样的期望来找我们"。这一转变将为未来的交易提供指导， 并且不会影响 MP 的价格下限，政府已同意将其作为去年 7 月一揽子投资计划的一部分。 美国商务部国际贸易管理局负责纺织品、消费品、材料、关键矿物和金属的副助理部长约书亚-克罗恩 （Joshua Kroon）也参加了罗伯逊的会议。 美国商务部国际贸易管理局负责纺织品、消费品、材料、关键矿物和金属的副助理部长约书亚-克罗恩 （Joshua Kroon）也参加了罗伯逊的会议。 据消息人士称，克罗恩和罗伯逊都在会上表示，华盛顿不再有能 ...