招商引资，一直以来是地方政府发展经济的关键抓手，过去数十年对推动我国经济高速增长发挥了 重要作用。然而，随着各地招商比拼之势愈演愈烈，各种违规"小政策""土政策"凿出一个个"税收洼 地"，不但加重了地方财政负担，也加剧了不公平竞争，割裂了全国统一大市场，给产业健康发展埋下 隐忧。 习近平总书记在《纵深推进全国统一大市场建设》一文中明确提出，要"着力整治地方招商引资乱 象""统一政府行为尺度"，要求地方在推动经济发展特别是招商引资时，哪些能干哪些不能干有明确规 矩，不能各行其是。 "内卷式"招商必将走向尽头。不过，彻底摆脱路径依赖、重塑招商逻辑，仍有一段长路要走。 "补贴竞赛"退场 "零和博弈"仍在 土地让利、税收返还、奖励补贴，是传统的招商引资"三板斧"。"血拼式"招商大行其道，看似为地 方引入大量企业，实则不少都"水土不服"、后劲不足。超出地方承受能力的巨额投入，已偏离了招商初 衷。 比如，一家汽车机器视觉领域企业多年来依赖政府补贴"输血"。2022年至2024年，该公司实现净利 润约1.47亿元，而同期获得的税收优惠和政府补助就高达上亿元。2025年，随着补助减少，这样的"纸 面富贵"将难以持续。 在各地 ...

习近平总书记在《纵深推进全国统一大市场建设》一文中明确提出，要"着力整治地方招商引资乱 象""统一政府行为尺度"，要求地方在推动经济发展特别是招商引资时，哪些能干哪些不能干有明确规 矩，不能各行其是。 "内卷式"招商必将走向尽头。不过，彻底摆脱路径依赖、重塑招商逻辑，仍有一段长路要走。 "补贴竞赛"退场 "零和博弈"仍在 土地让利、税收返还、奖励补贴，是传统的招商引资"三板斧"。"血拼式"招商大行其道，看似为地方引 入大量企业，实则不少都"水土不服"、后劲不足。超出地方承受能力的巨额投入，已偏离了招商初衷。 2024年8月，《公平竞争审查条例》（以下简称《条例》）正式施行，明令禁止"给予特定经营者税收优 惠"以及"选择性、差异化的财政奖励或者补贴"。这被视作一道分水岭，宣告了上述招商引资方式在法 律层面的终结。 经济日报记者调查发现，《条例》实施一年多来，明面上的"补贴竞赛"退场了，但仍有地方变换手段， 行"内卷式"招商之实。 "现在出现不少变通办法，有的不直接给企业土地让利，而是适当降低工业用地基准价；有的不直接给 企业奖补，而是通过平台公司建厂房，为企业减免租金或延长装修期，或是给企业高管个人补贴 等。" ...

Core Viewpoint - The rise of chain-based investment attraction and the importance of industrial clustering as a new battleground in the context of national policies aimed at standardizing local investment attraction practices [1][4] Group 1: Policy Changes and Their Impact - Recent national policies have aimed to regulate local investment attraction behaviors, leading to a more standardized development of investment practices across regions [1][4] - The shift from "involution-style" investment attraction has resulted in some short-term challenges for local governments, as they can no longer offer special treatments to large enterprises [2][4] Group 2: Innovative Investment Models - Regions are increasingly adopting innovative investment models, such as market-oriented investment companies, to replace traditional government-led approaches [2] - The establishment of collaborative regional investment models, like the Shanghai-Hangzhou Collaborative Innovation Center, is promoting resource sharing and industrial cooperation [3] Group 3: Focus on Business Environment - Improving the business environment is a top priority for local governments, with efforts to enhance service quality and address operational challenges faced by enterprises [4] - The central government's crackdown on "involution-style" investment practices supports the creation of a unified national market, facilitating efficient resource allocation and preventing issues like overcapacity and excessive fiscal resource consumption [4]

Core Viewpoint - The rise of chain-based investment attraction and the importance of industrial clustering as a new battleground for local governments in attracting investments [1] Group 1: Policy Changes and Their Impact - Recent policies have been introduced to standardize local investment attraction practices, addressing issues like tax-related investments and excessive local incentives [2] - The shift towards standardized policies has led to a temporary "pain" for local governments, as they can no longer offer special treatments for major projects [3] - Long-term, these policy corrections are seen as necessary to eliminate "involutionary" investment practices and promote sustainable development [3] Group 2: Innovative Investment Models - Regions are increasingly adopting innovative investment models, such as market-oriented investment companies that replace traditional government-led initiatives [3] - The establishment of collaborative regional investment models is gaining traction, focusing on resource sharing and industrial cooperation [4] - Examples include the establishment of a data industry cluster in Guizhou, attracting 120 supporting companies, and Shanghai's AI enterprise aggregation [4] Group 3: Optimizing Business Environment - Improving the business environment is a top priority for local governments, with a focus on enhancing service quality and addressing operational challenges for businesses [5] - The central government's crackdown on "involutionary" investment practices supports the creation of a unified national market, which is essential for efficient resource allocation and preventing overcapacity [5]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article highlights the recent policies implemented by the government to standardize local investment attraction practices, aiming to reduce excessive competition and resource waste in the context of building a unified national market [1][4] - Local governments are experiencing short-term challenges due to the new policies, which have shifted from special treatments for major projects to more generalized support, impacting their ability to attract investments [1][2] - The normalization of investment attraction is accelerating, with innovative models emerging, such as market-oriented investment companies replacing traditional government-led initiatives, which enhances efficiency but also poses sustainability challenges [2][3] Group 2 - Regional collaborative investment models are gaining traction, focusing on resource sharing and industrial cooperation, as seen in initiatives like the Shanghai-Hangzhou Collaborative Innovation Center [3] - The shift from competing for individual projects to chain-based investment strategies is becoming prevalent, with industries clustering around key enterprises to create significant economic ecosystems [3] - Improving the business environment is a top priority for local governments, emphasizing the importance of service quality and operational support over mere financial incentives to attract businesses [4]

Group 1 - The central government emphasizes the need for a unified national market and calls for the standardization of local investment promotion, enhancing transparency in investment information disclosure [1] - Recent policies aim to regulate local investment promotion systems, moving away from resource competition and fiscal subsidies, which will encourage local governments to focus on differentiated competition and improve the business environment [1] - Local governments are encouraged to reform their investment promotion mechanisms, ensuring compliance with established policies and enhancing administrative efficiency to create a market-oriented investment environment [1] Group 2 - There is a pressing need for innovation in investment promotion methods, shifting from extensive competition to a focus on industrial ecosystems and supporting services [2] - A "three-chain" work mechanism is proposed, involving government leadership, enterprise guidance, and support from research institutions to build a comprehensive industrial ecosystem [2] - Cities must provide reliable policies and services to attract businesses, as companies will choose investment locations based on local industrial foundations and business environments rather than just incentives [2] Group 3 - Local governments should focus on reducing various costs, including production, logistics, and tax costs, while utilizing scientific tools like industrial funds to foster a supportive industrial ecosystem [3]