曾经废弃矿山的臭水坑，如今蜕变为游人如织的美丽湿地；昔日令人掩鼻的房前屋后沟渠，现已清水潺潺，成为村民的休闲去处……在重 庆，一场针对农村黑臭水体的深度治理已显现成效。 除了生态修复方式，一些区县还探索从源头处切断黑臭水体的污染。比如，重庆市璧山区七塘镇推动生活污水循环资源化利用，实现了民生 改善和生态效益的双赢。 "附近村民的生活污水直排，是七塘镇黑臭水体的重要成因。"璧山区生态环境局副局长赵选亮说，过去一些地方污水收集和处理设施不完 善，居民常常将生活污水直接倾倒到房前屋后的沟渠和坑塘中，这些水体自净能力和流动性有限，最终引发水体黑臭现象。 而今，漫步七塘镇，不见昔日污水，取而代之的是生态沟渠和地下管网。分散居住的农户家中，厨房污水通向隔油沉砂井，卫生间污水汇入 三格式化粪池，经处理后，黑水成为菜地"液态肥"，灰水流进灌溉渠滋养菜园；在村民居住较为集中的院落，各家污水流入生态调控池，经微生 物"消化"后，作为农业水肥用于附近的柑橘基地。仅七塘镇喜观村幺滩院子一处，通过农村生活污水的资源化利用，每年可节约有机肥800公斤， 节约灌溉用水3650立方米。 近年来，重庆以农村区域200平方米以上河流、坑塘、沟渠 ...

安徽累计完成近5000个农村黑臭水体治理 中新网合肥9月30日电 (付敏)据安徽省生态环境厅总工程师贾良清30日介绍，安徽已累计完成4942个农 村黑臭水体治理，治理面积约2391万平方米。 来源：中国新闻网 编辑：陈俊明 9月30日，安徽省生态环境厅召开新闻发布会。刘宇 摄 当日，该厅召开新闻发布会。贾良清说，安徽采取遥感监测和实地核查方式，排查出5692个农村黑臭水 体，逐一溯源调查、分析污染成因，制定"一水一策"治理方案，提出"三治(治理农村生活污水、治理农 业面源污染、治理工业和服务业污水)、一清(清理内源污染和垃圾)、一修复(修复水体生态)"治理措 施，推动科学治理。 该厅土壤生态环境处处长王成贵说，农村很多水体受到污染，主要是因为缺乏有效管理。 在治理过程中，安徽转变治理思路，鼓励各地结合实际，在保障农村水体蓄水抗旱、防汛排涝、涵养生 态等功能的基础上，引导村民和社会资本以认领、承包经营等形式合理利用农村闲置水体，宜农则农、 宜渔则渔，通过栽植莲藕、菱角、水芹等水生作物，自然放养鱼类和河蚌、田螺等，将"污染物"转化为 农业生产资源，既可以减少治理投入，还能让农村水体成为经济资源，增加农民收入。 安 ...

Core Insights - The article highlights the successful transformation of rural black and odorous water bodies in Chongqing through comprehensive ecological restoration efforts [1][3][4] Group 1: Overview of the Initiative - Chongqing has conducted a thorough investigation of rural black and odorous water bodies, identifying 1,314 sites covering 3.05 million square meters, all of which have been treated by June 2023 [3] - The initiative aims to address the complex pollution causes in rural areas, which account for 95% of the city's land and house nearly 10 million residents [3][4] Group 2: Ecological Restoration Methods - The "small micro-wetland+" ecological restoration model has been implemented, utilizing over 10 species of aquatic plants to purify water, transforming former odorous water pits into ecological ponds [4] - In Liangping District's Lianshen Village, the tourism sector has benefited significantly, with over 300,000 visitors expected in 2024, generating more than 60 million yuan in revenue [4] Group 3: Pollution Source Management - Some districts, like Qitang Town in Banan District, have focused on cutting off pollution at the source, promoting the recycling of domestic wastewater to improve living conditions and ecological benefits [5] - The town has implemented a system where kitchen and bathroom wastewater is treated and repurposed for agricultural use, saving significant amounts of organic fertilizer and irrigation water annually [5] Group 4: Long-term Management and Technology Integration - Chongqing has established a long-term management mechanism for rural black and odorous water bodies, emphasizing rapid response and effective governance to prevent pollution recurrence [6] - Digital technology has been integrated into the management process, allowing for real-time monitoring of water body conditions through precise mapping [6]

Core Viewpoint - The governance of rural black and odorous water bodies is essential not only for improving the rural living environment but also for the construction of beautiful villages, encompassing ecological, cultural, and developmental values [1][2][3]. Group 1: Governance Strategies - Various regions have adopted a technical route focusing on "source control, internal source management, ecological restoration, and long-term maintenance," transitioning from "point breakthroughs" to "full coverage" and from "short-term compliance" to "long-term cleanliness" [1][2]. - Chongqing has established a high-efficiency collaborative mechanism with specialized action teams at municipal, district, and township levels, promoting a work pattern of "high-level promotion, vertical linkage, horizontal collaboration, joint efforts, and closed-loop governance" [2]. - The governance approach emphasizes tailored solutions based on local conditions, utilizing a combination of "sewage networks + treatment facilities" for source control and implementing differentiated governance strategies based on various pollution causes [2]. Group 2: Policy and Institutional Framework - The construction of a foundational system for rural black and odorous water governance involves clear policy directives, financial support, and performance evaluations to ensure sustainability [3]. - There is a need for differentiated policy guidance and exploration of social capital participation, enhancing the dynamic linkage mechanism of "funding-project-benefit" to ensure that financial resources effectively drive continuous improvement in rural water environments [3]. - The governance model aims to avoid the vicious cycle of "governance-rebound-re-governance" by integrating post-governance water bodies with rural tourism and ecological agriculture, achieving both environmental and economic benefits [2].

Core Insights - Rural black and odorous water body governance is essential for improving rural living environments and is a crucial part of building beautiful villages [1][3] - The governance of rural black and odorous water bodies has multiple values, including ecological, cultural, and developmental benefits [1] - The complexity of the causes of rural black and odorous water bodies makes governance challenging, but significant progress has been made through various measures [1][2] Summary by Sections Governance Strategies - Chongqing has implemented innovative practices to achieve the goal of eliminating rural black and odorous water bodies, establishing a collaborative mechanism across city, district, and township levels [2] - The governance approach emphasizes localized solutions and technological empowerment to address pollution issues, utilizing a combination of sewage networks and treatment facilities for source control [2] - A long-term orientation is maintained by creating a closed-loop system for governance, integrating performance evaluation into policy improvement and management [2] Systematic Approach - The governance of rural black and odorous water bodies is viewed as a systematic project that involves clear policies, financial support, and sustainable performance evaluation [3] - There is a need for differentiated policy guidance and exploration of social capital participation to enhance the dynamic linkage between funding, projects, and benefits [3] - The ongoing governance efforts require strengthening technological support, improving market mechanisms, and exploring shared governance models to ensure lasting environmental improvements [3]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of preventing the rebound of rural black and odorous water bodies through consistent efforts in source control, regular inspections, and public education [1][2][3]. Group 1: Source Control and Pollution Prevention - Continuous source control and pollution interception are essential, focusing on strict management of domestic sewage, livestock waste, agricultural pollution, and industrial wastewater [1]. - For domestic sewage, it is crucial to improve sewage collection networks and ensure the maintenance of rural sewage treatment facilities [1]. - Livestock waste management should include proper operation of waste treatment facilities in large farms and promoting resource utilization in scattered farming [1]. - Agricultural pollution can be mitigated by promoting scientific fertilization and pesticide application techniques, as well as establishing recycling points for agricultural waste [1]. - Industrial wastewater management requires strict supervision of small workshops and enterprises, ensuring compliance with pollution discharge regulations [1]. Group 2: Regular Inspections and Accountability - Regular inspections are vital, with clear responsibilities assigned to village river chiefs for monitoring pollution sources and reporting issues [2]. - The use of technology, such as drones for inspections and real-time water quality monitoring, is encouraged to enhance efficiency [2]. - Strict law enforcement and accountability measures are necessary to deter illegal discharges and ensure compliance with environmental regulations [2]. Group 3: Public Education and Awareness - Ongoing public education is critical for sustaining governance results, focusing on local pollution sources and their impacts [3]. - Diverse methods of communication, including community broadcasts and school programs, should be employed to raise awareness about pollution risks [3]. - Seasonal campaigns should be conducted to align educational efforts with agricultural practices, ensuring that environmental consciousness is integrated into daily life [3].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the need for a systematic approach to rural black and odorous water body governance, addressing issues such as oversimplification, unsuitable treatment processes, and inadequate post-management. Group 1: Systematic Governance Approach - The governance should follow the technical route of "controlling sources, internal source treatment, water system connectivity, and ecological restoration" tailored to local conditions [1] - A "one river (canal) one policy" approach is recommended, which requires thorough research and prioritizes low-cost, easy-to-maintain treatment processes while clearly defining governance goals, operational costs, and responsible parties [1] Group 2: Resource and Ecological Governance - Emphasis on resource-oriented and ecological governance by integrating with courtyard economy and environmental landscape construction to utilize rural domestic sewage [1] - Promotion of ecological aquaculture, combined livestock and poultry farming, and soil testing-based fertilization techniques to reduce pollutant discharge at the source [1] Group 3: Maintenance Mechanism - Establishment of a maintenance mechanism to ensure governance effectiveness, with clear responsibilities at various levels for the maintenance of treated water bodies [2] - Regular inspections and maintenance to prevent the recurrence of black and odorous conditions, supported by budget inclusion and market-based professional operations for funding and technical support [2] - Encouragement of community participation and establishment of a public disclosure mechanism for governance status, integrating it into relevant assessment indicators to enforce long-term maintenance responsibilities [2]