Core Insights - The article highlights the successful transformation of previously polluted water bodies in rural Chongqing into clean and attractive ecological areas, showcasing the effectiveness of comprehensive governance efforts in addressing rural black and odorous water bodies [1][3]. Group 1: Overview of the Initiative - Chongqing has conducted a thorough investigation of rural black and odorous water bodies, identifying 1,314 sites covering 3.05 million square meters, all of which have been treated by June 2023, achieving a comprehensive dynamic clearance of such water bodies [3][6]. - The initiative targets various types of water bodies, including rivers, ponds, ditches, and reservoirs, particularly focusing on areas with significant public complaints [3][6]. Group 2: Specific Case Studies - In Liangping District's Lianshen Village, a former gypsum mining area, the implementation of a "small wetland +" ecological restoration model has led to the transformation of polluted water bodies into ecological ponds, enhancing local tourism with over 300,000 visitors and generating more than 60 million yuan in tourism revenue in 2024 [5][6]. - In Qitang Town, efforts to recycle domestic wastewater have resulted in improved living conditions and ecological benefits, addressing the root causes of black and odorous water bodies by enhancing wastewater collection and treatment facilities [6][7]. Group 3: Long-term Management Strategies - The Chongqing government emphasizes a dynamic clearance approach, which focuses on rapid control and precise governance of pollution incidents, rather than achieving absolute zero pollution [6][7]. - A long-term management mechanism has been established, incorporating digital technology for real-time monitoring of water bodies, ensuring the sustainability of the improvements made in water quality and environmental aesthetics [7].

Core Insights - Anhui Province has completed the treatment of 4,942 rural black and odorous water bodies, covering an area of approximately 2,391 million square meters [1][3]. Summary by Sections Treatment Progress - The province has identified 5,692 rural black and odorous water bodies through remote sensing monitoring and on-site verification [3]. - The rural domestic sewage treatment rate has increased from 13.6% at the end of the 13th Five-Year Plan to the current 47% [3]. Governance Strategy - The treatment strategy includes "three treatments" (treatment of rural domestic sewage, agricultural non-point source pollution, and industrial and service industry sewage), "one cleaning" (cleaning up internal pollution and garbage), and "one restoration" (restoring water body ecology) [3]. - The approach encourages localities to utilize idle rural water bodies for agricultural and aquaculture purposes, transforming pollutants into agricultural production resources [3]. Environmental Management - The lack of effective management is identified as a primary reason for the pollution of rural water bodies [3]. - The province promotes the idea of villagers and social capital engaging in the management of rural water bodies through methods such as contracting and operating [3].

Core Insights - The article highlights the successful transformation of rural black and odorous water bodies in Chongqing through comprehensive ecological restoration efforts [1][3][4] Group 1: Overview of the Initiative - Chongqing has conducted a thorough investigation of rural black and odorous water bodies, identifying 1,314 sites covering 3.05 million square meters, all of which have been treated by June 2023 [3] - The initiative aims to address the complex pollution causes in rural areas, which account for 95% of the city's land and house nearly 10 million residents [3][4] Group 2: Ecological Restoration Methods - The "small micro-wetland+" ecological restoration model has been implemented, utilizing over 10 species of aquatic plants to purify water, transforming former odorous water pits into ecological ponds [4] - In Liangping District's Lianshen Village, the tourism sector has benefited significantly, with over 300,000 visitors expected in 2024, generating more than 60 million yuan in revenue [4] Group 3: Pollution Source Management - Some districts, like Qitang Town in Banan District, have focused on cutting off pollution at the source, promoting the recycling of domestic wastewater to improve living conditions and ecological benefits [5] - The town has implemented a system where kitchen and bathroom wastewater is treated and repurposed for agricultural use, saving significant amounts of organic fertilizer and irrigation water annually [5] Group 4: Long-term Management and Technology Integration - Chongqing has established a long-term management mechanism for rural black and odorous water bodies, emphasizing rapid response and effective governance to prevent pollution recurrence [6] - Digital technology has been integrated into the management process, allowing for real-time monitoring of water body conditions through precise mapping [6]

Core Viewpoint - The governance of rural black and odorous water bodies is essential not only for improving the rural living environment but also for the construction of beautiful villages, encompassing ecological, cultural, and developmental values [1][2][3]. Group 1: Governance Strategies - Various regions have adopted a technical route focusing on "source control, internal source management, ecological restoration, and long-term maintenance," transitioning from "point breakthroughs" to "full coverage" and from "short-term compliance" to "long-term cleanliness" [1][2]. - Chongqing has established a high-efficiency collaborative mechanism with specialized action teams at municipal, district, and township levels, promoting a work pattern of "high-level promotion, vertical linkage, horizontal collaboration, joint efforts, and closed-loop governance" [2]. - The governance approach emphasizes tailored solutions based on local conditions, utilizing a combination of "sewage networks + treatment facilities" for source control and implementing differentiated governance strategies based on various pollution causes [2]. Group 2: Policy and Institutional Framework - The construction of a foundational system for rural black and odorous water governance involves clear policy directives, financial support, and performance evaluations to ensure sustainability [3]. - There is a need for differentiated policy guidance and exploration of social capital participation, enhancing the dynamic linkage mechanism of "funding-project-benefit" to ensure that financial resources effectively drive continuous improvement in rural water environments [3]. - The governance model aims to avoid the vicious cycle of "governance-rebound-re-governance" by integrating post-governance water bodies with rural tourism and ecological agriculture, achieving both environmental and economic benefits [2].

Core Insights - Rural black and odorous water body governance is essential for improving rural living environments and is a crucial part of building beautiful villages [1][3] - The governance of rural black and odorous water bodies has multiple values, including ecological, cultural, and developmental benefits [1] - The complexity of the causes of rural black and odorous water bodies makes governance challenging, but significant progress has been made through various measures [1][2] Summary by Sections Governance Strategies - Chongqing has implemented innovative practices to achieve the goal of eliminating rural black and odorous water bodies, establishing a collaborative mechanism across city, district, and township levels [2] - The governance approach emphasizes localized solutions and technological empowerment to address pollution issues, utilizing a combination of sewage networks and treatment facilities for source control [2] - A long-term orientation is maintained by creating a closed-loop system for governance, integrating performance evaluation into policy improvement and management [2] Systematic Approach - The governance of rural black and odorous water bodies is viewed as a systematic project that involves clear policies, financial support, and sustainable performance evaluation [3] - There is a need for differentiated policy guidance and exploration of social capital participation to enhance the dynamic linkage between funding, projects, and benefits [3] - The ongoing governance efforts require strengthening technological support, improving market mechanisms, and exploring shared governance models to ensure lasting environmental improvements [3]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of preventing the rebound of rural black and odorous water bodies through consistent efforts in source control, regular inspections, and public education [1][2][3]. Group 1: Source Control and Pollution Prevention - Continuous source control and pollution interception are essential, focusing on strict management of domestic sewage, livestock waste, agricultural pollution, and industrial wastewater [1]. - For domestic sewage, it is crucial to improve sewage collection networks and ensure the maintenance of rural sewage treatment facilities [1]. - Livestock waste management should include proper operation of waste treatment facilities in large farms and promoting resource utilization in scattered farming [1]. - Agricultural pollution can be mitigated by promoting scientific fertilization and pesticide application techniques, as well as establishing recycling points for agricultural waste [1]. - Industrial wastewater management requires strict supervision of small workshops and enterprises, ensuring compliance with pollution discharge regulations [1]. Group 2: Regular Inspections and Accountability - Regular inspections are vital, with clear responsibilities assigned to village river chiefs for monitoring pollution sources and reporting issues [2]. - The use of technology, such as drones for inspections and real-time water quality monitoring, is encouraged to enhance efficiency [2]. - Strict law enforcement and accountability measures are necessary to deter illegal discharges and ensure compliance with environmental regulations [2]. Group 3: Public Education and Awareness - Ongoing public education is critical for sustaining governance results, focusing on local pollution sources and their impacts [3]. - Diverse methods of communication, including community broadcasts and school programs, should be employed to raise awareness about pollution risks [3]. - Seasonal campaigns should be conducted to align educational efforts with agricultural practices, ensuring that environmental consciousness is integrated into daily life [3].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the need for a systematic approach to rural black and odorous water body governance, addressing issues such as oversimplification, unsuitable treatment processes, and inadequate post-management. Group 1: Systematic Governance Approach - The governance should follow the technical route of "controlling sources, internal source treatment, water system connectivity, and ecological restoration" tailored to local conditions [1] - A "one river (canal) one policy" approach is recommended, which requires thorough research and prioritizes low-cost, easy-to-maintain treatment processes while clearly defining governance goals, operational costs, and responsible parties [1] Group 2: Resource and Ecological Governance - Emphasis on resource-oriented and ecological governance by integrating with courtyard economy and environmental landscape construction to utilize rural domestic sewage [1] - Promotion of ecological aquaculture, combined livestock and poultry farming, and soil testing-based fertilization techniques to reduce pollutant discharge at the source [1] Group 3: Maintenance Mechanism - Establishment of a maintenance mechanism to ensure governance effectiveness, with clear responsibilities at various levels for the maintenance of treated water bodies [2] - Regular inspections and maintenance to prevent the recurrence of black and odorous conditions, supported by budget inclusion and market-based professional operations for funding and technical support [2] - Encouragement of community participation and establishment of a public disclosure mechanism for governance status, integrating it into relevant assessment indicators to enforce long-term maintenance responsibilities [2]