皮肤屏障功能减弱夏季的频繁清洁、紫外线伤害，可能已经让我们的皮肤屏障有些受损。进入冬 季，如果护理不当，屏障功能无法及时修复，水分流失会更快，导致干燥、瘙痒甚至敏感。 生活习惯改变天气寒冷，大家除了频繁洗热水澡外，各种取暖神器也纷纷登场。暖气、电热 毯、"小太阳"的使用，都会在不知不觉中带走皮肤的水分。 温和清洁避免洗去保护层 应对冬季皮肤干燥，首先从清洁入手，用力过猛将使脆弱的皮肤屏障"雪上加霜"。 水温适度放弃过热的水洗脸、洗澡，它会让皮肤上的天然油脂过度流失。一般水温接近体温，即 35℃至37℃为宜。 寒风凛冽，暖气烘烤，冬季是皮肤"闹脾气"的高峰期——干燥、紧绷、脱屑，甚至瘙痒刺痛？ 今天，皮肤科医生就从中西医结合的视角，聊聊如何科学应对冬季护肤挑战，拯救"干渴肌"，并介 绍能直达根源、强力补水嫩肤的"秘密武器"助您安稳过冬，肌肤水当当！ 为啥冬天皮肤容易"闹情绪" 环境"双低"攻击气温和湿度双双下降，空气中的水分减少，干燥的空气会加速皮肤表面水分的蒸 发，就像一块湿毛巾放在干燥的房间里会更快变干一样。 皮脂分泌减少我们的皮脂腺和汗腺分泌会随着气温降低而变得"懒惰"。皮脂膜是皮肤天然的"保湿 霜"，这 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the impact of winter on skin health, emphasizing the importance of proper skincare routines to maintain skin barrier function and hydration during the colder months [1][5]. Skin Structure and Function - The skin has a "brick wall" structure, primarily composed of the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue, with the outermost layer (stratum corneum) acting as a protective barrier that retains moisture and defends against external pathogens [2]. Vulnerable Populations - Certain groups, such as the elderly and individuals with sensitive skin or pre-existing skin conditions, are more susceptible to skin dryness and barrier dysfunction during winter [3]. When to Seek Medical Attention - Symptoms such as severe itching affecting sleep, widespread rashes, or skin cracks with pain indicate a need for medical consultation, as these may signify significant skin barrier damage or inflammatory conditions [4]. Winter Skincare Essentials - The primary focus of winter skincare should be on "locking in moisture" rather than just hydrating the skin, which involves selecting appropriate moisturizing products, maintaining proper skin cleansing, and applying moisturizers promptly after bathing [5][11]. Effective Moisturizing Ingredients - Three categories of effective moisturizing ingredients include: - Occlusives: Reduce water loss (e.g., Vaseline, ceramides, natural oils) [6] - Humectants: Attract moisture (e.g., glycerin, hyaluronic acid) [6] - Soothing agents: Help reduce inflammation (e.g., panthenol, dipotassium glycyrrhizate) [6]. Cleansing Practices - Recommendations for winter cleansing include bathing every two to four days, using gentle cleansers with skin-friendly ingredients, and avoiding harsh soaps [9]. Common Skincare Mistakes - Misconceptions about skincare practices can lead to further skin barrier damage, such as: - Overusing face masks (recommended frequency is two to three times a week) [12][13]. - Frequent exfoliation with scrubs or loofahs (should be limited to once a week) [12][13]. - Assuming oily skin does not require additional moisturizing (lightweight moisturizers are still necessary) [12][14].