证券研究报告 2025 年 12 月 07 日 湘财证券研究所 行业研究 证券行业周报 券商估值持续回落，关注配置价值 相关研究： 1.《行业周报：两融余额维持高位， 日均交易量小幅回落》 2025.11.30 ❑ 行业周数据：日均成交额连续三周下降 （1）经纪业务：本周（12.1-12.5），沪深两市日均股票成交额为 16843 亿 元（环比-2.4%），成交额连续三周环比下降。单月来看，11 月两市日均股 票成交额为 18978 亿元（同比-1.67%、环比-11.5%）；四季度 10-11 月日均 成交 20112 亿元，环比-3.5%；今年 1-11 月日均成交 16878 亿元，同比+69%。 新发基金方面，12 月第一周股票型、混合型、债券型基金新发份额分别为 76 亿份（环比-5%）、36 亿份（环比+141%）、213 亿份（环比+430%）。 行业评级：增持（维持） 近十二个月行业表现 % 1 个月 3 个月 12 个月 相对收益 -3 -8 -20 绝对收益 -4 -5 -3 -30% -20% -10% 0% 10% 20% 30% 2024/12/5 2025/2/5 2025/4/5 ...

Investment Rating - The report maintains a positive outlook on the brokerage sector, indicating that the industry is in an upward trend in terms of market conditions in the short, medium, and long term [6]. Core Insights - The brokerage sector's performance in the first nine months of 2025 (9M25) shows a significant increase, with total assets rising by 21% compared to the end of 2024, and net profit increasing by 66% year-on-year [3][12]. - The self-operated and brokerage businesses are identified as the main contributors to the performance growth, with brokerage income increasing by 75% and self-operated income rising by 42% [15][17]. - The report highlights a historical high in margin financing and securities lending, reflecting a recovery in market trading activity [4][19]. Summary by Sections 1. Performance Overview - In 9M25, 43 listed brokerages (including Dongfang Caifu) achieved total operating income of 431.1 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 43%, and a net profit of 172.9 billion yuan, up 66% [3][12]. - The total assets of these brokerages reached 15.3 trillion yuan, marking a 21% increase from the end of 2024 [5][9]. 2. Capital Business - The report notes a balanced allocation between equity and debt investments, with margin financing reaching a record high [4][19]. - By the end of Q3 2025, the total financial investment assets of the brokerages amounted to 7.2 trillion yuan, a 4% increase from the previous quarter [5][9]. 3. Light Capital Business - The brokerage income for 9M25 was 118.4 billion yuan, reflecting a 75% year-on-year increase, while investment banking income rose by 23% to 25.2 billion yuan [15][17]. - The report emphasizes the recovery in the investment banking sector, driven by a low base from the previous year [19]. 4. Investment Analysis - The report recommends several leading brokerages based on competitive positioning, including Guotai Junan, CITIC Securities, and Huatai Securities, while also highlighting mid-sized firms like Industrial Securities and Dongxing Securities as potential investment opportunities [6].

Core Viewpoint - The core driver for the rise in brokerage stocks is the high trading activity in the market combined with the fundamental recovery brought about by stable market upward trends [1][2] Group 1: Market Dynamics - The brokerage sector's performance is closely tied to macroeconomic conditions and is sensitive to economic cycle turning points [1][2] - Brokerage stocks typically perform well during interest rate cuts, as loose monetary policy leads to increased liquidity and positive market sentiment [1][2] - Macro and industry-related policies play a decisive role in initiating brokerage stock rallies, with historical examples including the stock reform in 2005-2007 and the "Four Trillion Plan" in 2008-2009 [2] Group 2: Profitability and Valuation - The profitability of brokerages is highly correlated with capital market performance, leading to significant earnings growth during bullish phases [2] - The transition from light to heavy capitalization has resulted in a downward shift in the ROE (Return on Equity) and valuation levels of brokerages [2] - Future development of innovative businesses, such as off-exchange derivatives, may provide opportunities for systematic improvement in industry ROE [2] Group 3: Characteristics of Leading Stocks - Leading stocks in the brokerage sector during past rallies exhibit beta characteristics, with those aligned with prevailing trading themes often yielding excess returns [3] - Newly listed stocks tend to have smaller free float market capitalizations, resulting in significant price elasticity during brokerage rallies [3] - Brokerage firms with performance elasticity, driven by revenue and cost dynamics, are typically more resilient during market fluctuations [3]