随着半年报业绩收官，五大发电集团旗下核心上市公司上交"中期答卷"。 据Wind数据统计，与去年同期相比，这五家企业营收集体缩减。不过四家盈利正增，净利润总和实现240.18亿 元，同比提升3个百分点，创近十年新高。 业绩No.1：华能国际 上半年，国内煤炭市场供需矛盾持续缓解，秦皇岛Q5500动力煤价格同比下降约22.2%。华能国际优化采购策 略，促使成本端标准煤单价同比下降9.23%，增利火电板块35.6亿元。 与此同时，该公司在报告期内新增并网可控发电装机容量798.73万千瓦，均为低碳清洁能源项目。随着新能源规 模有序扩张，光伏板块利润增厚5.78亿元，推高整体业绩表现。 业绩增速No.1：大唐发电 聚焦业绩增速，上半年五大电力上市公司营收同比增长率全部下降；盈利成长性方面，华能国际、大唐发电、华 电国际、中国电力均出现不同程度的增长。 具体来看，大唐发电营收降幅最低，较2024年同期下降不足2个百分点；同时归母净利润增速最高，达到 47.35%，在五家企业中领跑。 业内认为，上半年可再生能源市场化电价政策的实施导致电量、电价双降，电力"量价齐跌"成为头部发电企业营 收走低的共同原因。不过，盈利维度上， ...

Core Viewpoint - The five major power generation companies in China reported a significant increase in net profits for the first half of the year, reaching a combined net profit of 24.267 billion yuan, the highest in nearly a decade, despite a decline in revenue due to falling electricity prices and generation volumes [1][2]. Group 1: Financial Performance - The five major power generation companies achieved a total net profit of 24.267 billion yuan, surpassing the total net profit for the same period in 2024, marking the highest net profit since 2016 [1]. - Among these companies, Huaneng International and Datang Power reported net profit increases of 24.26% and 47.25%, reaching 9.262 billion yuan and 4.579 billion yuan respectively, leading the group [1]. - Only Guodian Power experienced a decline in net profit, attributed to the previous year's transfer of a subsidiary, but its adjusted net profit excluding non-recurring items increased by over 56% to 3.41 billion yuan [1]. Group 2: Cost Factors - The decline in coal prices was a primary factor contributing to the collective profit growth of these companies, with the average price of thermal coal dropping by approximately 22.2% year-on-year to about 685 yuan per ton [2]. - Huaneng International's coal-fired power segment saw a net profit increase of 84% to 7.31 billion yuan, while Datang Power's coal-fired segment nearly doubled, reaching 3.148 billion yuan [2]. - Despite profit growth, the companies faced a nearly 10% decline in revenue, primarily due to reduced electricity generation and falling electricity prices [2]. Group 3: Market Dynamics - The implementation of market-based pricing for renewable energy has led to a collective decline in electricity prices and generation volumes, impacting overall revenue for the companies [2][3]. - Guodian Power highlighted the increased volatility and uncertainty in electricity prices due to the expansion of the electricity spot market, which is influenced by real-time supply and demand [3]. - The average on-grid electricity price for Huaneng International decreased by 2.7% to 485.27 yuan per megawatt-hour, which was less than the 9.2% decline in coal prices [3]. Group 4: Strategic Responses - In response to the challenges posed by the entry of renewable energy and the acceleration of the electricity spot market, China Power plans to adjust its trading strategies and enhance asset management to ensure competitive pricing [5]. - Guodian Power emphasized the importance of training and selecting traders, as well as utilizing big data and AI to improve market analysis and forecasting capabilities [5]. - The introduction of capacity pricing for coal-fired power plants has improved profitability and reduced losses, providing a more stable profit structure for these companies [4].

Core Viewpoint - The five major power generation companies in China reported a significant increase in net profit for the first half of the year, driven primarily by a decrease in coal prices, despite a decline in operating revenue due to lower electricity prices and generation volumes [1][4]. Group 1: Financial Performance - The five companies collectively achieved a net profit of 24.267 billion yuan, marking the highest net profit for a half-year period since 2016 [1]. - Among these, Huaneng International and Datang Power reported net profit growth of 24.26% and 47.25%, reaching 9.262 billion yuan and 4.579 billion yuan respectively, leading the group [1]. - Only Guodian Power experienced a decline in net profit, attributed to a non-recurring loss from the previous year; however, its adjusted net profit increased by over 56% to 3.41 billion yuan [1]. Group 2: Cost Structure - The decline in coal prices was a major factor contributing to the profit increase, with the average price of coal at Qinhuangdao port dropping approximately 22.2% to about 685 yuan per ton [1]. - Huaneng International's average coal price for the first half was 917.05 yuan per ton, down 9.2%, while Guodian Power and Huaneng International reported decreases of 9.5% and 12.98% respectively [2]. Group 3: Revenue Challenges - Despite profit growth, the five companies faced a nearly 10% decline in operating revenue, primarily due to reduced electricity generation and falling electricity prices [4]. - The implementation of market-based pricing for renewable energy has led to a dual decline in both volume and price, impacting overall revenue [4]. - Guodian Power highlighted the increased volatility and uncertainty in electricity pricing due to the expansion of the electricity spot market [4]. Group 4: Market Strategy - Companies are adapting to the challenges posed by the entry of renewable energy and the acceleration of the electricity spot market by adjusting their trading strategies and enhancing asset management [6]. - The introduction of capacity pricing for coal-fired power plants has improved profitability despite a decrease in generation volume [5]. - Companies are focusing on the synergy between renewable energy and clean coal power to enhance their overall profitability and reduce losses [5][6].