红十字国际委员会敦促武装冲突各方尊重国际人道法，确保平民安全，为公正的人道主义准入和参 与提供便利。 据红十字国际委员会调查，全球范围内共有383个引发人道主义关切的武装团体，分布在60多个国 家。7400万人完全生活在武装团体的控制之下，1.3亿人生活在不同武装团体相互争夺的地区。超过三 分之一的武装团体是武装冲突当事方。 红十字国际委员会指出，生活在冲突地区，意味着人们不得不面对不确定的权力界限以及对报复的 恐惧，在各种风险中作出权衡。许多人深陷暴力泥潭，被贴上冲突一方"合作者"的标签，惨遭冲突另一 方报复。 新华社日内瓦11月25日电（记者王其冰）红十字国际委员会25日说，全球约有2.04亿人生活在武装 团体控制或争夺地区，比2021年增加了3000万人。 ...

Core Viewpoint - The United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres supports the view of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, stating that the U.S. airstrikes in the Caribbean and Eastern Pacific violate international humanitarian law [2] Group 1: UN Position - The UN Secretary-General's spokesperson indicated that individuals on the attacked vessels did not pose an imminent threat to life, nor was there any other justification for the use of lethal force [2] - The UN expects established law enforcement methods to be used to address illegal trafficking issues on the high seas [2] Group 2: U.S. Actions - On October 31, the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, Volker Turk, emphasized that the U.S. must cease such attacks and take all necessary measures to prevent extrajudicial killings of individuals on board, regardless of any criminal charges they may face [2] - On November 6, U.S. Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin announced that U.S. forces had again attacked a suspected drug trafficking vessel in the Caribbean, resulting in three fatalities, bringing the total number of destroyed vessels to at least 18 [2]

应联合国大会请求，设在荷兰海牙的国际法院22日发布咨询意见，认定以色列作为占领国，必须履 行国际人道法规定的义务，为人道援助进入加沙地带提供便利，并确保联合国近东巴勒斯坦难民救济和 工程处（近东救济工程处）等联合国机构提供的援助物资顺利通行。国际法院认为，以色列作为占领 国，不得以安全为由阻止被占领土上的人道救援活动，并敦促以色列必须确保巴勒斯坦被占领土的平民 获得基本生活物资以及医疗物资与服务。 国际法院在这项咨询意见中认定，近东救济工程处没有违反中立原则，以色列未能充分证实其关于 近东救济工程处某些雇员与巴勒斯坦伊斯兰抵抗运动（哈马斯）有关联的指控。 以色列外交部表示"坚决拒绝"这项咨询意见，称这是试图对以色列施加政治制裁的举动。 新华社联合国10月22日电（记者 潘云召）联合国秘书长古特雷斯的副发言人哈克22日表示，古特 雷斯希望以色列遵守联合国国际法院当天就以色列对巴勒斯坦被占领土的责任所发布的咨询意见。 哈克在当天的记者会上说，古特雷斯认为，国际法院这项咨询意见是在联合国竭尽全力增加对加沙 地带人道主义援助之际作出的，对于联合国应对加沙民众所处悲惨处境至关重要。古特雷斯希望以色列 遵守这项重要的咨询 ...

Core Points - The International Court of Justice (ICJ) issued an advisory opinion recognizing Israel as an occupying power, which must comply with international humanitarian law obligations to facilitate humanitarian aid into Gaza [1] - The ICJ emphasized that Israel cannot use security as a justification to obstruct humanitarian relief efforts in occupied territories and must ensure that Palestinian civilians receive essential supplies and medical services [1] - The advisory opinion was requested by the United Nations General Assembly, which called for clarification of Israel's responsibilities and obligations under international law regarding humanitarian aid [1] Summary by Sections - **International Humanitarian Law Obligations** - Israel, as an occupying power, is required to facilitate the passage of humanitarian aid and ensure the smooth delivery of assistance provided by UN agencies and other international organizations [1] - The ICJ urged Israel to respect and protect all humanitarian and medical personnel and facilities, adhering to the prohibition against using starvation as a method of warfare [1] - **UN General Assembly Resolution** - In December 2024, the UN General Assembly passed a resolution requesting the ICJ to clarify Israel's responsibilities, including ensuring unobstructed humanitarian aid and supporting UN and other humanitarian organizations' activities in the occupied Palestinian territories [1]

Core Points - A joint statement was issued by Brazil, China, France, Jordan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, and the International Committee of the Red Cross, announcing the co-hosting of a high-level global conference on humanitarian issues in war, scheduled for 2026 [1] - The statement calls for all countries to implement international humanitarian law (IHL) domestically, allocate sufficient resources, and ensure compliance with IHL [1][2] - The "Global Initiative on International Humanitarian Law" was launched a year ago by the six countries and the Red Cross to combat violations of IHL globally, with over 89 countries having formally joined the initiative [1] Summary by Sections - **Conference Announcement** - The conference aims to address humanitarian issues in the context of armed conflicts and will be co-hosted by multiple nations and organizations in 2026 [1] - **Call to Action** - Countries are urged to incorporate IHL into national legislation, provide adequate training for military and security forces, and empower national IHL committees [1] - The statement emphasizes the importance of joining the "Global Initiative on International Humanitarian Law" and encourages participation in discussions [1] - **Global Participation** - Over 130 countries have engaged in global and regional consultations on promoting adherence to IHL, with 27 countries leading seven thematic working groups to develop practical recommendations [1]

Core Insights - The Red Cross International Committee (ICRC) emphasizes the importance of humanitarian cooperation with China, highlighting the unique value of the Beijing Xiangshan Forum in fostering dialogue and collaboration in humanitarian law and action [1][2][4]. Group 1: Humanitarian Cooperation - The ICRC has established a stable partnership with various institutions in China over the past 20 years, focusing on rescue collaboration and the dissemination of humanitarian law [2][4]. - The Beijing Xiangshan Forum serves as a significant platform for building close connections with Chinese partners and understanding China's role in global humanitarian efforts [2][4]. Group 2: China's Role in Global Humanitarian Efforts - China is recognized for its active participation in humanitarian assistance, advocating for respect for international humanitarian law, and providing aid to countries affected by natural disasters and armed conflicts [4][5]. - The ICRC notes that China's involvement has led to a more balanced global humanitarian agenda, benefiting more people affected by conflicts [4][5]. Group 3: Future Collaboration and Opportunities - The ICRC anticipates that China's experience and resources will contribute to developing more resilient and sustainable humanitarian models, particularly in the context of South-South cooperation [7][8]. - The organization believes that China will play an increasingly prominent role in applying international humanitarian law and addressing challenges posed by emerging technologies in humanitarian aid [7][8].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the need for restraint from both the Houthi forces and Israel amid escalating conflicts, highlighting the importance of political solutions and humanitarian aid for Yemen [3][4]. Group 1: Yemen Conflict - The recent escalation of attacks between Houthi forces and Israel has increased in intensity and frequency, prompting calls for calm and restraint from the international community [3]. - The Chinese representative stresses that the resolution of the Yemen issue cannot be achieved overnight, but political solutions must always be pursued [3]. - The urgent need for international humanitarian assistance to Yemen is highlighted, as the country faces its most severe food crisis in history [3]. Group 2: Humanitarian Concerns - Protection of civilians and civilian infrastructure is emphasized as a fundamental obligation under international humanitarian law, with a call for the immediate release of UN personnel detained by Houthi forces [3]. - The article notes the unprecedented humanitarian disaster resulting from the prolonged Gaza conflict, urging the international community to take necessary actions to alleviate the situation [4].

Core Points - The UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres condemned the Israeli military's attack on the Nasser Hospital in Khan Younis, Gaza, and called for a prompt and impartial investigation into the incident [1] - The attack resulted in the deaths of at least 20 individuals, including 5 journalists, highlighting the extreme risks faced by healthcare workers and journalists in the conflict [1] - Guterres reiterated the necessity for the protection of civilians, including healthcare workers and journalists, and emphasized their right to operate without interference or harm under international humanitarian law [1] Summary by Sections - **Condemnation of Attack** - Guterres strongly condemned the Israeli military's actions on August 25, specifically targeting the Nasser Hospital [1] - He called for an immediate and fair investigation into the attack [1] - **Casualties and Impact** - The attack led to the death of at least 20 people, including healthcare personnel and journalists, with dozens more injured [1] - The Gaza health department reported that the casualties included patients and civil defense personnel [1] - **Call for Humanitarian Actions** - Guterres urged for a permanent ceasefire in Gaza and unhindered access for humanitarian aid [1] - He also called for the immediate and unconditional release of detained individuals [1]

Core Points - The article discusses the urgent situation in Gaza following the Israeli security cabinet's approval of a plan to take control of northern Gaza City, prompting a UN Security Council meeting on the Israel-Palestine issue [1][4]. Group 1: International Response - China's permanent representative to the UN, Fu Cong, emphasized the need to firmly oppose Israel's attempts to occupy Gaza [3][4]. - Fu highlighted the ongoing conflict in Gaza, which has lasted for 22 months, resulting in over 61,000 deaths and unprecedented humanitarian disasters [4]. Group 2: Calls for Action - The international community, including the Security Council, must take necessary actions to prevent further disasters [4]. - Fu urged for the abandonment of the belief that military force is the solution, advocating for an immediate ceasefire to save lives and release hostages [4]. Group 3: Humanitarian Concerns - There is a call to alleviate the humanitarian disaster in Gaza, condemning the weaponization of humanitarian aid and collective punishment of civilians [5]. - Israel is urged to fulfill its obligations under international humanitarian law by opening all crossing points and allowing the rapid and safe entry of humanitarian supplies into Gaza [5]. Group 4: Political Solutions - The article stresses the importance of revitalizing the "two-state solution" as the only viable path to resolving the Palestinian issue and achieving peaceful coexistence [5]. - The international community is encouraged to increase efforts to promote the political process of the "two-state solution" and resist unilateral actions that undermine its foundation [5].

Core Viewpoint - Jordan's Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Expatriates strongly condemns Israel's security cabinet's approval to expand military control over Gaza, viewing it as a serious violation of international law and humanitarian law, undermining the "two-state solution" and infringing on the rights of the Palestinian people to establish an independent state [1] Summary by Relevant Sections - Israel's security cabinet has approved Prime Minister Netanyahu's plan to "defeat Hamas," with the military preparing to take control of Gaza City [1]