每经编辑｜陈柯名 潘海福 据CCTV国际时讯，美东时间1月11日晚，特朗普在社交平台发帖，自称"委内瑞拉代总统"。目前委内瑞拉方面对此暂无回应。 当地时间1月3日凌晨，美国悍然对委内瑞拉动武，强行控制委内瑞拉总统马杜罗及其夫人并将其移送出境。1月5日，委内瑞拉副总统德尔西·罗德里格斯 宣誓就任委内瑞拉代总统。 当地时间11日，委内瑞拉新闻和通信部长尼亚涅斯发表讲话，严厉谴责1月3日针对加拉加斯的空袭及随后伴随的网络与电磁攻击，并称，外部武装力量强 行控制马杜罗总统和第一夫人是对国际法的严重侵犯和21世纪的战争罪，其对包括医疗设施在内的军事打击是对国际人道法的公然践踏。 尼亚涅斯强调，尽管面临威胁和侵略，委内瑞拉国家宪制秩序持续存在。委内瑞拉不会屈服。 此外，当地时间1月11日晚，在搭乘"空军一号"返回华盛顿途中，美国总统特朗普对随行媒体发表讲话，谈及委内瑞拉与格陵兰岛、伊核谈判等问题。 特朗普称美方正安排同伊朗代表会谈 美国总统特朗普说，伊朗方面要求展开核谈判，美方正在安排同伊朗代表的会谈。 特朗普或阻埃克森美孚投资委内瑞拉 特朗普称，他可能会"阻止埃克森美孚投资委内瑞拉"。此前该公司首席执行官达伦·伍兹在白 ...

俄罗斯外交部1月1日发表声明，严词谴责乌克兰动用无人机在跨年夜袭击赫尔松州俄控区平民目标、造 成重大伤亡，并认为向乌方提供支持的西方领导人也应对此事负责。乌克兰武装部队总参谋部一名发言 人当天表示，乌军实施的所有空袭均在总参谋部社交媒体主页发布，乌军遵守国际人道法，其空袭只针 对"敌方军事目标、俄罗斯联邦的燃料和能源设施"以及"其他合法目标"。（总台记者 王新俊） 当地时间1月4日，俄罗斯侦查委员会通报称，乌克兰武装部队对赫尔松地区霍尔雷镇的袭击已导致29人 死亡，其中包括两名儿童。 据俄罗斯联邦侦查委员会消息，1月1日凌晨，乌克兰方面动用多架携带爆炸装置的无人机，对赫尔松霍 尔雷镇的一家咖啡馆及一家酒店发动了大规模袭击。当时建筑内至少有包括顾客和工作人员在内的100 名平民。 ...

以色列方面对此暂无回应。 （文章来源：央视新闻） 声明通报称，以色列的袭击形式包括：164次针对居民、房屋、社区和流离失所民众帐篷的直接射击； 25次装甲车辆越过临时黄色分界线，深入居民区和农田；280余次陆空炮火轰炸与打击；以及118次对民 居和民用设施的爆破。声明指出，这些行为构成系统性犯罪，旨在扩大破坏、集体惩罚居民，严重违反 《日内瓦公约》的相关条款。 声明对以方行为表示强烈谴责，明确指出以色列应对所有人道与安全后果承担全部责任，并警告其持续 侵略行为将破坏国际社会维护停火的努力，呼吁相关斡旋方和协议担保方以及联合国安理会采取切实有 效的行动，制止袭击，迫使以色列严格遵守停火协议及人道主义议定书，以保障平民安全。 当地时间11月30日，加沙地带办公室发表声明，强烈谴责以色列在此轮停火协议生效50天以来持续实施 严重违反行为。声明指出，截至当地时间29日晚间，已记录在案的以方违反协议行为总数达到591次， 造成357名平民死亡、903人受伤，并有38人遭到随意抓捕。死者中多数为儿童、妇女和老人。 声明强调，这些行为严重违反国际人道法及停火协议所附的人道主义议定书，显示出以色列方面蓄意破 坏协议，制造血腥 ...

Core Insights - The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) reports that approximately 204 million people live in areas controlled or contested by armed groups, an increase of 30 million since 2021 [1] - There are 383 armed groups causing humanitarian concerns globally, spread across over 60 countries [1] - 74 million people live entirely under the control of armed groups, while 130 million people reside in regions contested by different armed groups [1] - More than one-third of these armed groups are parties to armed conflicts [1] Humanitarian Impact - Living in conflict zones forces individuals to navigate uncertain power dynamics and fear of retaliation, leading to difficult risk assessments [1] - Many individuals become trapped in cycles of violence, often labeled as "collaborators" by one side of the conflict, resulting in reprisals from the opposing side [1] Call to Action - The ICRC urges all parties involved in armed conflicts to respect international humanitarian law, ensure civilian safety, and facilitate fair humanitarian access and participation [1]

Core Viewpoint - The United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres supports the view of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, stating that the U.S. airstrikes in the Caribbean and Eastern Pacific violate international humanitarian law [2] Group 1: UN Position - The UN Secretary-General's spokesperson indicated that individuals on the attacked vessels did not pose an imminent threat to life, nor was there any other justification for the use of lethal force [2] - The UN expects established law enforcement methods to be used to address illegal trafficking issues on the high seas [2] Group 2: U.S. Actions - On October 31, the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, Volker Turk, emphasized that the U.S. must cease such attacks and take all necessary measures to prevent extrajudicial killings of individuals on board, regardless of any criminal charges they may face [2] - On November 6, U.S. Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin announced that U.S. forces had again attacked a suspected drug trafficking vessel in the Caribbean, resulting in three fatalities, bringing the total number of destroyed vessels to at least 18 [2]

Group 1 - The UN Secretary-General Guterres urges Israel to comply with the International Court's advisory opinion regarding its responsibilities towards the occupied Palestinian territories [1] - The advisory opinion emphasizes the importance of humanitarian aid to the Gaza Strip and the need for Israel to facilitate such aid [2] - Slovenia's Foreign Ministry welcomes the advisory opinion, highlighting Israel's obligations under international law to ensure humanitarian assistance and support the self-determination rights of the Palestinian people [1][2] Group 2 - The International Court, at the request of the UN General Assembly, states that Israel, as an occupying power, must allow humanitarian aid into Gaza and ensure the smooth passage of aid from UN agencies [2] - The Court asserts that Israel cannot use security as a justification to block humanitarian relief efforts and must ensure access to essential living and medical supplies for civilians in the occupied territories [2] - Israel's Foreign Ministry firmly rejects the advisory opinion, claiming it is an attempt to impose political sanctions on the country [3]

Core Points - The International Court of Justice (ICJ) issued an advisory opinion recognizing Israel as an occupying power, which must comply with international humanitarian law obligations to facilitate humanitarian aid into Gaza [1] - The ICJ emphasized that Israel cannot use security as a justification to obstruct humanitarian relief efforts in occupied territories and must ensure that Palestinian civilians receive essential supplies and medical services [1] - The advisory opinion was requested by the United Nations General Assembly, which called for clarification of Israel's responsibilities and obligations under international law regarding humanitarian aid [1] Summary by Sections - **International Humanitarian Law Obligations** - Israel, as an occupying power, is required to facilitate the passage of humanitarian aid and ensure the smooth delivery of assistance provided by UN agencies and other international organizations [1] - The ICJ urged Israel to respect and protect all humanitarian and medical personnel and facilities, adhering to the prohibition against using starvation as a method of warfare [1] - **UN General Assembly Resolution** - In December 2024, the UN General Assembly passed a resolution requesting the ICJ to clarify Israel's responsibilities, including ensuring unobstructed humanitarian aid and supporting UN and other humanitarian organizations' activities in the occupied Palestinian territories [1]

Core Points - A joint statement was issued by Brazil, China, France, Jordan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, and the International Committee of the Red Cross, announcing the co-hosting of a high-level global conference on humanitarian issues in war, scheduled for 2026 [1] - The statement calls for all countries to implement international humanitarian law (IHL) domestically, allocate sufficient resources, and ensure compliance with IHL [1][2] - The "Global Initiative on International Humanitarian Law" was launched a year ago by the six countries and the Red Cross to combat violations of IHL globally, with over 89 countries having formally joined the initiative [1] Summary by Sections - **Conference Announcement** - The conference aims to address humanitarian issues in the context of armed conflicts and will be co-hosted by multiple nations and organizations in 2026 [1] - **Call to Action** - Countries are urged to incorporate IHL into national legislation, provide adequate training for military and security forces, and empower national IHL committees [1] - The statement emphasizes the importance of joining the "Global Initiative on International Humanitarian Law" and encourages participation in discussions [1] - **Global Participation** - Over 130 countries have engaged in global and regional consultations on promoting adherence to IHL, with 27 countries leading seven thematic working groups to develop practical recommendations [1]

Core Insights - The Red Cross International Committee (ICRC) emphasizes the importance of humanitarian cooperation with China, highlighting the unique value of the Beijing Xiangshan Forum in fostering dialogue and collaboration in humanitarian law and action [1][2][4]. Group 1: Humanitarian Cooperation - The ICRC has established a stable partnership with various institutions in China over the past 20 years, focusing on rescue collaboration and the dissemination of humanitarian law [2][4]. - The Beijing Xiangshan Forum serves as a significant platform for building close connections with Chinese partners and understanding China's role in global humanitarian efforts [2][4]. Group 2: China's Role in Global Humanitarian Efforts - China is recognized for its active participation in humanitarian assistance, advocating for respect for international humanitarian law, and providing aid to countries affected by natural disasters and armed conflicts [4][5]. - The ICRC notes that China's involvement has led to a more balanced global humanitarian agenda, benefiting more people affected by conflicts [4][5]. Group 3: Future Collaboration and Opportunities - The ICRC anticipates that China's experience and resources will contribute to developing more resilient and sustainable humanitarian models, particularly in the context of South-South cooperation [7][8]. - The organization believes that China will play an increasingly prominent role in applying international humanitarian law and addressing challenges posed by emerging technologies in humanitarian aid [7][8].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the need for restraint from both the Houthi forces and Israel amid escalating conflicts, highlighting the importance of political solutions and humanitarian aid for Yemen [3][4]. Group 1: Yemen Conflict - The recent escalation of attacks between Houthi forces and Israel has increased in intensity and frequency, prompting calls for calm and restraint from the international community [3]. - The Chinese representative stresses that the resolution of the Yemen issue cannot be achieved overnight, but political solutions must always be pursued [3]. - The urgent need for international humanitarian assistance to Yemen is highlighted, as the country faces its most severe food crisis in history [3]. Group 2: Humanitarian Concerns - Protection of civilians and civilian infrastructure is emphasized as a fundamental obligation under international humanitarian law, with a call for the immediate release of UN personnel detained by Houthi forces [3]. - The article notes the unprecedented humanitarian disaster resulting from the prolonged Gaza conflict, urging the international community to take necessary actions to alleviate the situation [4].