Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the transformation of waste management in China, highlighting the shift from a "garbage siege" to a situation where waste incineration plants are struggling to find enough waste to process, leading to a competitive environment for waste collection and management [3][10][20]. Group 1: Current State of Waste Incineration - Waste incineration plants in China are facing a shortage of waste, with an average operational load of about 60%, leaving 40% of capacity idle [7][11]. - In 2023, there were 83,467 planned shutdowns of waste incineration plants, indicating significant operational challenges [8]. - The number of waste incineration plants in China has reached approximately 1,010, accounting for nearly half of the global total [11][14]. Group 2: Historical Context and Development - The shift towards waste incineration began in 2003 when the government opened the sector to private investment and promoted the BOT model for waste-to-energy projects [14][15]. - From 2017 to 2021, China added an average of 103 new waste incineration plants annually, with significant projects launched in provinces like Henan and Hebei [15][17]. - By 2023, China's waste treatment capacity reached 1,035,000 tons per day, exceeding the targets set for the 14th Five-Year Plan [17][24]. Group 3: Industry Dynamics and Future Opportunities - The oversupply of incineration capacity has led to a decline in the number of landfills, as incineration becomes the preferred method of waste management [19][20]. - With domestic waste production insufficient to meet the needs of incineration plants, companies are exploring international markets, particularly in Southeast Asia and the Middle East [22][24]. - Chinese waste incineration companies are leveraging advanced technologies and complete industrial chains to enhance their competitiveness globally [23][24].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the transformation of waste management in China, highlighting the shift from a "garbage siege" to a situation where waste incineration plants are struggling to find enough garbage to process, leading to a competitive environment for waste collection and management [3][11][21]. Group 1: Current State of Waste Incineration - Waste incineration plants in China are facing a shortage of garbage, with an average operational load rate of about 60%, leaving 40% of capacity idle [6][12]. - In 2023, there were 83,467 planned shutdown days for waste incineration plants, indicating significant operational challenges [10]. - The rapid increase in the number of incineration plants has led to a situation where the supply of waste is insufficient to meet the processing capacity [21][12]. Group 2: Historical Context and Development - The turning point for waste incineration in China occurred in 2003 when the government shifted to a model allowing private investment in waste management [13]. - Policies promoting waste incineration, such as increased subsidies for renewable energy projects and pollution control standards, have facilitated the growth of this industry [14][16]. - From 2017 to 2021, an average of 103 new waste incineration plants were commissioned annually, with significant projects launched in provinces like Henan and Hebei [17][18]. Group 3: Industry Dynamics and Competition - The competition for waste has intensified, with some incineration plants offering incentives to property companies for waste collection [4]. - Companies are exploring new markets abroad due to domestic waste shortages, with over 50 overseas waste incineration projects already in operation [24][25]. - The article notes that the increasing number of incineration plants has led to a decline in the number of landfills, as incineration becomes the preferred method of waste management [19]. Group 4: Technological Advancements and Global Positioning - Chinese waste incineration companies are leveraging advanced technologies to improve waste processing efficiency and reduce emissions, often exceeding international standards [25][26]. - The industry has evolved from relying on imported waste to becoming a leader in waste management technology, with the ability to export expertise and solutions globally [26].