Group 1 - The core issue of rare earths has become a significant point of contention in US-China negotiations, with Indonesia emerging as a potential partner for the US in rare earth projects [1][2] - Indonesia possesses the fifth-largest rare earth reserves globally, estimated at 12 million tons, but faces challenges such as outdated extraction technology and an incomplete industrial chain [2][4] - The US Inflation Reduction Act offers high green subsidies for qualifying mineral exports, which Indonesia aims to leverage by including nickel and rare earth exports in this framework to secure stable funding [4][8] Group 2 - Indonesia is under pressure to achieve an 8% GDP growth target and requires foreign investment, with the US's rare earth cooperation potentially providing additional technology transfer and market access [8][10] - The cooperation with the US is part of Indonesia's broader "great power balancing" diplomatic strategy, maintaining a neutral stance between China and the US while seeking to diversify its partnerships [10][12] - Indonesia aims to enhance its influence within ASEAN by rapidly increasing production capacity through US resources, positioning itself as the leading battery production country in Southeast Asia [14] Group 3 - China holds 88% of global rare earth refining technology, meaning that even if Indonesia collaborates with the US for raw material extraction, it will still rely on China for processing [16][18] - China's investment strategy in Indonesia has deeply integrated its economy, with significant projects like battery production centers creating substantial employment and infrastructure development [18][20] - China is also working on diversifying its rare earth supply chain by signing agreements with countries like Mongolia and Kazakhstan, while upgrading domestic extraction technologies to reduce reliance on Indonesian resources [18][20]