容错量子计算机

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IBM,要造最强量子计算机
半导体行业观察· 2025-06-11 01:39
Core Viewpoint - IBM plans to build the world's first large-scale fault-tolerant quantum computer, named IBM Quantum Starling, by the end of this century, which will have a computing power 20,000 times greater than current quantum computers [2]. Group 1: Quantum Computing Developments - Quantum computers store information as quantum bits (qubits), which can exist in both "0" and "1" states simultaneously, allowing for more powerful computations compared to classical computers [3]. - A major challenge in quantum computing is the susceptibility of qubits to errors caused by "noise," which are small environmental interferences that can disrupt their quantum state [3]. Group 2: IBM's Roadmap and Collaborations - IBM's confidence in achieving a fault-tolerant quantum computer by 2029 is based on advancements in error reduction methods, specifically the "quantum low-density parity-check" (qLDPC) code, and real-time error correction techniques using classical computing [4]. - IBM is collaborating with the quantum startup SEEQC as part of a U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) quantum benchmarking program to assess the scalability of quantum operations [4]. Group 3: Market Implications and Industry Reactions - IBM aims to stimulate developer interest in creating quantum algorithms, which are crucial for realizing returns on investment in quantum computing [5]. - Analysts express skepticism about how IBM's breakthroughs will translate into tangible commercial value, noting that the transformative potential of fault-tolerant quantum computers remains speculative [5]. - The comprehensive nature of IBM's plans for building a fault-tolerant quantum computer is noteworthy and should alert businesses and the tech community to the rapid advancements in quantum computing [6].
超导电路新设计有望提升量子处理器速度
Ke Ji Ri Bao· 2025-05-05 23:18
Core Insights - A new superconducting circuit design by a team from MIT is expected to increase the speed of quantum processors by 10 times, marking the strongest nonlinear light-matter coupling achieved in quantum systems to date [1] - The efficiency of quantum computing relies on the speed of complex calculations and the rapid reading of results, which is determined by the coupling strength between photons and artificial atoms [1] - The newly developed "four-component coupler" enhances the interaction between qubits and light signals, facilitating efficient information exchange [1][2] Group 1 - The superconducting circuit design demonstrates a coupling strength that is an order of magnitude higher than previously achieved, enabling quantum operations and readings to be completed in a few nanoseconds [1][2] - The research team began developing a specialized photon detector in 2019 to enhance quantum information processing capabilities [1] - The four-component coupler acts as a "translator" that improves the dialogue between light and matter, making it more efficient and precise [1] Group 2 - In experiments, the coupler was connected to two superconducting qubits, with one functioning as a resonator to detect the state of the qubit and the other as an artificial atom to store quantum information [2] - The nonlinear light-matter coupling strength produced by the four-component coupler is significantly higher than previous implementations, leading to faster reading speeds and reduced errors [2] - This research contributes to the long-term goal of building fault-tolerant quantum computers, which is crucial for practical, large-scale quantum computing [2]