此次修订充分吸收近年来"高效办成一件事"的改革成果，细化明确了相关部门的受理条件、程序环节、 材料规范、办理时限等内容，对办理注销业务提出了更加规范化的要求。这有助于防止一些地方和部门 在企业退出时擅设门槛和条件，从而提高企业退出效率。 让企业"退"得便捷，还要精准打通注销堵点。对"股东失联、不配合""营业执照、公章遗失"等难以办理 注销的特殊复杂情形，此次《指引》修订充分吸收实践中形成的有效做法，依法分类施策，提出有针对 性的解决办法。同时，在充分尊重企业意愿的前提下，对不同类型、不同情况的经营主体提供普通注 销、简易注销、"一件事"联动注销三类流程。 通常情况下，企业终止经营活动退出市场，需要经历决议解散、清算分配和注销登记3个主要过程。企 业进入市场从事一段时间的经营活动后，形成了大量法律关系，牵涉诸多利益主体。企业在注销之前， 必须对所有的权利义务做一个彻底的了结，包括偿付债务、支付员工工资、缴清社保、清结税款等。 多年来，注册容易注销难，是不少企业面临的现实困境。与企业登记设立时是一张白纸相比，企业注销 势必更加繁琐、复杂，大量企业因此搁置办理相关手续。长期积累之后，不仅会占用企业名称等公共资 源， ...

Core Viewpoint - The governance of "involutionary" competition requires coordinated efforts from both supply and demand sides, focusing on expanding domestic demand to absorb excess capacity and promoting supply-side structural reforms to eliminate outdated capacity [1] Group 1: Market Exit Mechanism - The primary cause of "involutionary" competition is insufficient effective demand at the macro level and an inadequate market exit mechanism at the micro level [2] - Many enterprises face homogeneous products and services, leading to price competition below cost, exacerbating market issues [2] - The current market entry is easy, but exit is difficult, resulting in "zombie" enterprises remaining in the market, which can engage in extreme low-price strategies [2] Group 2: Comprehensive Measures - Governance of "involutionary" competition requires a comprehensive approach, including creating a healthy competitive industrial ecosystem [3] - Emphasis on technological innovation and industrial upgrading to shift competition from price to quality, fostering high-level competition driven by innovation [3] - Establishing quality standards to guide industrial upgrades and converting recommended national standards into mandatory ones to avoid low-end price competition [3] - Enhancing market regulation by refining standards for identifying ultra-low price competition and strengthening price regulation in key industries [3] - Regulating local government behavior to eliminate local protectionism and market segmentation, focusing on optimizing the business environment [3] Group 3: Industry Self-Regulation and Global Expansion - Strengthening industry self-regulation through industry associations to enhance market self-regulation and facilitate capacity reduction [4] - Encouraging enterprises to expand internationally through overseas investment and capacity cooperation to establish a global production network [5]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the necessity of revising the bankruptcy law to enhance the market exit mechanism, which is essential for fostering fair competition and optimizing resource allocation [1][2][3] - The current bankruptcy law, in effect since 2007, has played a crucial role in facilitating orderly exits of enterprises, promoting debt resolution, and protecting creditor rights, but it has become inadequate due to evolving economic conditions and industry structures [1][2] - The revision aims to address issues such as lengthy procedures, high costs, and limited coverage, which hinder the timely exit of failing enterprises, particularly "zombie companies" that occupy resources and stifle the growth of emerging industries [1][2] Group 2 - A well-functioning exit mechanism is deemed a necessary condition for fair competition, allowing for a healthy cycle of market entry and exit, which is vital for innovation and economic vitality [2][3] - The revision of the bankruptcy law is expected to provide a framework that balances the interests of creditors, investors, employees, and public welfare, preventing adverse chain reactions from abrupt bankruptcies [3] - The updated law will support the ongoing supply-side structural reforms and high-quality economic development by facilitating the clearance of "zombie companies" and reallocating resources to more dynamic sectors [3]