伊朗称开罗协议不再有效 中新社北京11月21日电 德黑兰消息：当地时间11月20日，伊朗外长阿拉格齐表示，针对国际原子能机 构理事会发布反伊朗决议，伊朗宣布开罗协议不再有效。 11月20日，国际原子能机构理事会表决通过美国与英国、法国、德国共同推动的伊朗核问题决议。综合 伊朗伊斯兰共和国通讯社等媒体报道，阿拉格齐回应称，上述国家的做法既非法又无理，且无视伊朗的 善意，损害了国际原子能机构的信誉和独立性，并破坏了该机构与伊朗之间的互动与合作进程。鉴于上 述实际情况，伊朗已于20日向国际原子能机构总干事格罗西发出正式信函，宣布旨在恢复伊朗与国际原 子能机构合作的开罗协议不再有效。 同日，伊朗常驻国际原子能机构代表雷扎·纳贾菲表示，上述决议是美国和英国、法国、德国这些国家 政治立场的重复，是对保障义务的歪曲，并试图弥补其在"快速恢复制裁"机制中失败的举措。 中新经纬版权所有，未经书面授权，任何单位及个人不得转载、摘编或以其它方式使用。 关注中新经纬微信公众号(微信搜索"中新经纬"或"jwview")，看更多精彩财经资讯。 伊朗6月遭到以色列和美国空袭后，暂停与国际原子能机构的合作。9月，伊朗与国际原子能机构在开罗 ...

Core Points - The UN has reinstated sanctions on Iran due to the "snapback" mechanism pushed by the UK, France, and Germany, which Russia does not recognize and will not enforce [1][2] - Russia's Foreign Minister Lavrov has advised the UN against hastily implementing sanctions and re-establishing a sanctions committee [4] - Iran's Foreign Minister has criticized the European countries' actions as legally and procedurally flawed, asserting Iran's willingness to resolve issues through diplomacy [4] - Iranian President Pezeshkian stated that Iran has made necessary arrangements to overcome the reinstated sanctions, emphasizing that the situation is manageable [5] - The backdrop includes the 2015 nuclear agreement, the U.S. withdrawal in 2018, and subsequent tensions leading to the current sanctions [7] Group 1 - The UN has completed the process to reinstate sanctions on Iran, which Russia does not acknowledge [1][2] - Russia's stance is that the "snapback" mechanism is not valid for them, creating a divide in international response [2] - Lavrov's communication with the UN Secretary-General indicates Russia's opposition to the sanctions [4] Group 2 - Iran's leadership has expressed confidence in managing the consequences of the reinstated sanctions [5] - Diplomatic efforts by Iran with European nations during the UN General Assembly have yielded some results, despite U.S. demands being unacceptable [5] - The historical context of the nuclear agreement and subsequent U.S. actions has led to the current geopolitical tensions [7]

Core Points - The Iranian Supreme National Security Council announced the suspension of cooperation with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in response to the push by the UK, France, and Germany to restore UN sanctions against Iran, escalating the already complex nuclear issue [1][12] - The European push for sanctions is seen as a deliberate attempt to create a new crisis, as Iran's non-compliance with the 2015 nuclear agreement is being cited despite the US's earlier withdrawal from the agreement in 2018 [1][12] - Iran's response, while indicating resistance, remains relatively restrained compared to past actions, leaving a potential "window of time" for international mediation [8][12] Summary by Sections European Actions - The European countries' insistence on a "snapback" mechanism for sanctions is viewed as an artificial crisis creation, with Iran being portrayed as the victim in the situation [1] - The lack of genuine support from Europe following the US withdrawal has led to increased pressure on Iran [1] Potential Consequences - If sanctions are reinstated, Iran could face restrictions on international communication, asset freezes, and stricter controls on technology and arms exports, potentially increasing internal pressures and regional instability [4][7] - Israel may see the renewed tensions as an opportunity to take military action against Iran [4][7] Iranian Response - Iran's current reaction is less aggressive than in previous instances, with only the suspension of IAEA cooperation rather than more extreme measures like withdrawing from the Non-Proliferation Treaty [8] - This restraint may provide an opportunity for international actors to negotiate and de-escalate the situation [8][12] International Community's Role - The international community is urged to seize the opportunity to mediate and promote dialogue to prevent the nuclear issue from spiraling out of control [8][12]

Core Viewpoint - Iran is facing continuous sanctions due to its refusal to yield to Western pressures, as stated by President Pezeshkian, who emphasized that the West's belief in subduing Iran is a mere fantasy [1]. Group 1: Sanctions and International Relations - The "snapback" mechanism of sanctions related to Iran's nuclear deal has been activated, leading to the restoration of UN sanctions against Iran as of September 27, 2023 [1]. - The European Council announced on September 29, 2023, the reimplementation of a series of sanctions against Iran that had been suspended after the 2015 nuclear agreement [1]. - The renewed sanctions include travel bans on individuals, asset freezes for both individuals and entities, and prohibitions on providing funds or economic resources to listed targets [1].

Group 1 - The Trump administration is set to deport approximately 100 Iranians from the United States back to Iran, marking one of the most severe immigration enforcement actions to date [1][3] - A U.S. charter flight has already departed from Louisiana and is expected to arrive in Iran via Qatar, with the deportation plan confirmed to be in its final stages [3] - The United Nations has restored sanctions against Iran as of September 27, following the completion of the "snapback" mechanism in the Iran nuclear deal, with the European Union also confirming the reinstatement of sanctions on September 29 [3] Group 2 - Since April, the U.S. and Iran have engaged in five rounds of indirect negotiations mediated by Oman, but significant disagreements remain on key issues such as uranium enrichment [3] - The sixth round of negotiations, originally scheduled for June 15, was canceled due to an Israeli attack on Iran, which escalated tensions and led to military responses from both sides [3] - In response to Iran's violations of the nuclear agreement, the UK, France, and Germany initiated the "snapback" mechanism to pressure Iran into resuming negotiations [3]

Core Points - Iran's response to the UN's reinstatement of sanctions includes statements from the Supreme National Security Council, the Foreign Ministry, and the military, indicating a unified stance against Western demands [1] - The UK, France, and Germany announced the completion of the "snapback" sanctions process, confirming the reactivation of six sanctions resolutions against Iran [1] - Iran's military leadership asserts readiness to respond decisively to any potential threats or acts of aggression [1] Group 1 - The Iranian Supreme National Security Council criticized Western restrictions on Iran's core rights related to uranium enrichment and missile production, claiming these excessive demands have stalled any potential agreements [1] - The Iranian military is reportedly making progress in modernizing its defense systems, with the military prepared for any threats [1] - A closed-door meeting of the Iranian parliament discussed the possibility of withdrawing from the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons in response to the reinstated sanctions [1] Group 2 - Iran's Foreign Minister sent a letter to the UN Secretary-General stating that the reinstatement of sanctions lacks legal basis and constitutes a serious procedural abuse [2] - The letter emphasized that the UN Security Council Resolution 2231 should terminate on October 18, 2023, and Iran will not recognize any attempts to restore or extend sanctions after this date [2] - The 2015 nuclear agreement included a commitment from Iran to limit its nuclear program in exchange for the lifting of sanctions, with the "snapback" mechanism allowing for measures against Iranian violations [2]

Core Viewpoint - The European Union has announced the immediate reimplementation of all previously lifted sanctions related to Iran's nuclear activities due to Iran's failure to comply with the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) commitments [1][3]. Group 1: Sanctions Restoration - The restoration of sanctions is triggered by the "snapback" mechanism due to Iran's non-compliance with the JCPOA [3]. - On August 28, the UK, France, and Germany notified the UN Security Council of Iran's failure to comply with the nuclear agreement, initiating the "snapback" mechanism under Resolution 2231 [3]. - The UN Security Council failed to pass a resolution to extend the sanctions waiver for Iran within the 30-day period, leading to the reactivation of sanctions effective September 27 [3]. Group 2: Iran's Response - Iranian Foreign Minister Zarif criticized the UK, France, and Germany's activation of the "snapback" mechanism as legally invalid, politically reckless, and procedurally flawed [4]. - Zarif announced that if sanctions are reactivated, Iran will suspend the agreement reached with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) on September 9 [4].

Group 1: Core Points - The "snapback" sanctions against Iran have been activated by the UK, France, and Germany due to Iran's violations of the nuclear agreement, with the sanctions taking effect on September 27 [1][2] - The sanctions include a weapons embargo, prohibition of uranium enrichment, and global asset freezes on individuals and entities related to Iran [2] Group 2: Iran's Response - Iranian President Raisi stated that Iran does not seek to develop nuclear weapons and is open to diplomatic dialogue, but rejected the U.S. demand to relinquish all enriched uranium [3][4] - Iran's Foreign Minister criticized the activation of sanctions as legally and procedurally flawed, urging the UN Secretary-General to prevent any attempts to restart the sanctions mechanism [3][5] Group 3: Future of the Nuclear Issue - Iranian officials warned that if the U.S. and European countries ignore Iran's goodwill and proceed with sanctions, Iran may suspend cooperation with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) [5][6] - Analysts believe that while Iran's economy may face short-term impacts from the sanctions, it is unlikely to suffer a decisive blow due to previous extensive U.S. sanctions [6]

Core Points - The "snapback" mechanism of sanctions against Iran has been activated by the UK, France, Germany, and the US, with the UN confirming the re-imposition of sanctions effective from September 27 [1][3] - The sanctions include measures from six UN Security Council resolutions related to Iran's nuclear program, military, and financial sectors, affecting 43 individuals and 78 entities [3] - The EU has announced it will immediately reinstate all previously lifted sanctions related to Iran's nuclear activities [5] Group 1: Sanctions Activation - The UN Secretary-General confirmed the reactivation of sanctions based on Security Council Resolution 2231, which includes resolutions from 2006 to 2010 [3] - The sanctions cover various sectors, including Iran's nuclear program and military, with notable figures such as the late nuclear scientist Mohsen Fakhrizadeh and IRGC commander Qassem Soleimani included in the sanctions list [3] Group 2: Iran's Response - Iran's Foreign Ministry condemned the sanctions as illegal and unreasonable, accusing the UK, France, and Germany of failing to uphold their commitments under the nuclear agreement [7][14] - Iranian officials, including the Speaker of Parliament and military leaders, stated that Iran would respond firmly to any actions taken based on these sanctions [9][11] - Iran's Foreign Minister emphasized that the claims made by the US and European nations lack legal basis and undermine the credibility of international diplomacy [14] Group 3: Future of the Nuclear Issue - The nuclear issue remains unresolved, with Iran having gradually ceased compliance with the nuclear agreement since the US withdrawal in 2018, and recent tensions escalating following military actions [17][19] - Analysts suggest that while Iran's economy may face short-term impacts from the renewed sanctions, the overall effect may not be decisive due to prior extensive sanctions already in place [21] - There is still potential for diplomatic dialogue, but increased pressure from the US and Europe could exacerbate tensions [21]

Core Points - The United Nations Secretary-General's spokesperson confirmed the reactivation of six sanctions resolutions against Iran as of September 27, 2023, based on Security Council Resolution 2231 [1][2] - The reactivated sanctions include Resolution 1737, which lists 43 individuals and 78 entities involved in Iran's nuclear program, military, and financial sectors [1] Group 1 - The six sanctions resolutions reactivated include Resolutions 1696, 1737, 1747, 1803, 1835, and 1929 [1] - The "snapback" mechanism was initiated by the UK, France, and Germany on August 28, citing Iran's violations of the nuclear agreement [2] - The Security Council's draft resolution aimed at extending the 2015 Iran nuclear deal was not passed, leading to the restoration of sanctions [2]