换购住房退还个人所得税政策第二次延期、存量个人公积金贷款利率下调、北京放宽非京籍家庭购 房条件……近期，一系列着力稳定房地产市场的政策不断落地，楼市在调整中逐渐呈现出结构性的新特 点，部分城市二手房交易更加活跃，区位分化特征更加明显。 在北京链家富力爱丁堡一店，经纪人张浩最近带客户实地看房，日程颇为繁忙。"最近我们板块内 不满2年房源的关注度和线上浏览量都有所增加。之前一些客户因为看中的房子不满2年、税费高而较为 犹豫，国家推出减税政策、北京出台楼市新政策后，购房成本降低，带动了一些优质房源的热度，政策 出来当周，我们店就成交了3套。"张浩说。 一段时间以来，北京、深圳、成都等地因城施策调整优化房地产政策，降低购房门槛、提高交易效 率。北京链家研究院院长高原说，政策调整有利于刚需客户积极入市，并为置换、改善型客户提供良好 的外部市场条件。由于春节前市场活跃度本身存在季节性抬升特点，政策影响更有可能在一、二季度市 场中持续显现。 随着住房市场进入存量时代，二手房市场规模正在上升。数据显示，2025年，二手房成交面积在新 房和二手房交易总量中占比升至44.6%，较2024年提升2.7个百分点。北京、上海、广州、重 ...

Core Insights - The real estate market in 2025 is expected to face significant challenges, with a projected cumulative price drop of 30% due to a combination of a 10% forecasted decline and a previous 20% drop [1][2] - A structural adjustment characterized by "volume and price decline" is evident, with new home sales expected to fall to 1.01 billion square meters in 2024, a 12.6% year-on-year decrease, marking the lowest level since 2015 [2] - The demographic shift is leading to a long-term decline in housing demand, with a projected decrease of approximately 3.5 million people in 2025, the largest natural population decline since 1962 [5] Market Dynamics - The real estate market is experiencing a severe "volume and price decline," with first-tier cities seeing an average price drop of 5.8%, second-tier cities down 7.2%, and third and fourth-tier cities down 8.5% [2] - The market is characterized by increased buyer hesitation, with a national buyer sentiment index reaching 67.8%, the highest since 2018 [2] - The transaction cycle for second-hand homes has extended to 45-60 days, indicating reduced market liquidity [2] Urban Differentiation - There will be a widening gap in real estate performance among cities, with core areas in first-tier cities like Beijing and Shanghai showing resilience due to favorable land supply and policy support [6] - Second-tier cities are experiencing a significant drop in new home sales, with a 15% year-on-year decrease, while third and fourth-tier cities face severe pressure from population outflow and shrinking land finance [6] Policy Responses - In response to market pressures, the government has implemented a series of policies, including lowering mortgage rates to around 3% and reducing down payment ratios to 15% in some cities [8] - An estimated 8 trillion yuan in fiscal support may be required, with allocations for inventory reduction, support for ongoing projects, and assistance for troubled real estate companies [8] Buyer Strategies - For first-time homebuyers, it may be a favorable time to enter the market if they can afford a down payment of over 40% and keep monthly payments within 30% of household income, as new home prices in first-tier cities are expected to drop by 8-12% [9] - Improvement-oriented buyers are seeing an increase in demand, with the proportion rising to 38.7% in Q2 2025, indicating a narrowing price gap between core and suburban areas [11] - Investors are advised to be cautious, as rental yields in first-tier cities are currently between 1.8% and 2.2%, lower than the yield on 10-year government bonds [11]