撰文丨王聪 编辑丨王多鱼 排版丨水成文 近日，来自 华南师范大学 的一篇新论文登上了 Cell Press 官网头条。 该论文以 ： Environmental exposure augments the abundance and transferability of antibiotic resistance genes in the respiratory tract （环境暴露会增 加呼吸道中抗生素抗性基因的数量和传播性。 ） 为题， 于 2025 年 11 月 20 日发表在了 Cell 子刊 Cell Reports 上 ，华南师范大学 王璋 、广东省疾控中心 郑雪燕 等为论文通讯作者，易歆竹、蔡汉钦、刘海月、徐诗芬、孟瑞琳为论文共同第一作者。 接触 环境污染物 已被证实与 抗生素耐药性 （AMR） 增强有关，如今， 抗生素耐药性对人 类健康构成日益严重的全球性威胁。在所有感染性疾病中，下呼吸道 感染是与抗菌素耐药性相关的负担最重的疾病，对发病率和死亡率影响巨大。 人类呼吸道 内寄居着多样化的微生物群，是 抗生素抗性基因 （ARG） 的重要储存库。这些耐药基因的集合与呼吸道感染以及哮喘、慢性阻塞性 ...

Core Viewpoint - The current pathogen surveillance system primarily focuses on livestock and companion animals, neglecting non-traditional livestock and wild mammals, which poses a risk for cross-species transmission of pathogens and antibiotic resistance genes [2][3]. Group 1: Research Findings - A study published in the journal Cell identified a significant number of unrecorded viruses and bacteria in asymptomatic mammals, revealing extensive cross-species transmission [3][4]. - The research analyzed samples from 973 asymptomatic mammals, identifying 128 virus species (30 of which are newly discovered), 10,255 bacterial species (over 7,000 previously uncharacterized), 201 fungi, and 7 parasites [4][6]. - The study found that 13.3% of virus species coexisted in both farmed and wild mammals, including canine coronavirus in Asian black bears and Getah virus in rabbits [4][6]. Group 2: Antibiotic Resistance Insights - The research team observed 157 clinically significant antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the microbiomes of farmed and wild mammals, with over 99% homology to ARGs found in human microbiomes [4][6]. - The presence of mobile genetic elements (MGE) alongside ARGs suggests a potential reservoir of antibiotic resistance in animal microbiomes, which could accelerate cross-species transmission due to antibiotic misuse [6][7]. Group 3: Implications for Public Health - The findings indicate that asymptomatic animals may serve as potential hosts for novel zoonotic viruses, highlighting the need for systematic monitoring of pathogens and antibiotic resistance genes at the "animal-environment-human" interface [6][7].