教育部党组书记、部长怀进鹏在接受中央广播电视总台央视《焦点访谈》采访时表示，将重点推进高校 分类改革和区域结构布局，同步建设好国家人才供需大平台，以国家战略和区域发展需求为导向，优化 调整学科专业设置，对人工智能、集成电路、生命科学、新能源、量子科技等国家战略和经济社会发展 前沿领域，大力加强并推动国家学院建设，不断深化卓越工程师培养改革和卓越哲学社会科学人才队伍 建设，以超常规方式把头部高校、头部企业、科研机构以及社会多种创新平台有效地集聚起来，推进国 家交叉学科中心建设，让基础学科、基础研究为我们长远发展作出更大的贡献。 厦门大学经济学系副教授丁长发对第一财经分析，产业转型升级和发展对我国高校的教育体系、人才培 养方式等各方面影响很大。当前高校的人才培养模式和实践需求存在一定差距，AI的发展对部分学科 冲击也比较大。因此，高校要加快改革调整，包括专业分类改革。 近年来，我国高校学科专业设置调整力度加大。今年以来，一批"双一流"高校密集宣布成立新学院，重 点面向国家急需的前沿技术和新兴业态。 与此同时，新型研究型大学发展进入快车道。这类大学以创新治理模式、人才培养模式和科研组织形式 为突破口，以科学技术研究 ...

Group 1 - The emergence of new research-oriented universities is increasingly attracting high-scoring students, with institutions like Fujian Fuyou University and Ningbo Oriental Institute of Technology achieving admission scores comparable to or exceeding those of established 985 universities [2] - Traditional universities are facing challenges due to a proliferation of diverse and sometimes misaligned programs, prompting a need for adaptation to economic and societal demands through the introduction of new programs and the discontinuation of less relevant ones [2] Group 2 - A growing number of universities are discontinuing or suspending certain programs, including notable 985 universities, as evidenced by East China Normal University's announcement of 24 programs being phased out by 2025 [3] - Shandong University has also reported a reduction in its program offerings, with 27 programs, including Financial Engineering and Civil Engineering, being suspended, while introducing new programs such as Engineering Software and Sports Training [3] Group 3 - Several "Double First-Class" universities are establishing new colleges focused on cutting-edge technologies and emerging industries, such as artificial intelligence and quantum technology, to align with national strategic needs [1] - Northwest A&F University has established the first Artificial Intelligence and Robotics College among agricultural and forestry universities in China, highlighting the trend of specialized institutions responding to technological advancements [1]

Core Insights - The Chinese government aims to enhance the quality and expand the scale of undergraduate education, with a focus on increasing enrollment in high-quality institutions [2][3] Group 1: Expansion of Quality Undergraduate Education - The government plans to continue expanding the enrollment scale of quality undergraduate programs, targeting an increase of 20,000 students this year following last year's increase of 16,000 [2][3] - Major universities, including Tsinghua University, Peking University, and Shanghai Jiao Tong University, have announced plans to increase their undergraduate enrollment by 150 students each [3] Group 2: Focus on Strategic Fields - The expansion of quality undergraduate programs will prioritize fields aligned with national strategic needs, particularly in emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, integrated circuits, and biomedicine [3][5] - New research-oriented universities are emerging, attracting high-scoring students and competing with traditional prestigious institutions [4] Group 3: Curriculum and Professional Development - The Ministry of Education has issued guidelines to optimize professional settings based on national strategies and market demands, emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary and emerging professional fields [5] - Universities are encouraged to develop programs in strategic emerging industries, including AI, biotechnology, and renewable energy, to meet national talent needs [5] Group 4: New Campuses and Facilities - Several top-tier universities are establishing new campuses to accommodate the growing enrollment and focus on interdisciplinary studies [6] - For instance, Huazhong Normal University is developing a new campus that will focus on key areas such as AI and integrated circuits, aiming to cultivate innovative talent [6]

Core Viewpoint - The emergence of new research universities in China is seen as a response to the need for educational reform and the cultivation of innovative talents, aligning with national strategies for technological advancement and economic development [1][4]. Group 1: Characteristics of New Research Universities - New research universities have distinct educational models, focusing on interdisciplinary integration and the establishment of new knowledge systems, which sets them apart from traditional universities [1][3]. - These universities are primarily located in economically developed regions and offer popular majors, contributing to their successful enrollment rates [1][2]. - The teaching and research performance of these institutions remains to be evaluated over time [1]. Group 2: Educational Approaches - New research universities emphasize a high student-to-faculty ratio and flexible course designs to attract students with solid foundations and interests in technological innovation [2]. - Institutions like Guangdong's Greater Bay Area University and West Lake University implement innovative educational strategies, such as open-ended questions and mentorship programs, to foster socially responsible and innovative talents [1][2]. Group 3: Research Focus and Collaboration - These universities aim to cultivate talents needed for national strategies and regional industrial development, focusing on cutting-edge fields like artificial intelligence and biological sciences [3]. - They promote interdisciplinary collaboration by breaking down departmental barriers and establishing cross-disciplinary research centers, enhancing the foundation for future research endeavors [3]. Group 4: Role in Higher Education Reform - The development of new research universities is seen as a necessary diversification in higher education, especially as China moves towards a more inclusive educational system [4]. - These institutions are expected to serve as experimental grounds for educational reforms, providing valuable insights and replicable models for the broader higher education landscape [4][5]. - The focus on innovative educational models and the cultivation of top-tier talents positions new research universities as key players in enhancing the effectiveness of higher education [5].

Core Viewpoint - The emergence of new research-oriented universities is reshaping higher education in China, demonstrating a competitive yet complementary relationship with traditional universities, and aiming to drive educational reform through innovative practices and flexible mechanisms [1][4][5]. Group 1: New Research-Oriented Universities - New research-oriented universities like Shenzhen University of Technology and Fuyou University have surpassed traditional universities in admission scores, indicating their growing influence [1]. - These universities are seen as "sharp knives" in educational reform, focusing on specific missions that align with societal needs and innovation [1][5]. - Fuyou University emphasizes a flexible management structure, allowing it to respond quickly to social demands, which is a significant advantage over traditional public universities [5][6]. Group 2: Leadership and Management - Fuyou University has appointed a professional president, Wang Shuguo, who advocates for a management style akin to that of private enterprises, enhancing the university's responsiveness to market needs [5][9]. - The introduction of professional leadership in new universities is a trend, as seen with Ningbo Oriental University of Technology, which has also appointed a renowned academician as its president [8][9]. Group 3: Curriculum and Industry Integration - Fuyou University has adopted an integrated eight-year program for undergraduate and postgraduate education, focusing on fields like artificial intelligence and robotics, which require rapid knowledge updates and interdisciplinary research [6][9]. - Both Fuyou University and Ningbo Oriental University are establishing partnerships with leading enterprises to create joint laboratories, enhancing practical training and aligning academic programs with industry needs [9][10]. Group 4: Regional Economic Context - Shenzhen and Ningbo are both manufacturing powerhouses with aspirations for top-tier universities, reflecting a broader trend of cities investing in higher education to support economic growth [10][11]. - The establishment of new universities in these regions is seen as a critical step towards achieving high-quality development and addressing the gap in higher education resources compared to other cities [10][11][15].

Core Insights - The emergence of new research-oriented universities is reshaping higher education in China, with institutions like Shenzhen University of Technology and Fuyou University achieving high admission scores, surpassing traditional universities in some cases [1][2] - New universities are seen as a part of educational reform rather than direct competitors to traditional institutions, aiming to provide innovative experiences that can be scaled nationally [1][3] Group 1: New University Developments - Fuyou University, established with social funding, is expected to adopt a flexible management model, allowing it to respond quickly to societal needs [2][4] - The university's first four undergraduate programs are closely aligned with national strategic needs and advanced manufacturing talent requirements [2][5] - Ningbo Oriental University of Technology also had a successful first year, with its admission scores closely competing with Zhejiang University, indicating strong demand for its programs [3][6] Group 2: Educational Innovation and Industry Collaboration - Fuyou University has established partnerships with leading companies to create joint laboratories, enhancing its practical education approach [4][5] - The integration of industry needs into academic programs is a common theme among new universities, with a focus on fields like integrated circuits and intelligent manufacturing [4][6] - Shenzhen University of Technology emphasizes a model of "integration of science and education" and "integration of industry and education," linking closely with local industries [6][7] Group 3: Regional Economic Context - Shenzhen and Ningbo are both manufacturing powerhouses with aspirations for high-quality higher education, reflecting a trend of cities investing in educational infrastructure to support economic growth [5][6] - The GDP of Shenzhen is projected to reach 3.68 trillion yuan, with a growth rate of 5.8%, while Ningbo's GDP is expected to be 1.81 trillion yuan, growing at 5.4% [5][6] - The establishment of new universities is seen as a critical step in addressing the educational needs of these rapidly growing urban economies [6][7]

Core Insights - The emergence of new research-oriented universities is reshaping higher education in China, with institutions like Shenzhen University of Technology and Fuyao University achieving high admission scores, surpassing traditional universities in some cases [1][3] - New universities are seen as a part of educational reform, aiming to provide innovative experiences that can be scaled nationally, thus reducing risks associated with large-scale reforms [1][3] Group 1: New University Developments - Fuyao University, backed by private funding, is adopting a flexible management model with a professional president to enhance responsiveness to societal needs [3][4] - The establishment of new universities like Ningbo Oriental University of Technology reflects a trend where private enterprises invest in education, aiming to create institutions that can adapt quickly to market demands [7][8] Group 2: Educational Strategies - Fuyao University is implementing an integrated eight-year program for undergraduate and postgraduate education, focusing on fields with rapid knowledge evolution such as artificial intelligence and robotics [4] - Both Fuyao and Ningbo Oriental universities are aligning their programs with national strategic needs and advanced manufacturing talent requirements, indicating a strong connection between education and industry [3][7] Group 3: Regional Economic Context - Shenzhen and Ningbo are both manufacturing powerhouses with significant GDP growth, highlighting the need for high-quality higher education to support their economic ambitions [9][12] - The local governments are actively supporting the development of these new universities, recognizing their potential to contribute to regional innovation and economic development [9][12] Group 4: Future Aspirations - Ningbo Oriental University aims to become a top 20 university nationally, leveraging local resources and expertise to enhance its educational offerings [9][11] - The concept of "boundaryless" education is being promoted in Shenzhen, with a focus on integrating education, technology, and industry to foster innovation [11][12]

Core Viewpoint - The establishment of the N9 alliance of new research-oriented universities aims to enhance collaboration in education, talent cultivation, and research among nine universities, focusing on addressing national development challenges and fostering innovation [3][6][7]. Group 1: New Research-Oriented Universities - The concept of new research-oriented universities, referred to as the "fourth generation universities," is designed to meet the demands of the fourth industrial revolution and future industry needs, moving beyond traditional classifications like "985" or "211" [6][7]. - The N9 alliance may consist of eight identified new research-oriented universities and Shenzhen Technology University, emphasizing a collaborative approach to education and research [8]. Group 2: Characteristics and Goals - New research-oriented universities are characterized as "high starting point, small and precise, innovative, and international," with a focus on emerging fields such as artificial intelligence, integrated circuits, and new materials [8][10]. - The goal of these universities is to cultivate top innovative talents and provide innovative experiences to traditional universities, thereby promoting national educational reform [7][11]. Group 3: Shenzhen's Role - Shenzhen has been a pioneer in exploring the establishment of new research-oriented universities, with institutions like Southern University of Science and Technology and Shenzhen University of Technology leading the way [10][12]. - The successful experiences from Shenzhen's exploration are being integrated into national educational strategies, aiming to create specialized, high-level universities that align with future talent needs [12].

Core Insights - The establishment of the N9 (New University) alliance aims to create a collaborative network of nine universities focused on education, talent cultivation, and internationalization, covering economically strong regions in China [1][4][6] - The concept of "new research universities" aligns with the national strategy to address high-tech challenges and cultivate innovative talent, responding to the needs of the Fourth Industrial Revolution [4][5][7] Group 1: New University Alliance - The N9 alliance is proposed to include nine universities, with discussions ongoing for its formation [1][4] - The alliance is not intended to compete with existing prestigious universities but to serve as a model for the broader educational landscape in China [3][4] Group 2: Characteristics of New Research Universities - New research universities are characterized as "high starting point, small and refined, innovative, and international" [4][5] - These institutions aim to align with future industry demands and technological advancements, differentiating themselves from traditional university classifications like "985" and "211" [4][5] Group 3: Examples and Achievements - Several universities, including Southern University of Science and Technology and Shenzhen University of Technology, have already established themselves as new research universities, with high admission scores surpassing many traditional top universities [5][6] - Shenzhen's universities are noted for their innovative educational practices, such as the "4+1" teaching model at Shenzhen University of Technology, which emphasizes research from the first semester [8]

Core Viewpoint - The establishment of new research-oriented universities like Fuyou University represents a shift in China's educational landscape, emphasizing flexibility, responsiveness to societal needs, and a focus on nurturing talent capable of making significant global impacts [1][2][5]. Group 1: New Research-Oriented Universities - Fuyou University, approved by the Ministry of Education, aims to break away from traditional educational paths, focusing on a high starting point, small scale, research-oriented, and internationalized education [1]. - The first enrollment at Fuyou University attracted 50 students, with admission scores surpassing those of established institutions like Harbin Institute of Technology and Xiamen University, indicating strong demand and interest [1]. Group 2: Insights from Wang Shuguo - Wang Shuguo highlights the differences between public and private universities, noting that private institutions are more agile and responsive to societal demands, akin to private enterprises [2][5]. - He emphasizes the importance of balancing immediate educational goals with long-term sustainability, advising that both private universities and enterprises should not sacrifice long-term value for short-term gains [5][6]. Group 3: The Role of Private Universities - The rise of private universities is seen as a sign of societal maturity, reflecting a growing recognition of the importance of education and the willingness of successful individuals to invest in future generations [6]. - Wang Shuguo expresses a vision for Fuyou University to cultivate world-changing talents, drawing inspiration from successful young innovators in various fields [7].